BIO 202 MIDTERM EXAM COMPILATION
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1.
This reaction yields glycogen
A) Glycogenolysis
B) Glycolysis
C) Gluconeogenesis
D) Glycogenesis
E) None of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose, primarily in liver and muscle cells
for storage.
2.
Steroid hormones...
A) Are lipophilic
B) Combine with protein receptor molecules on the surface of the cell
C) Cause the anabolism of mRNA
D) A and C
E) All of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: Steroid hormones are lipophilic and pass through membranes to bind intracellular
receptors, promoting mRNA transcription.
3.
Growth hormone (GH)...
A) Promotes growth by increasing mitosis
B) Targets all cells, especially skeletal muscle and bone
C) Is produced by the somatotropes of the anterior pituitary
D) A and B
E) All of the above
Answer: E
EXPLANATION: GH is produced by the anterior pituitary and affects most tissues, promoting mitosis and
growth.
4.
, If an autoimmune disorder targets the beta cells of the pancreatic islets, production of which hormone
would be directly affected?
A) Somatostatin
B) Pancreatic polypeptide
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon
E) Pancreatic amylase
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Beta cells produce insulin, so autoimmune destruction results in decreased insulin, as
seen in type 1 diabetes.
5.
Which of the following are examples of hormone responses?
A) A decrease in membrane permeability
B) An increase in protein synthesis
C) An increase in cell division
D) Two of the above
E) All of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: Hormones can increase protein synthesis and cell division, but don’t typically decrease
membrane permeability.
6.
A gland has been damaged and produces 100 times less than the normal amount of hormone. The
target cell response to the abnormally low hormone level is to _______ the number of receptors for the
hormone.
A) Down-regulate
B) Up-regulate
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: In low hormone conditions, cells increase receptors (up-regulation) to enhance
sensitivity.
7.
Erythrocytes...
A) Are membrane-bound sacs containing hemoglobin and enzymes
B) Are non-nucleated in circulation
C) Cannot make ATP molecules
D) A and B
E) All of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: RBCs lack nuclei and organelles, limiting ATP production, but contain hemoglobin and
enzymes.
8.
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1.
This reaction yields glycogen
A) Glycogenolysis
B) Glycolysis
C) Gluconeogenesis
D) Glycogenesis
E) None of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose, primarily in liver and muscle cells
for storage.
2.
Steroid hormones...
A) Are lipophilic
B) Combine with protein receptor molecules on the surface of the cell
C) Cause the anabolism of mRNA
D) A and C
E) All of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: Steroid hormones are lipophilic and pass through membranes to bind intracellular
receptors, promoting mRNA transcription.
3.
Growth hormone (GH)...
A) Promotes growth by increasing mitosis
B) Targets all cells, especially skeletal muscle and bone
C) Is produced by the somatotropes of the anterior pituitary
D) A and B
E) All of the above
Answer: E
EXPLANATION: GH is produced by the anterior pituitary and affects most tissues, promoting mitosis and
growth.
4.
, If an autoimmune disorder targets the beta cells of the pancreatic islets, production of which hormone
would be directly affected?
A) Somatostatin
B) Pancreatic polypeptide
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon
E) Pancreatic amylase
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Beta cells produce insulin, so autoimmune destruction results in decreased insulin, as
seen in type 1 diabetes.
5.
Which of the following are examples of hormone responses?
A) A decrease in membrane permeability
B) An increase in protein synthesis
C) An increase in cell division
D) Two of the above
E) All of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: Hormones can increase protein synthesis and cell division, but don’t typically decrease
membrane permeability.
6.
A gland has been damaged and produces 100 times less than the normal amount of hormone. The
target cell response to the abnormally low hormone level is to _______ the number of receptors for the
hormone.
A) Down-regulate
B) Up-regulate
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: In low hormone conditions, cells increase receptors (up-regulation) to enhance
sensitivity.
7.
Erythrocytes...
A) Are membrane-bound sacs containing hemoglobin and enzymes
B) Are non-nucleated in circulation
C) Cannot make ATP molecules
D) A and B
E) All of the above
Answer: D
EXPLANATION: RBCs lack nuclei and organelles, limiting ATP production, but contain hemoglobin and
enzymes.
8.
