NPS Test Questions with Verified
Solutions
The neonatal/pediatric specialist attends a high-risk delivery in which the newborn's
buttocks and lower extremities present first. This fetal presentation is best referred to as
- ANS-Complete Breech (correct)
Frank Breech only the buttocks
Incomplete Breech only lower legs
Transverse lie shoulder presents first
Protruding intestines contained within a translucent membrane or sac best describes
which of the following conditions? - ANS-Omphalocele (correct)
Gastroschisis Lateral to the umbilical stump and the intestines are not in a sac
Myelomeningocele spina bifida: defect of the the central nervous system where a
herniated sac contains portions of the spinal column
DiGeorge Syndrome congenital defect on chromosome 22
Following a motor vehicle accident, an 11-year-old girl presents with a Glasgow Coma
Scale of ten (10). This would indicate - ANS-Moderate Head injury (correct) 9-12
no head injury
mild head injury 13-15
severe head injury 3-8
Which of the following should the neonatal/pediatric specialist suspect in a 1-year-old
child with a gradual onset of symptoms? - ANS-Respiratory Syncytial Virus RSV
(correct)
Foreign body aspiration
Asthma
Epiglottitis
,Which of the following treatment options should the neonatal/pediatric specialist
recommend for a newborn with hyperbilirubinemia? - ANS-Phototherapy, Vitamine E,
Exchange transfusion
Which of the following procedures would be helpful to differentiate between Persistent
Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) and right-to-left shunting resulting
from a congenital heart defect? - ANS-Hyperoxia-Hyperventilation Test (correct); infant
placed on 100% O2 and manually ventilate for 5 to 10 minutes watching for an
improvement in PaO2. If the PaO2 rises above 100 torr then the baby has PPHN. If the
PaO2 does not improve the infant has a heart defect
Oxygen Challenge test; neonate placed on 100% oxygen, change in PaO2 is evaluated.
In lung disease the PaO2 will rise, little or no change shows shunting but we cant tell
the difference between PPHN or cardiac defects
Silverman-Anderson score; used to assess the severity of respiratory destress in
neonates
Fiberoptic Transillumination; only for pneumothorax
During assessment of an infant's nutritional status, the neonatal/pediatric specialist
notes that the infant has a protruding belly with edematous face and limbs. This
condition is best described as - ANS-Kwashiorkor (correct) sudden lack of proteins
Potter Syndrome atypical appearance caused by pologo hydrannis
Scaphoid Syndrome diaphragmatic hernia
Marasmus extreme lack of calories and protein match stick arms and lack of muscle
and fat
A feeding tube is inserted through the nose of a full-term newborn. When evaluating the
post-procedure x-ray, the neonatal/pediatric specialist notes that the tube is coiled in the
newborn's mediastinum. This would indicate a/an - ANS-Esophageal atresia (correct)
when the top and the bottom of the esophagus have not grown together
Diaphragmatic hernia; the feeding tube would go past the mediastinum and go back up
tracheo-esophageal fistula; we would see it in the lungs
choanal atresia congenital blockage of the nasopharynx the feeding tube would not be
able to pass through.
Upon examination of the chest x-ray of a premature newborn receiving positive
pressure ventilation, the neonatal/pediatric specialist notes the presence of nodular,
, irregular bubbles radiating outward from the hilum accompanied by linear lucencies and
streaks. These findings are consistent with - ANS-Pulmonary interstitial emphysema
(correct) air leaking into the tissue layers of the airways
Hyaline Membrane Disease; reticulogranular reticulologal ground glass or honeycomb
pattern with air bronchograms
Pneumopericardium; presence of air in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart
Pulmonary Edema; presence of fluid in the alveolar level butterfly batwing bilateral
diffused infiltrates
Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding urine output for a full-term infant
weighing 3 kg? - ANS-Urine output is related to circulation, perfusion and Normal is
1ml/kg/hr
An infant born to a mother who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy is at a greater risk
of - ANS-intrauterine growth retardation (correct)
Central nervous system dysfunction fetal alcohol syndrome
Teratogenic effects developmental malformations from alcohol
Lower intellectual levels maternal malnutrition or diabetes
Which of the following would best evaluate blood type incompatibility between the
mother and the fetus? - ANS-Coombs Test (correct)
Serum Protein and Albumin/globulin ratio; changes in the amount of globulin in the
blood
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis; different types of hemoglobin in the blood
Dubowitz Assessment; physical and neurologic factors to determine gestational age
An infant born to a mother with diabetes has a high risk of which of the following? -
ANS-Macrosomia (large for gestational age), RDS, Congenital anomalies,
preeclampsia, hypo-hyperglycemia
A 27-year-old woman reports to her obstetrician that her last menstrual period began on
October 26. According to Nägele's Rule, what is her due date? - ANS-August 2 first day
of mothers last period count back 3 months and add 7 days
Careful auscultation of a newborn's heart reveals S3 and S4 heart sounds. The
neonatal/pediatric specialist should recommend further evaluation by - ANS-
ultrasonography of the heart or echocardiogram Rhashkind Procedure; balloon that
