EMT FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE GRADE A 100%
VERIFIED
What are the respiratory rates when we should consider a BVM? - ANS>>> 10 breath/min or lower
How do we determine adequate respirations? - ANS>>> bilateral chest rise and fall
adequate depth and tidal volume
good resp rates
Wheezing - ANS>>> high pitched whistle b/c blocked airway
- COPD, asthma
Ronchi - ANS>>> air passes thru bronchial tubes but contains thick, viscous mucus
low pitch snoring from COPD/ bronchi
crackles/ rales - ANS>>> series of short, explosive sounds
bubbling, rattles, crack
fluid in air sacks
stridor - ANS>>> upper airway, harsh noisy, squeaking with each breath
obstruction, paralyzed vocal chord
allergies
Corrective action if we no longer see visible chest rise while performing PP ventilation - ANS>>>
Nasal cannula flow rate - ANS>>> 1-6 lpm
Non-rebreather mask flow rate - ANS>>> 10-15 LPM
,BVM flow rate - ANS>>> 15 LPM or higher
you witness patient collapses. What should you do? - ANS>>> - check for carotid pulse and start CPR
What to ask and how to approach a patient who is possibly choking - ANS>>> ask how long they've
been choking
perform abdominal thrust of cant breath
When do we simply encourage them to cough? - ANS>>> usually with kids
How to treat a patient with a STOMA that is not with adequate respirations - ANS>>> Surgical Opening,
suction, take the mask off BVM and take it on or take this pads mask on it
When to treat a patient with humidified oxygen? - ANS>>> with croup or epiglottis, when it is harder for
them to breath, usually dehydrated
How to ask questions to a patient with extreme SOB, what to ask and when... - ANS>>> Check airway,
assist ventilation, then ask to then
pneumothorax - ANS>>> air in the pleural cavity caused by a puncture of the lung or chest wall
Your patient was on a third floor balcony which collapsed. The patient is semi-conscious, has an impaled
piece of wood in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, an obvious femur fracture and multiple cuts
and bruises. You should
a. assist ventilations with bag-valve-mask and splint femur fracture.
b. stabilize impaled object with a bulky dressing and establish c-spine protection.
c. apply oxygen and prepare patient for rapid transport to a trauma center.
d. establish c-spine protection, open the airway and assess breathing. - ANS>>> assist ventilations with
bag-valve-mask and splint femur fracture
,A 30 year-old female is experiencing vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. She is drowsy. Her skin is
pale, cool, and clammy. Her vital signs are BP 90/60, P 120 and R. 20. You estimate that she may have
lost 500 cc of blood. Which of the following should concern you the MOST?
a. Septic shock due to a serious infection.
b. Cardiogenic shock due to lack of perfusion.
c. Hypovolemic shock due to blood loss.
d. Neurogenic shock due to blood vessel dilation - ANS>>> Hypovolemic shock due to blood loss.
Your pregnant patient has a history of asthma. She started having difficulty breathing 15 minutes prior
to calling 911. She has used her inhaler three times with no relief. You should
a. start oxygen therapy at high flow and transport.
b. start oxygen therapy at high flow, transport and contact medical control for orders to administer a
nebulizer.
c. start oxygen therapy at high flow, administer a nebulizer, reassess to determine if transport is
required.
d. encourage her to use her inhaler until she feels relief. - ANS>>> start oxygen therapy at high flow,
transport and contact medical control for orders to administer a nebulizer.
Your patient has a fork impaled into his cheek. He is having trouble breathing. You should
a. insert a nasal airway and apply oxygen.
b. carefully remove the fork from the cheek.
c. stabilize the fork with bulky dressings.
d. have the patient pull the fork out of the cheek. - ANS>>> carefully remove the fork from the cheek.
A 40 year old has just been struck by lightning. There are no visible wounds. You should suspect
a. deep tissue damage.
b. spinal fracture.
, c. significant internal bleeding.
d. permanent memory loss. - ANS>>> deep tissue damage.
Your patient's pulse returns after the use of the AED. You should first
a. reanalyze the rhythm.
b. continue ventilations.
c. continue performing compressions if BP is too low.
d. turn off the AED and remove the defibrillator pads. - ANS>>> continue ventilations.
Your 90 year old nursing home patient is pulseless and apneic. The nurse shows you a note in the
patient's chart stating "Do not resuscitate". The note is signed by a physician. You should
a. call on-line medical control.
b. call the patient's doctor to confirm the order.
c. consult with the family.
d. request to see a copy of the living will. - ANS>>> call on-line medical control.
A 67 year old female just had a syncopal episode while using the toilet. Vitals are: BP 100/60, P 110
irregular, R 12. She is weak and dizzy. You should suspect a
a. cardiac rhythm disturbance.
b. acute myocardial infarction.
c. cerebral vascular accident.
d. gastrointestinal obstruction. - ANS>>> gastrointestinal obstruction.
When responding to an incident involving an unidentified hazardous material, the most appropriate
place to position the ambulance is
a. upwind and uphill from the incident.
