NURS 6501 – ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
QUIZ 1
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. How are cells specialized?
A. Through osmosis
B. Through active transport
C. Through differentiation or maturation
D. Through mitosis
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Differentiation or maturation allows cells to acquire specific structures and functions,
becoming specialized.
2. Which of the following is NOT one of the eight specialized cellular functions?
A. Secretion
B. Excretion
C. Assimilation
D. Reproduction
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: The eight functions are movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion,
excretion, respiration, reproduction, and communication.
3. What are the three general components of a eukaryotic cell?
A. Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
B. Cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex
C. Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, intracellular organelles
D. Cytoskeleton, peroxisomes, lysosomes
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Eukaryotic cells are made up of plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles such as
the nucleus and mitochondria.
4. What causes the release of lysosomal enzymes?
A. Normal cell function
B. Cellular injury
C. Active transport
D. Ribosomal malfunction
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Cellular injury leads to self-digestion and release of lysosomal enzymes.
, 5. Where is the nucleus typically located in a cell?
A. At the edge
B. In the center
C. In the plasma membrane
D. Near the mitochondria
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: The nucleus is usually centrally located and controls cell division and genetic
information.
6. What is the cytoplasm?
A. Membrane that encloses the nucleus
B. Fluid in the mitochondria
C. Aqueous solution between nucleus and plasma membrane
D. Enzyme container
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid surrounding organelles inside the cell.
7. What does the endoplasmic reticulum specialize in?
A. Digestion
B. DNA replication
C. Synthesis and transport of proteins/lipids
D. Cell division
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: ER synthesizes and transports proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).
8. What is the function of the Golgi complex?
A. Produces energy
B. Packages and processes proteins
C. Stores DNA
D. Controls cell division
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for secretion or use in the cell.
9. What are lysosomes responsible for?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Digesting cellular substances
C. Producing ATP
D. RNA transcription
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Lysosomes break down cellular waste into basic building blocks.
10. What is the function of peroxisomes?
A. ATP synthesis
B. DNA synthesis
C. Production and breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
D. Protein folding
QUIZ 1
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. How are cells specialized?
A. Through osmosis
B. Through active transport
C. Through differentiation or maturation
D. Through mitosis
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Differentiation or maturation allows cells to acquire specific structures and functions,
becoming specialized.
2. Which of the following is NOT one of the eight specialized cellular functions?
A. Secretion
B. Excretion
C. Assimilation
D. Reproduction
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: The eight functions are movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion,
excretion, respiration, reproduction, and communication.
3. What are the three general components of a eukaryotic cell?
A. Nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
B. Cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex
C. Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, intracellular organelles
D. Cytoskeleton, peroxisomes, lysosomes
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Eukaryotic cells are made up of plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles such as
the nucleus and mitochondria.
4. What causes the release of lysosomal enzymes?
A. Normal cell function
B. Cellular injury
C. Active transport
D. Ribosomal malfunction
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Cellular injury leads to self-digestion and release of lysosomal enzymes.
, 5. Where is the nucleus typically located in a cell?
A. At the edge
B. In the center
C. In the plasma membrane
D. Near the mitochondria
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: The nucleus is usually centrally located and controls cell division and genetic
information.
6. What is the cytoplasm?
A. Membrane that encloses the nucleus
B. Fluid in the mitochondria
C. Aqueous solution between nucleus and plasma membrane
D. Enzyme container
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid surrounding organelles inside the cell.
7. What does the endoplasmic reticulum specialize in?
A. Digestion
B. DNA replication
C. Synthesis and transport of proteins/lipids
D. Cell division
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: ER synthesizes and transports proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).
8. What is the function of the Golgi complex?
A. Produces energy
B. Packages and processes proteins
C. Stores DNA
D. Controls cell division
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for secretion or use in the cell.
9. What are lysosomes responsible for?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Digesting cellular substances
C. Producing ATP
D. RNA transcription
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Lysosomes break down cellular waste into basic building blocks.
10. What is the function of peroxisomes?
A. ATP synthesis
B. DNA synthesis
C. Production and breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
D. Protein folding