Solutions
The neonatal/pediatric specialist attends a high-risk delivery in which the newborn's
buttocks and lower extremities present first. This fetal presentation is best referred to as
- ANS-Complete Breech (correct)
Frank Breech only the buttocks
Incomplete Breech only lower legs
Transverse lie shoulder presents first
Protruding intestines contained within a translucent membrane or sac best describes
which of the following conditions? - ANS-Omphalocele (correct)
Gastroschisis Lateral to the umbilical stump and the intestines are not in a sac
Myelomeningocele spina bifida: defect of the the central nervous system where a
herniated sac contains portions of the spinal column
DiGeorge Syndrome congenital defect on chromosome 22
Following a motor vehicle accident, an 11-year-old girl presents with a Glasgow Coma
Scale of ten (10). This would indicate - ANS-Moderate Head injury (correct) 9-12
no head injury
mild head injury 13-15
severe head injury 3-8
Which of the following should the neonatal/pediatric specialist suspect in a 1-year-old
child with a gradual onset of symptoms? - ANS-Respiratory Syncytial Virus RSV
(correct)
Foreign body aspiration
Asthma
Epiglottitis
,Which of the following treatment options should the neonatal/pediatric specialist
recommend for a newborn with hyperbilirubinemia? - ANS-Phototherapy, Vitamine E,
Exchange transfusion
Which of the following procedures would be helpful to differentiate between Persistent
Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) and right-to-left shunting resulting
from a congenital heart defect? - ANS-Hyperoxia-Hyperventilation Test (correct); infant
placed on 100% O2 and manually ventilate for 5 to 10 minutes watching for an
improvement in PaO2. If the PaO2 rises above 100 torr then the baby has PPHN. If the
PaO2 does not improve the infant has a heart defect
Oxygen Challenge test; neonate placed on 100% oxygen, change in PaO2 is evaluated.
In lung disease the PaO2 will rise, little or no change shows shunting but we cant tell
the difference between PPHN or cardiac defects
Silverman-Anderson score; used to assess the severity of respiratory destress in
neonates
Fiberoptic Transillumination; only for pneumothorax
During assessment of an infant's nutritional status, the neonatal/pediatric specialist
notes that the infant has a protruding belly with edematous face and limbs. This
condition is best described as - ANS-Kwashiorkor (correct) sudden lack of proteins
Potter Syndrome atypical appearance caused by pologo hydrannis
Scaphoid Syndrome diaphragmatic hernia
Marasmus extreme lack of calories and protein match stick arms and lack of muscle
and fat
A feeding tube is inserted through the nose of a full-term newborn. When evaluating the
post-procedure x-ray, the neonatal/pediatric specialist notes that the tube is coiled in the
newborn's mediastinum. This would indicate a/an - ANS-Esophageal atresia (correct)
when the top and the bottom of the esophagus have not grown together
Diaphragmatic hernia; the feeding tube would go past the mediastinum and go back up
tracheo-esophageal fistula; we would see it in the lungs
choanal atresia congenital blockage of the nasopharynx the feeding tube would not be
able to pass through.
Upon examination of the chest x-ray of a premature newborn receiving positive
pressure ventilation, the neonatal/pediatric specialist notes the presence of nodular,
, irregular bubbles radiating outward from the hilum accompanied by linear lucencies and
streaks. These findings are consistent with - ANS-Pulmonary interstitial emphysema
(correct) air leaking into the tissue layers of the airways
Hyaline Membrane Disease; reticulogranular reticulologal ground glass or honeycomb
pattern with air bronchograms
Pneumopericardium; presence of air in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart
Pulmonary Edema; presence of fluid in the alveolar level butterfly batwing bilateral
diffused infiltrates
Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding urine output for a full-term infant
weighing 3 kg? - ANS-Urine output is related to circulation, perfusion and Normal is
1ml/kg/hr
An infant born to a mother who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy is at a greater risk
of - ANS-intrauterine growth retardation (correct)
Central nervous system dysfunction fetal alcohol syndrome
Teratogenic effects developmental malformations from alcohol
Lower intellectual levels maternal malnutrition or diabetes
Which of the following would best evaluate blood type incompatibility between the
mother and the fetus? - ANS-Coombs Test (correct)
Serum Protein and Albumin/globulin ratio; changes in the amount of globulin in the
blood
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis; different types of hemoglobin in the blood
Dubowitz Assessment; physical and neurologic factors to determine gestational age
An infant born to a mother with diabetes has a high risk of which of the following? -
ANS-Macrosomia (large for gestational age), RDS, Congenital anomalies,
preeclampsia, hypo-hyperglycemia
A 27-year-old woman reports to her obstetrician that her last menstrual period began on
October 26. According to Nägele's Rule, what is her due date? - ANS-August 2 first day
of mothers last period count back 3 months and add 7 days
Careful auscultation of a newborn's heart reveals S3 and S4 heart sounds. The
neonatal/pediatric specialist should recommend further evaluation by - ANS-
ultrasonography of the heart or echocardiogram Rhashkind Procedure; balloon that
