Exam 2 Developmental Psychology questions and answer

Exam 2 Developmental Psychology questions
and answers

Jean Piaget - answer-"knowledge is a product of the amount of experience an infant
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has"
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He was a constructionist
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he was Swiss and a genius
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Schema - answer-Organized pattern of functioning
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Example:if you hear the word bird you can picture one...you already have a schema for
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birds
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organization - answer-cognitive thinking is organized into schemas
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adaptation - answer-as you have new experiences you adapt your ways of thinking and
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organize schemas
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assimilation - answer-new experience is incorporated into the current way of thinking
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Example: you already have a schema and as new information comes in you fit it in with
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your already existing schema
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Accomodation - answer-change and create a new schema for the new info I have
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learned
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new experience changes the current way of thinking into something different
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Sensorimotor stage of piaget's theory of development - answer-babies are all about
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senses and controlling movement
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Sensorimotor stage--- object permanence - answer-things continue to exist even if you
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vcant see them
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-babies have problems with this
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example: peek-a-boo v




Sensorimotor stage--- A-not-B Error - answer-hide an object in 2 places...do the same
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vplace over and over and then switch the spot while the baby is watching
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--interestingly they still go back to original spot even after watching you put it in a
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vdifferent spot v




Egocentrism - answer-happens between ages 2-7 v v v v v

, child sees the world only from their perspective and that they do not think others have
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vdifferent perspectives. v


--they believe "if i see it everyone sees it"
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Example: 3 mountain perspective v v v


-Ross Thompson believes children are not as egocentric as once believed. he believes
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vthat children have an awareness of others goals, feelings, and desires
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Early childhood - answer-children grow 2.5" and gain 5-7 lbs a year
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there is a change in their brains that enables them to plan their actions, attend to stimuli,
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vand make considerable strides in language
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3-6 years - answer-most rapid growth occurs in the prefrontal cortex which plays a key
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role in planning and organizing new actions and maintaining attention
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myelination - answer-process by which the axons are covered and insulated with a layer
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of fat cells which increases speed at which info travels through the nervous system
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gross motor development - answer-running, jumping, and exploring starts @ age 3 and
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continues to get more adventurous through age 5
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fine motor development - answer-by 3 years they can grasp small objects yet are clumsy
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4-5 able to build towers and by 5 can control motions totally
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exercise for preschool children - answer-should engage in 2 hours of physical activity
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per day
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Piaget's Preoperational Stage - answer-2nd stage age 2-7 children begin to represent
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vthe world with words, images, and drawings and symbolic thought goes beyond simple
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vconnections and physical actions v v v


-stable concepts are formed, mental reasoning emerges, egocentrism is present, and
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vmagical beliefs are constructed v v v




operations - answer-internalized, reversible sets of actions that allow children to do
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mentally what they formally did physically
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Symbolic Function Substage---Preoperational stage - answer-child gains the ability to
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vmentally represent an object that is not present
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-(2-4 years of age)
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animism----preoperational stage - answer-belief that inanimate objects have life-like v v v v v v v v


qualities and are capable of action
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2nd preoperationsal substage--intuitive thought substage - answer-children begin to use
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vprimitive reasoning and want to know the answer to all sorts of questions
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(4-7 years of age)
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example: kids constantly asking "why" v v v v