Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 3 Set 1 2025/2026 UPDATE|
ACTUAL COMPREHENSIVE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (COMPLETE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
GUARANTEED SUCCESS |GRADED A+!! (100% ACCURATE)
GET IT RIGHT!!
Preload definition - ANSWER-the end diastolic volume and
pressure dependent on venous return and amount of blood left
in ventricle at end of systole
Heart failure > increased preload > decreased stroke volume
and build up in pulmonary circulation
Afterload definition - ANSWER-resistance that the ventricle
must over come during systole to eject blood into circulation,
aortic pressure and systemic vascular resistance
Increased aortic pressure/SVR > increased afterload >
ventricular hypertrophy decreased afterload enables heart to
contract faster
Increased afterload slows contractions
Antiarrhythmic drugs - ANSWER-target cardiac action
potentials
,antiarrhythmic drug classes - ANSWER-Class 1 = Na
channel blockers
Class 2 = Beta
blockers
Class 3 = K+ channel blockers (prolongs action
potential duration)
Class 4 = Ca channel
blockers
'No Bears Kiss
Cats'
Diltiazem and Verapamil: effect on myocardial contraction -
ANSWER-negative
inotropic
effect
decreases the strength of cardiac
contraction
inhibits the influx of calcium ions during membrane
depolarization
Clinical implications: relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
with a resultant
decrease in peripheral vascular
resistance.
, Digitalis: effect on myocardial contraction - ANSWER-Force and
velocity of myocardial contraction are increased (positive
inotropic effect).
inhibition of movement of sodium and potassium ions across
myocardial cell membranes by complexing with adenosine
triphosphates.
Clinical Implications: used to treat congestive heart failure
(CHF) and heart rhythm problems (atrial arrhythmias). Digitalis
can increase blood flow throughout your body
Beta Blockers: effect on myocardial contraction - ANSWER-
decrease heart rate
and dilate arteries by blocking beta
receptors
Decreases
contractions
They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic
receptors
Clinical Implications: used for chest pain and
hypertension
Dobutamine: effect on myocardial contraction - ANSWER-
increases contraction
and
HR
ACTUAL COMPREHENSIVE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (COMPLETE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
GUARANTEED SUCCESS |GRADED A+!! (100% ACCURATE)
GET IT RIGHT!!
Preload definition - ANSWER-the end diastolic volume and
pressure dependent on venous return and amount of blood left
in ventricle at end of systole
Heart failure > increased preload > decreased stroke volume
and build up in pulmonary circulation
Afterload definition - ANSWER-resistance that the ventricle
must over come during systole to eject blood into circulation,
aortic pressure and systemic vascular resistance
Increased aortic pressure/SVR > increased afterload >
ventricular hypertrophy decreased afterload enables heart to
contract faster
Increased afterload slows contractions
Antiarrhythmic drugs - ANSWER-target cardiac action
potentials
,antiarrhythmic drug classes - ANSWER-Class 1 = Na
channel blockers
Class 2 = Beta
blockers
Class 3 = K+ channel blockers (prolongs action
potential duration)
Class 4 = Ca channel
blockers
'No Bears Kiss
Cats'
Diltiazem and Verapamil: effect on myocardial contraction -
ANSWER-negative
inotropic
effect
decreases the strength of cardiac
contraction
inhibits the influx of calcium ions during membrane
depolarization
Clinical implications: relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
with a resultant
decrease in peripheral vascular
resistance.
, Digitalis: effect on myocardial contraction - ANSWER-Force and
velocity of myocardial contraction are increased (positive
inotropic effect).
inhibition of movement of sodium and potassium ions across
myocardial cell membranes by complexing with adenosine
triphosphates.
Clinical Implications: used to treat congestive heart failure
(CHF) and heart rhythm problems (atrial arrhythmias). Digitalis
can increase blood flow throughout your body
Beta Blockers: effect on myocardial contraction - ANSWER-
decrease heart rate
and dilate arteries by blocking beta
receptors
Decreases
contractions
They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic
receptors
Clinical Implications: used for chest pain and
hypertension
Dobutamine: effect on myocardial contraction - ANSWER-
increases contraction
and
HR
