ACSM CERTIFIED EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGIST ALL
284 TERMS AND EXPLANATION LATEST UPDATE
2025 | VERIFIED ANSWERS
Physical Activity - ANSWER- Any bodily movement produced by
contracting skeletal muscles, with an increase in energy expenditure.
Exercise - ANSWER- Planned, purposeful, repetitive
Physical Fitness - ANSWER- Attributes or characteristics that
individuals have achieved that related to their ability to perform physical
activity
3 metabolic pathways the body uses to creates ATP - ANSWER- 1.
Creatine Phosphate
2. anaerobic glycolysis
3. 0xidative system
Claudication - ANSWER- pain in the leg is induced by exercise, usually
because of an artery obstruction.
Creatine Phosphate system - ANSWER- Small amounts of CP are stored
within each cell. Simple one-to-one trade off that allows for the rapid
production of ATP. ONLY for use during short bouts of exercise. less
that 10 seconds.
Anaerobic glycolysis - ANSWER- No oxygen required. NExt most
immediate energy source. break down carbs (glucose or glycogen) into
pyruvate. Used during medium-duration exercise. no more than about 90
seconds.
,Aerobic glycolysis (oxidative system) - ANSWER- Oxygen dependent.
As exercise intensity decreases allowing for longer duration activities,
use of the oxidative system increases. (Krebs cycle and ETC). Produce
ATP in the mitochondria of the cell--requires oxygen. Lasts longer than
1-2 minutes.
What is VO2? - ANSWER- The volume of oxygen the body consumes.
VO2 max is the highest volume of oxygen the body can consume.
Define Stroke Volume - ANSWER- the volume of blood the heart ejects
with each beat.
How does SV increase with workload? - ANSWER- Similar to HR, it
increases as workload increases but only up to ~40% to 60% of
VO2max. The percentages can be decreases in sedentary individuals and
increased with training.
What happens to resting HR as stroke volume increases? - ANSWER- it
decreases, as more blood being pumped per beat allows the heart to beat
less often.
What is cardiac output? - ANSWER- a measure of blood pumped per
minute. The product of stroke volume and heart rate.
What does Diastolic Blood pressure do during exercise? - ANSWER-
Remains stable or decreases slightly.
What is rate pressure product? - ANSWER- serves as an estimate of
myocardial oxygen demand. Product of HR and Systolic BP. HR X SBP
What is the Fick equation used to determine VO2 max? - ANSWER-
VO2max = HRmax X SVmax X a-VO2 difference max (arteriovenous
oxygen difference)
,What is the gold standard to measure Cardiorespiratory fitness? -
ANSWER- VO2 max during open circuit spirometry.
How does a submaximal exercise test work? - ANSWER- It estimates
VO2 max from the HR response to submaximal single stage or graded
exercise.
absolute oxygen consumption vs. relative oxygen consumption -
ANSWER- absolute is the raw volume of O2 consumed by the body.
Relative is the volume of O2 consumed relative to body weight. Useful
to compare fitness levels between individuals.
What is one of the largest components of PA-related energy
expenditure? - ANSWER- Occupational Physical Ativity
5 Health related physical fitness components - ANSWER-
Cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength,
muscular endurance, and flexibility
6 Skill (performance) related physical fitness components - ANSWER-
Agility, coordination, balance, power, reaction time, and speed
cardiorespiratory endurance - ANSWER- ability of circulatory system
and respiratory system to supply o2 during sustained physical activity
Body composition - ANSWER- relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone,
and other vital parts of the body
Muscular strength - ANSWER- Ability of muscle to exert force
muscular endurance - ANSWER- ability of muscle to continue to
perform without fatigue
flexibility - ANSWER- ROM at a joint. as per the skeletal muscles and
not any external forces.
, Agility - ANSWER- ability to change position of the body in space with
speed and accuracy
coordination - ANSWER- ability to use the senses together with body
parts to perform tasks smoothly and accurately
balance - ANSWER- maintenance of equilibrium while stationary OR
moving
reaction time - ANSWER- time elapsed between stimulation and the
beginning of the reaction to said stimulus
speed - ANSWER- ability to perform a movement within a short period
of time
ACSM's weekly/daily physical activity recommendations - ANSWER-
150 minutes Moderate PA per week (30 min or more most days of the
week), 75 minutes of vigorous intensity
Can most sedentary individuals safely begin a low-to moderate intensity
PA Program without the need for baseline testing or medical clearance?
- ANSWER- Yes indeed
Most common musculoskeletal injuries occur in what area of the body? -
ANSWER- lower body- particularly the knee or foot
Who is most at risk for sudden cardiac death? - ANSWER- Sedentary
individuals performing infrequent exercise
Light PA is defined as - ANSWER- <3 MET's
Moderate PA is defined as - ANSWER- 3 to <6 MET's
Vigorous PA is defined as - ANSWER- >/=6 MET's
284 TERMS AND EXPLANATION LATEST UPDATE
2025 | VERIFIED ANSWERS
Physical Activity - ANSWER- Any bodily movement produced by
contracting skeletal muscles, with an increase in energy expenditure.
