NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+||GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING
Left anterior descending (LAD) - ANSWER:-Supplies left and right ventricle
• If this is partially blocked=very severe and patient can quickly decompensate
• Treat: cath lab !@#$%^&
• Term it as the, "Widow maker." *((*&^%$#
@!@#$%^
Cardiac output - ANSWER:Volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in 1 minute &*&^%$#
Stroke Volume - ANSWER:Amount of blood ejected by the ventricle with EACH @!#$%^
CONTRACTION
Preload - ANSWER:Mechanical state of the heart at the end of diastole with the
ventricles at their maximum volume
• Increased preload increases stroke volume
• Decreased preload decreases stroke volume
Afterload - ANSWER:Force required to eject blood from the ventricles
Ejection Fraction - ANSWER:Fraction of blood ejected by the left ventricle during
systole
· Increased EF results from sympathetic stimulation
· Decreased EF is primary symptom of ventricular failure
Cardiac reserve - ANSWER:Ability of the heart to increase output in response to
increased demand
Factors that affect Myocardial Oxygen supply - ANSWER:Coronary artery anatomy
Diastolic pressure
Diastolic filling time
O2 supply vs O2 demand
Blood Pressure - ANSWER:is the pressure in the aorta caused by the left ventricle as
blood is pumped
Systolic Blood Pressure - ANSWER:arterial pressure during ventricular contraction
• Affected by Stroke Volume, Aortic stiffness, and ejection velocity
Diastolic Blood pressure - ANSWER:Arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation
, NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+||GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING
• Affected by total peripheral resistance, heart rate
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANSWER:average pressure in the arteries during !@#$%^&
cardiac cycle *((*&^%$#
@!@#$%^
Blood pressure categories-Normal - ANSWER:· Systolic: Less than 120 &*&^%$#
· Diastolic: less than 80
@!#$%^
Blood pressure categories- Elevated - ANSWER:· Systolic: 120-129
· Diastolic: less than 80
Blood pressure categories- High BP (hypertension) Stage 1 - ANSWER:· Systolic: 130-
139
· Diastolic: 80-89
Blood pressure categories- High BP (hypertension) Stage 2 - ANSWER:· Systolic: 140
or higher
· Diastolic: 90 or higher
Blood pressure categories- Hypertensive crisis (consult doctor immediately) -
ANSWER:· Systolic: higher than 180
· Diastolic: higher than 120
Orthostatic Hypotension - ANSWER:· Decrease in both systolic and diastolic pressures
with standing
Primary/idiopathic Hypertension - ANSWER:• Cause of at least 90% of those with HTN
• Chronic and progressive
• Often no symptoms
• Sustained BP of great than 140/90
Causes of HTN - ANSWER:· Multi-causal increase in total peripheral resistance
o We have to work harder to get through peripheral vessels
· Possible defect in sodium excretion
· High metabolic demands of increased body mass
· Smooth muscle hypertrophy
IF HTN is not treated the following can occur - ANSWER:· Retinal changes
· Renal disease (nephrosclerosis)
· Cardiac disease (coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure)
· Neurologic disease (stroke, dementia, encephalopathy)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+||GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING
Left anterior descending (LAD) - ANSWER:-Supplies left and right ventricle
• If this is partially blocked=very severe and patient can quickly decompensate
• Treat: cath lab !@#$%^&
• Term it as the, "Widow maker." *((*&^%$#
@!@#$%^
Cardiac output - ANSWER:Volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in 1 minute &*&^%$#
Stroke Volume - ANSWER:Amount of blood ejected by the ventricle with EACH @!#$%^
CONTRACTION
Preload - ANSWER:Mechanical state of the heart at the end of diastole with the
ventricles at their maximum volume
• Increased preload increases stroke volume
• Decreased preload decreases stroke volume
Afterload - ANSWER:Force required to eject blood from the ventricles
Ejection Fraction - ANSWER:Fraction of blood ejected by the left ventricle during
systole
· Increased EF results from sympathetic stimulation
· Decreased EF is primary symptom of ventricular failure
Cardiac reserve - ANSWER:Ability of the heart to increase output in response to
increased demand
Factors that affect Myocardial Oxygen supply - ANSWER:Coronary artery anatomy
Diastolic pressure
Diastolic filling time
O2 supply vs O2 demand
Blood Pressure - ANSWER:is the pressure in the aorta caused by the left ventricle as
blood is pumped
Systolic Blood Pressure - ANSWER:arterial pressure during ventricular contraction
• Affected by Stroke Volume, Aortic stiffness, and ejection velocity
Diastolic Blood pressure - ANSWER:Arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation
, NUR 242 MED SURG EXAM 3 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+||GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING
• Affected by total peripheral resistance, heart rate
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANSWER:average pressure in the arteries during !@#$%^&
cardiac cycle *((*&^%$#
@!@#$%^
Blood pressure categories-Normal - ANSWER:· Systolic: Less than 120 &*&^%$#
· Diastolic: less than 80
@!#$%^
Blood pressure categories- Elevated - ANSWER:· Systolic: 120-129
· Diastolic: less than 80
Blood pressure categories- High BP (hypertension) Stage 1 - ANSWER:· Systolic: 130-
139
· Diastolic: 80-89
Blood pressure categories- High BP (hypertension) Stage 2 - ANSWER:· Systolic: 140
or higher
· Diastolic: 90 or higher
Blood pressure categories- Hypertensive crisis (consult doctor immediately) -
ANSWER:· Systolic: higher than 180
· Diastolic: higher than 120
Orthostatic Hypotension - ANSWER:· Decrease in both systolic and diastolic pressures
with standing
Primary/idiopathic Hypertension - ANSWER:• Cause of at least 90% of those with HTN
• Chronic and progressive
• Often no symptoms
• Sustained BP of great than 140/90
Causes of HTN - ANSWER:· Multi-causal increase in total peripheral resistance
o We have to work harder to get through peripheral vessels
· Possible defect in sodium excretion
· High metabolic demands of increased body mass
· Smooth muscle hypertrophy
IF HTN is not treated the following can occur - ANSWER:· Retinal changes
· Renal disease (nephrosclerosis)
· Cardiac disease (coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure)
· Neurologic disease (stroke, dementia, encephalopathy)