VERIFIED
What are the respiratory rates when we should consider a BVM? - ANS>>> 10 breath/min or lower
How do we determine adequate respirations? - ANS>>> bilateral chest rise and fall
adequate depth and tidal volume
good resp rates
Wheezing - ANS>>> high pitched whistle b/c blocked airway
- COPD, asthma
Ronchi - ANS>>> air passes thru bronchial tubes but contains thick, viscous mucus
low pitch snoring from COPD/ bronchi
crackles/ rales - ANS>>> series of short, explosive sounds
bubbling, rattles, crack
fluid in air sacks
stridor - ANS>>> upper airway, harsh noisy, squeaking with each breath
obstruction, paralyzed vocal chord
allergies
Corrective action if we no longer see visible chest rise while performing PP ventilation - ANS>>>
Nasal cannula flow rate - ANS>>> 1-6 lpm
Non-rebreather mask flow rate - ANS>>> 10-15 LPM
,BVM flow rate - ANS>>> 15 LPM or higher
you witness patient collapses. What should you do? - ANS>>> - check for carotid pulse and start CPR
What to ask and how to approach a patient who is possibly choking - ANS>>> ask how long they've
been choking
perform abdominal thrust of cant breath
When do we simply encourage them to cough? - ANS>>> usually with kids
How to treat a patient with a STOMA that is not with adequate respirations - ANS>>> Surgical Opening,
suction, take the mask off BVM and take it on or take this pads mask on it
When to treat a patient with humidified oxygen? - ANS>>> with croup or epiglottis, when it is harder for
them to breath, usually dehydrated
How to ask questions to a patient with extreme SOB, what to ask and when... - ANS>>> Check airway,
assist ventilation, then ask to then
pneumothorax - ANS>>> air in the pleural cavity caused by a puncture of the lung or chest wall
Your patient was on a third floor balcony which collapsed. The patient is semi-conscious, has an impaled
piece of wood in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, an obvious femur fracture and multiple cuts
and bruises. You should
a. assist ventilations with bag-valve-mask and splint femur fracture.
b. stabilize impaled object with a bulky dressing and establish c-spine protection.
c. apply oxygen and prepare patient for rapid transport to a trauma center.
d. establish c-spine protection, open the airway and assess breathing. - ANS>>> assist ventilations with
bag-valve-mask and splint femur fracture
,A 30 year-old female is experiencing vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. She is drowsy. Her skin is
pale, cool, and clammy. Her vital signs are BP 90/60, P 120 and R. 20. You estimate that she may have
lost 500 cc of blood. Which of the following should concern you the MOST?
a. Septic shock due to a serious infection.
b. Cardiogenic shock due to lack of perfusion.
c. Hypovolemic shock due to blood loss.
d. Neurogenic shock due to blood vessel dilation - ANS>>> Hypovolemic shock due to blood loss.
Your pregnant patient has a history of asthma. She started having difficulty breathing 15 minutes prior
to calling 911. She has used her inhaler three times with no relief. You should
a. start oxygen therapy at high flow and transport.
b. start oxygen therapy at high flow, transport and contact medical control for orders to administer a
nebulizer.
c. start oxygen therapy at high flow, administer a nebulizer, reassess to determine if transport is
required.
d. encourage her to use her inhaler until she feels relief. - ANS>>> start oxygen therapy at high flow,
transport and contact medical control for orders to administer a nebulizer.
Your patient has a fork impaled into his cheek. He is having trouble breathing. You should
a. insert a nasal airway and apply oxygen.
b. carefully remove the fork from the cheek.
c. stabilize the fork with bulky dressings.
d. have the patient pull the fork out of the cheek. - ANS>>> carefully remove the fork from the cheek.
A 40 year old has just been struck by lightning. There are no visible wounds. You should suspect
a. deep tissue damage.
b. spinal fracture.
, c. significant internal bleeding.
d. permanent memory loss. - ANS>>> deep tissue damage.
Your patient's pulse returns after the use of the AED. You should first
a. reanalyze the rhythm.
b. continue ventilations.
c. continue performing compressions if BP is too low.
d. turn off the AED and remove the defibrillator pads. - ANS>>> continue ventilations.
Your 90 year old nursing home patient is pulseless and apneic. The nurse shows you a note in the
patient's chart stating "Do not resuscitate". The note is signed by a physician. You should
a. call on-line medical control.
b. call the patient's doctor to confirm the order.
c. consult with the family.
d. request to see a copy of the living will. - ANS>>> call on-line medical control.
A 67 year old female just had a syncopal episode while using the toilet. Vitals are: BP 100/60, P 110
irregular, R 12. She is weak and dizzy. You should suspect a
a. cardiac rhythm disturbance.
b. acute myocardial infarction.
c. cerebral vascular accident.
d. gastrointestinal obstruction. - ANS>>> gastrointestinal obstruction.
When responding to an incident involving an unidentified hazardous material, the most appropriate
place to position the ambulance is
a. upwind and uphill from the incident.