Exercise - ANSWER- Planned, purposeful, repetitive
Physical Fitness - ANSWER- Attributes or characteristics that
individuals have achieved that related to their ability to perform physical
activity
3 metabolic pathways the body uses to creates ATP - ANSWER- 1.
Creatine Phosphate
2. anaerobic glycolysis
3. 0xidative system
Claudication - ANSWER- pain in the leg is induced by exercise, usually
because of an artery obstruction.
Creatine Phosphate system - ANSWER- Small amounts of CP are stored
within each cell. Simple one-to-one trade off that allows for the rapid
production of ATP. ONLY for use during short bouts of exercise. less
that 10 seconds.
Anaerobic glycolysis - ANSWER- No oxygen required. NExt most
immediate energy source. break down carbs (glucose or glycogen) into
pyruvate. Used during medium-duration exercise. no more than about 90
seconds.
,Aerobic glycolysis (oxidative system) - ANSWER- Oxygen dependent.
As exercise intensity decreases allowing for longer duration activities,
use of the oxidative system increases. (Krebs cycle and ETC). Produce
ATP in the mitochondria of the cell--requires oxygen. Lasts longer than
1-2 minutes.
What is VO2? - ANSWER- The volume of oxygen the body consumes.
VO2 max is the highest volume of oxygen the body can consume.
Define Stroke Volume - ANSWER- the volume of blood the heart ejects
with each beat.
How does SV increase with workload? - ANSWER- Similar to HR, it
increases as workload increases but only up to ~40% to 60% of
VO2max. The percentages can be decreases in sedentary individuals and
increased with training.
What happens to resting HR as stroke volume increases? - ANSWER- it
decreases, as more blood being pumped per beat allows the heart to beat
less often.
What is cardiac output? - ANSWER- a measure of blood pumped per
minute. The product of stroke volume and heart rate.
What does Diastolic Blood pressure do during exercise? - ANSWER-
Remains stable or decreases slightly.
What is rate pressure product? - ANSWER- serves as an estimate of
myocardial oxygen demand. Product of HR and Systolic BP. HR X SBP
What is the Fick equation used to determine VO2 max? - ANSWER-
VO2max = HRmax X SVmax X a-VO2 difference max (arteriovenous
oxygen difference)
,What is the gold standard to measure Cardiorespiratory fitness? -
ANSWER- VO2 max during open circuit spirometry.
How does a submaximal exercise test work? - ANSWER- It estimates
VO2 max from the HR response to submaximal single stage or graded
exercise.
absolute oxygen consumption vs. relative oxygen consumption -
ANSWER- absolute is the raw volume of O2 consumed by the body.
Relative is the volume of O2 consumed relative to body weight. Useful
to compare fitness levels between individuals.
What is one of the largest components of PA-related energy
expenditure? - ANSWER- Occupational Physical Ativity
5 Health related physical fitness components - ANSWER-
Cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength,
muscular endurance, and flexibility
6 Skill (performance) related physical fitness components - ANSWER-
Agility, coordination, balance, power, reaction time, and speed
cardiorespiratory endurance - ANSWER- ability of circulatory system
and respiratory system to supply o2 during sustained physical activity
Body composition - ANSWER- relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone,
and other vital parts of the body
Muscular strength - ANSWER- Ability of muscle to exert force
muscular endurance - ANSWER- ability of muscle to continue to
perform without fatigue
flexibility - ANSWER- ROM at a joint. as per the skeletal muscles and
not any external forces.
, Agility - ANSWER- ability to change position of the body in space with
speed and accuracy
coordination - ANSWER- ability to use the senses together with body
parts to perform tasks smoothly and accurately
balance - ANSWER- maintenance of equilibrium while stationary OR
moving
reaction time - ANSWER- time elapsed between stimulation and the
beginning of the reaction to said stimulus
speed - ANSWER- ability to perform a movement within a short period
of time
ACSM's weekly/daily physical activity recommendations - ANSWER-
150 minutes Moderate PA per week (30 min or more most days of the
week), 75 minutes of vigorous intensity
Can most sedentary individuals safely begin a low-to moderate intensity
PA Program without the need for baseline testing or medical clearance?
- ANSWER- Yes indeed
Most common musculoskeletal injuries occur in what area of the body? -
ANSWER- lower body- particularly the knee or foot
Who is most at risk for sudden cardiac death? - ANSWER- Sedentary
individuals performing infrequent exercise
Light PA is defined as - ANSWER- <3 MET's
Moderate PA is defined as - ANSWER- 3 to <6 MET's
Vigorous PA is defined as - ANSWER- >/=6 MET's
