MVU NURS 620 Exam 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ 2025|2026 UPDATE

MVU NURS 620 Exam 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ 2025|2026 UPDATE What are we thinking about with contraceptive issues? - ANSWER •Almost half of MVU NURS 620 Exam 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+ 2025|2026 UPDATE pregnancies each year are unintended •About half of all unintended pregnancies end in abortion •No method is 100% effective •Religious, ethical, and cultural reasons why women may refuse contraception Initial evaluation for contraceptives - contraindications or risk factors for contraceptives? •Obstetric and GYN history ANSWER •Medical history- any•Physical exam -Pap Smear- when was their last one? -Wet mount -GC/chlamydia DNA probe test HIV & syphillis testing annually if they are sexually active. - ANSWER •Gynecological history and physical exam essential and should address -Risk for STIs and history of BC methods- nothing but condoms reduce risk for STI's. -Sexual dysfunction/concerns -Health promotion (weight gain is it a concern, are they already over weight) -Menstrual cycle information -Medications used (what problems has the patient had in the past with contraceptive methods) -Previous Pap smears and resolutions -Cigarette, alcohol, and drug use/abuse ANSWER •Chance -Failure rate is 85% per year Method of contraception •Coitus Interruptus - ANSWER -Withdrawal of penis before ejaculation -Failure rate is @ 27% -Not ideal, but better than no method - (failure rate similar to barrier methods) -Advantages - no artificial barriers, chemicals, or devices Methods of contraception (chance) - Birth control and disease preventionAbstinence (Natural Family Planning) - avoidance of intercourse during fertile periods method of contraception •Fertility Awareness Method - ANSWER -Periodic-Basal Body Temperature (BBT) and Cervical Mucus Changes - Basal body temp. and cervical mucus characteristics are recorded daily; unprotected intercourse is permitted only after signs of ovulation have subsided -Failure rate is 25% during first year -Can be effective if couples are motivated, but usually requires education Methods of contraception -Barrier Methods - ANSWER •Protect against pregnancy and STIs •Condoms, foams, suppositories, sponge, films, gels, diaphragm •Nonoxyl-9 is a spermicide -Its use may increase the transmission of STIs including HIV •Available OTC (except for diaphragm) •Disadvantage - possible allergic reaction (latex), messy •Failure rate is @ 20% Hormonal contraceptives - ANSWER •Combination birth control pills - both estrogen and progesterone •Progestin-only or minipills •Depo Provera injections •Newer methods - patch, ring, progestin IUD, nexplanon •Do not protect from STIs or HIV •.1 to 5% failure rate (just depends on use) Action of Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs) - ANSWER •Inhibits ovulation •Thins endometrium •Thickens cervical mucus•Must take pill at the same time each day Combination Oral Pill - ANSWER •Estrogen/Progestin combination •28 pill pack -Take 3 weeks of active pills, 1 week of sugar pills -Many different forms •Ovcon, Ortho Tri-Cyclen and so on (lots of different forms) -Relatively inexpensive, easy to obtain and not long term -Can be stopped at any point -Regular cycles, tend to be shorter and lighter -Help with acne noncontraceptive benefits (aka benefits of birth control) - ANSWER •Decreased menstrual flow, cramps, and PMS symptoms, improves acne •Protection against endometrial and ovarian cancer, ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy •Protection against PID •Safe in women over 35 if non-smokers •Good menstrual cycle control (28-365 day regimens) Contraindications of contraceptives - ANSWER **Absolute Contraindications