Topics and Enquiry Case Study with facts and gures Links to other
Question to which themes within
case studies go with Globalisation
EQ1: Globalisation is a Development of transport and trade
long-standing process C19th Railways: 1904 Trans Siberian Railway connects Moscow, China, Japan
which had accelerated C20th: Containerisation: reduce unit cost of international transport from 30% to 1%, Chinese vessel Cosco is 366m long
because of rapid dev. Aeroplanes: (shrinking world e.g 1900 London to New York- 1900 ship 5 days, 2025 plane 7h =96% decrease)airport hubs connecting
in transport
the world e.g Heathrow handles over 80 M passengers/yr
Development in ICT and global communication, lowers communication costs and lead to time-space compression
M-PESA (2007, Kenya) money transfer with 51M users across Africa by 2023-connects remote rural areas to global digital economy
Social Media: Global social media users: 4.95B (61% of world, 20% increase in Africa since 2020)Black Lives Matter went viral
globally =time-space compression as protests in one country can change worldwide,
Fibre Optics :1.4M km length of all undersea cables, 100x faster than traditional copper accounting for 99% of international data
EQ1: Political/ Econ. International political and economic organisation have contributed to globalisation through the promotion of free trade/FDI
decision making are Political: UN platform for 193 members to cooperate e.g Paris Agreement adopted at COP21 in 2015, SDG: economic development
important factors in Economic: WTO (trade liberalisation) 164 members Covering 98% of global trade, IMF ( nancial stability, economic integration e.g
the acceleration of helped developing economic grow their GDP by an average of 6-8% annually, World Bank (reduce poverty, promote investment) over
globalisation $250B in nancial aid for infrastructure projects
National government are key players in promoting free trade blocks and policies
Free Trade Blocs: EU 549M people- 27 countries, free movement/Protectionism: EU-10% tari s on Chinas EVs including BYD
electric cars to protect EU manufacturers as Chinese govt has been subsidising industry, free market liberalisation, privatisation
Special economic zones, government subsidies and attitudes to FDI (China’s 1978 Open Door Policy) increased globalisation
1976: Xiaoping took power loosened govt control to a mixed economy: Open Door Policy to encourage FDI: 4 SEZs set up in 1980
e.g Shenzhen, China biggest trading nation in 2013, China relieves $190B by 2022
EQ1: Globalisation Degree of globalisation varies by country, indications and indices: AT Kearney index,KOF index Political factors are
has a ected some AT Kearney: 12 indicators spread across 4 categories (political, tech, social, economic) only includes 62 countries (though 84% of the most important
places and population and 96% of global GDP, heavy weighting on ICT allows US to gain higher index scores despite low political engagement factor in making a
organisation more KOF: 24 indicators spread over political, economic, social characteristics, internal ows between country are not recorded, takes into country disconnected
since it prevents
than others account small EU countries like Netherlands, bias favours EU trade block as it measure globalisation through a Western brands
intervention and
TNCs are important in globalisation, contributing to its spread (global production networks, globalisation and the
a ects all aspects of
development of new markets)/outsourcing and o shoring globalisation (trade…)
Jaguar Land Rover:Uk largest automotive manufacturer opened by Indian TNC Tata
Historical, physical, political, economic, reasons for countries being “switched o ” (Zambia, North Korea, Tanzania)
Physical environment: Zambia-landlocked (worlds eight largest produced of raw materials but struggles to trade) H) developed
Benguela rail links (paid by Chinese) to carry copper exports to Angola coast. *political MIF as it fosters unity between countries*
Political factors: North Korea, Kim Jong-Un prevents citizens from accessing social media= no undersea data cabins
Economic development (limits trade): Tanzania raw cotton market that uctuates: $0.40/kg to $2.00=farmers grow when prices are
high=overproduction=limit export income= fewer imports H)Tanzam railway (inv. India/ China) goods ow with less economic pressure
Question to which themes within
case studies go with Globalisation
EQ1: Globalisation is a Development of transport and trade
long-standing process C19th Railways: 1904 Trans Siberian Railway connects Moscow, China, Japan
which had accelerated C20th: Containerisation: reduce unit cost of international transport from 30% to 1%, Chinese vessel Cosco is 366m long
because of rapid dev. Aeroplanes: (shrinking world e.g 1900 London to New York- 1900 ship 5 days, 2025 plane 7h =96% decrease)airport hubs connecting
in transport
the world e.g Heathrow handles over 80 M passengers/yr
Development in ICT and global communication, lowers communication costs and lead to time-space compression
M-PESA (2007, Kenya) money transfer with 51M users across Africa by 2023-connects remote rural areas to global digital economy
Social Media: Global social media users: 4.95B (61% of world, 20% increase in Africa since 2020)Black Lives Matter went viral
globally =time-space compression as protests in one country can change worldwide,
Fibre Optics :1.4M km length of all undersea cables, 100x faster than traditional copper accounting for 99% of international data
EQ1: Political/ Econ. International political and economic organisation have contributed to globalisation through the promotion of free trade/FDI
decision making are Political: UN platform for 193 members to cooperate e.g Paris Agreement adopted at COP21 in 2015, SDG: economic development
important factors in Economic: WTO (trade liberalisation) 164 members Covering 98% of global trade, IMF ( nancial stability, economic integration e.g
the acceleration of helped developing economic grow their GDP by an average of 6-8% annually, World Bank (reduce poverty, promote investment) over
globalisation $250B in nancial aid for infrastructure projects
National government are key players in promoting free trade blocks and policies
Free Trade Blocs: EU 549M people- 27 countries, free movement/Protectionism: EU-10% tari s on Chinas EVs including BYD
electric cars to protect EU manufacturers as Chinese govt has been subsidising industry, free market liberalisation, privatisation
Special economic zones, government subsidies and attitudes to FDI (China’s 1978 Open Door Policy) increased globalisation
1976: Xiaoping took power loosened govt control to a mixed economy: Open Door Policy to encourage FDI: 4 SEZs set up in 1980
e.g Shenzhen, China biggest trading nation in 2013, China relieves $190B by 2022
EQ1: Globalisation Degree of globalisation varies by country, indications and indices: AT Kearney index,KOF index Political factors are
has a ected some AT Kearney: 12 indicators spread across 4 categories (political, tech, social, economic) only includes 62 countries (though 84% of the most important
places and population and 96% of global GDP, heavy weighting on ICT allows US to gain higher index scores despite low political engagement factor in making a
organisation more KOF: 24 indicators spread over political, economic, social characteristics, internal ows between country are not recorded, takes into country disconnected
since it prevents
than others account small EU countries like Netherlands, bias favours EU trade block as it measure globalisation through a Western brands
intervention and
TNCs are important in globalisation, contributing to its spread (global production networks, globalisation and the
a ects all aspects of
development of new markets)/outsourcing and o shoring globalisation (trade…)
Jaguar Land Rover:Uk largest automotive manufacturer opened by Indian TNC Tata
Historical, physical, political, economic, reasons for countries being “switched o ” (Zambia, North Korea, Tanzania)
Physical environment: Zambia-landlocked (worlds eight largest produced of raw materials but struggles to trade) H) developed
Benguela rail links (paid by Chinese) to carry copper exports to Angola coast. *political MIF as it fosters unity between countries*
Political factors: North Korea, Kim Jong-Un prevents citizens from accessing social media= no undersea data cabins
Economic development (limits trade): Tanzania raw cotton market that uctuates: $0.40/kg to $2.00=farmers grow when prices are
high=overproduction=limit export income= fewer imports H)Tanzam railway (inv. India/ China) goods ow with less economic pressure
