The Nephron Function Test with Verified Answers

The Nephron Function Test with Verified Answers
What is the Nephron? - Ans -The unit of the Kidney responsible for:

- The production of Urine in order to get rid of excess water and toxic waste products.



How many Nephrons are in each Kidney? - Ans -Approximately 1 million



Afferent Arteriole - Ans -Blood enters the Glomerulus through this



Efferent Arteriole - Ans -Blood exits the Glomerulus through this



Glomerulus - Ans -A network of Capillaries



As blood enters and exits the Glomerulus - Ans -Components of the blood are filtered
out into an area called the Bowman's Capsule



The first part of the journey where filtration takes place - Ans -The Glomerulus



Normal Filtrate contains - Ans -- Water (H2O)

- Sodium Chloride (NaCl) move together

- Potassium (K)

- Bicarbonate (HCO3)

- Glucose

- Amino Acids

- Creatinine
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- Urea
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, Creatinine and Urea - Ans -- Waste products

- Should be removed from circulation before they become toxic



Proximal Convoluted Tubule (Proximal Tubule) - Ans -Reabsorption of:

- Potassium (K)

- Sodium Chloride (NaCl) (65%)

- Water (H2O) (65%)

- Amino Acids (100%)

- Glucose (100%)

- Bicarbonate (HCO3) (90%)

Back into the blood



How much Urea is reabsorbed into the blood at the Proximal Convoluted Tubule? -
Ans -50%

- Not all Urea leaves the Nephron in the Urine



How does water (H2O) leave the Nephron? - Ans -By Osmosis



Secreted in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Ans -- Uric Acid (waste product)

- Organic Acids (include many antibiotics)

This is how they're removed from the body



The Loop of Henle - Ans -Concentration of Urine

- Descending limb: filtrate travels down
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- Ascending limb: filtrate travels up