HDE 100A FINAL PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
In this course, we'll define development as - Answers :Patterned, purposive change
over time
Independent variable - Answers :Variable that manipulates another variable
Dependent variable - Answers :Variable that may change another result of a variable
At one time point during the fall semester, Professor Zingaard collects data from a
sample of college students to investigate age trends. This is most likely an example of
what type of research? - Answers :cross-sectional
What is broadly considered to be a "gold standard" for research designs, especially in
clinical settings? - Answers :Randomized Controlled Trials
____________ assesses how likely a study is to be consistent across time and across
samples. _____________ assesses whether a study measured what it intended to
measure. - Answers :reliability, validity
Research increasingly supports the idea of ____________________ , which indicates
that sensitivity to any particular experience differs from one person to another because
of that individual person's genetic makeup and/or prior experiences. - Answers
:differential susceptibility
Dr. Janae tells you that development is "an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between
individuals and their environments." This most likely reflects which approach? - Answers
:dynamic systems
Which of the following psychologists believed that children were "little scientists"? -
Answers :piaget
Of the following theories, which would most likely explain human development based on
unconscious drives and motives that often originate in childhood? - Answers
:psychoanalytic theory
classical conditioning - Answers :learning occurs through natural responses
operant conditioning - Answers :learning occurs through reinforcement and punishment
social cognitive theory - Answers :learning occurs when people model behavior displays
Constructivism - Answers :learning occurs when people construct representations of the
world
, A common consensus among people who study human development calls for a/an
sociocultural theory , which stems from choosing the most appropriate elements of
many different theories to explain development. - Answers :eclectic perspective
You were talking to a scientist who emphasized "how genes are selected over
generations to enhance survival and reproduction, allowing humans to adjust to their
environments." This most likely represents which concept? - Answers :selective
adaption
A teacher says, "I base my teaching on a firm belief that environmental inputs drive
development, as children are passive recipients of reinforced learning." What theory is
most likely the basis for this? - Answers :behaviorism
People often overlook fathers' experiences of pregnancy and birth. These experiences
are referred to as - Answers :couvade
In studying development, you'll need to differentiate two types of twins. ____________
twins (about 1/60 conceptions) develop from two ova being fertilized by two
spermatozoa. ____________ twins (about 1/250 pregnancies) develop when one ovum
is fertilized by one sperm but the zygote "cleaves" in two. - Answers :dizygotic,
monozygotic
Which of the following concepts represents what happens "beyond the genes" when
environmental factors influence genes and their expression? - Answers :epigenetics
Sometimes, a person's genotype will include a gene (or genes) not expressed in
phenotype. This is often referred to as being a - Answers :carrier
Amygalda - Answers :registers emotions
hippocampus - Answers :central processor of memory
prefrontal cortex - Answers :part of frontal lobe responsible for thinking, planning, and
language
Hypothalamus - Answers :responds to amygdala and hippocampus to produce
hormones
________________ refers to the overproduction of dendrites early in life. Typically,
____________ will occur, in which excess available connections will be eliminated. This
leaves the brain ____________ , able to reorganize and change in response to its
environment. - Answers :transient exuberance, synaptic pruning, plastic
In the brain, ____________ communicate by firing, or sending electrochemical impusles
through their _________ to _________ to be picked up by other dendrites. - Answers
:neurons, axons, synapses
In this course, we'll define development as - Answers :Patterned, purposive change
over time
Independent variable - Answers :Variable that manipulates another variable
Dependent variable - Answers :Variable that may change another result of a variable
At one time point during the fall semester, Professor Zingaard collects data from a
sample of college students to investigate age trends. This is most likely an example of
what type of research? - Answers :cross-sectional
What is broadly considered to be a "gold standard" for research designs, especially in
clinical settings? - Answers :Randomized Controlled Trials
____________ assesses how likely a study is to be consistent across time and across
samples. _____________ assesses whether a study measured what it intended to
measure. - Answers :reliability, validity
Research increasingly supports the idea of ____________________ , which indicates
that sensitivity to any particular experience differs from one person to another because
of that individual person's genetic makeup and/or prior experiences. - Answers
:differential susceptibility
Dr. Janae tells you that development is "an ongoing, ever-changing interaction between
individuals and their environments." This most likely reflects which approach? - Answers
:dynamic systems
Which of the following psychologists believed that children were "little scientists"? -
Answers :piaget
Of the following theories, which would most likely explain human development based on
unconscious drives and motives that often originate in childhood? - Answers
:psychoanalytic theory
classical conditioning - Answers :learning occurs through natural responses
operant conditioning - Answers :learning occurs through reinforcement and punishment
social cognitive theory - Answers :learning occurs when people model behavior displays
Constructivism - Answers :learning occurs when people construct representations of the
world
, A common consensus among people who study human development calls for a/an
sociocultural theory , which stems from choosing the most appropriate elements of
many different theories to explain development. - Answers :eclectic perspective
You were talking to a scientist who emphasized "how genes are selected over
generations to enhance survival and reproduction, allowing humans to adjust to their
environments." This most likely represents which concept? - Answers :selective
adaption
A teacher says, "I base my teaching on a firm belief that environmental inputs drive
development, as children are passive recipients of reinforced learning." What theory is
most likely the basis for this? - Answers :behaviorism
People often overlook fathers' experiences of pregnancy and birth. These experiences
are referred to as - Answers :couvade
In studying development, you'll need to differentiate two types of twins. ____________
twins (about 1/60 conceptions) develop from two ova being fertilized by two
spermatozoa. ____________ twins (about 1/250 pregnancies) develop when one ovum
is fertilized by one sperm but the zygote "cleaves" in two. - Answers :dizygotic,
monozygotic
Which of the following concepts represents what happens "beyond the genes" when
environmental factors influence genes and their expression? - Answers :epigenetics
Sometimes, a person's genotype will include a gene (or genes) not expressed in
phenotype. This is often referred to as being a - Answers :carrier
Amygalda - Answers :registers emotions
hippocampus - Answers :central processor of memory
prefrontal cortex - Answers :part of frontal lobe responsible for thinking, planning, and
language
Hypothalamus - Answers :responds to amygdala and hippocampus to produce
hormones
________________ refers to the overproduction of dendrites early in life. Typically,
____________ will occur, in which excess available connections will be eliminated. This
leaves the brain ____________ , able to reorganize and change in response to its
environment. - Answers :transient exuberance, synaptic pruning, plastic
In the brain, ____________ communicate by firing, or sending electrochemical impusles
through their _________ to _________ to be picked up by other dendrites. - Answers
:neurons, axons, synapses
