Mechanical FE Exam: Material Properties and Testing Practice Questions And Answers Well Defined.

Materials Selection - correct answer the process of selecting materials used to design and manufacture a part of product Materials science - correct answer the study of materials to understand their properties, limits and uses Mechanical Properties - correct answer Describe the relationship between properties and mechanical forces (stress, strains, and applied force). Examples of mechanical properties include strength, toughness, ductility, hardness, fatigue and creep Thermal Properties - correct answer Properties that describe how a substance acts as it is heated. Examples of thermal properties include: thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, the heat of fusion and the glass transition temperature Capacitor - correct answer An electrical device used to store electrical charge. A capacitor is constructed as two conducting surfaces separate by an insulator, such as oiled paper, mica or air. Parallel Capacitor - correct answer A simple type of capacitor constructed as two parallel plates. If the plates are connected across a potential, charges of opposite polarity will build up on the two plates and create an electric field between the plates. Resistance - correct answer the property of a circuit or circuit element to oppose current flow Short Circuit - correct answer A circuit with zero resistance Open Circuit - correct answer A circuit that has an infinite resistance Resistivity - correct answer a measure of the resisting power of a specified material to the flow of an electric current. Semiconductors - correct answer materials which charges flow through more or less easily Transducer - correct answer Converts a signal to a different energy form Photoelectric effect - correct answer Light is directed onto the junction of two dissimilar metals, generating a voltage Piezoelectric effect - correct answer occurs when certain crystals generate an electrostatic charge or potential when mechanical forces are applied to the material Electromagnetic Transduction - correct answer the measured quantity is converted into a voltage by a change in magnetic flux that occurs when magnetic material moves relative to a coil with a ferrous core Specific Heat - correct answer (aka specific heat capacity) the heat energy required to change the temperature of one unit mass of the substance by one degree Thermal expansion coefficient - correct answer the ratio of engineering strain to the change in temperature Stress (σ) - correct answer load per unit original area True stress - correct answer load divided by actual cross-sectional area Strain (ε) - correct answer the elongation of the test specimen expressed as a percentage or decimal fraction of the original length Elastic Limit - correct answer Maximum stress that a material will withstand without permanent deformation. Tensile Strength - correct answer The maximum stress a material subjected to a stretching load can withstand without failure Fracture Strength - correct answer Stress at which a material fractures or fails Ductile material - correct answer A ductile material is the physical property of the material that allows it to be pulled or stretched very thin, using tensile stress, in the direction it is pulled without breaking Charpy Impact Test - correct answer The Charpy Impact Test is used to find energy required to fracture and to identify ductile to brittle transition. Impact tests determine the amount of energy required to cause failure in standardized test samples. The tests are repeated over a range of temperatures to determine the ductile to brittle transition temperature. Creep - correct answer the continuous yielding of a material under constant stress Hardness Test - correct answer Used to measure the capacity of a surface to resist deformation. The main use of hardness testing is to verify heat treatments, an important factor in product service life