PA EFDA board exam study guide 2024 with
correct answers 100% 2025 update
Marginal ridge - Correct AnswerRidge or elevation of enamel forming the margin of the
surface of a tooth; specifically at the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces
of premolars and molars, and the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of
incisors and canines.
Triangular ridge - Correct AnswerAn elevation of enamel that descends from the cusp
into the middle area of the occlusal surface
Transverse ridge - Correct AnswerRidge formed by joining of two triangular ridges
crossing occlusal table transversely or from buccal to lingual outline
Oblique ridge - Correct AnswerTransverse ridge that crosses occlusal table obliquely
from mesiolingual to distobuccal on most maxillary molars
Bifurcated - Correct AnswerSingle tooth with 2 roots
Cementum - Correct AnswerSpecialized, calcified connective tissue that covers the
anatomic root of a tooth
CEJ (cementoenamel junction) - Correct Answerwhere the cementum and enamel meet
Cingulumn - Correct AnswerSmall bump near cervical third on lingual side
Enamel - Correct Answerhard, outermost layer of a tooth
DEJ (dentinoenamel junction) - Correct AnswerWhere the dentin and enamel meet
Fissure - Correct Answerdeep groove, incomplete closure of lobes
Fossae - Correct AnswerMajor depression on occlusal surface of tooth
Periodontal Lingament (PDL) - Correct AnswerFibers that connect tooth to bone
Periodontium - Correct Answerconsists of the bone and soft tissues that surround and
support the teeth
Pulp - Correct AnswerThe tissue that contains the blood vessels and nerves of a tooth.
Feels pain
Sulcus - Correct AnswerUnattached free gingiva - gingiva crevice
, Pit - Correct AnswerA small pinpoint depression on the surface of a tooth that is caused
by the failure of the union of the developmental grooves
Cusp - Correct AnswerMajor elevation or convexity on the masticatory surfaces of
canines and posterior teeth
Ridge - Correct Answera linear elevation of enamel found on the tooth
Clinical crown - Correct AnswerThat portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity
Anatomical crown - Correct AnswerPortion of the tooth that is covered with enamel
(non-visible)
Dentin - Correct AnswerDense tissue forming the bulk of a tooth
Function of anterior teeth - Correct AnswerTear/ cut food without heavy force
Function of posterior teeth - Correct AnswerCrush/ grind food with heavy force
Tooth Numbering systems - Correct Answeruniversal/national numbering system,
federation dentaire internationale (fdi, ISO), palmer notation system
Attrition - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth structure from Tooth to tooth contact
Abrasion - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth by brushing habits, mechanical motions
Abfraction - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth structure by Uneven forces at gingival
margin
Erosion - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth from bacteria; acids and diet
Acellular cementum - Correct AnswerCannot be repaired. Located at cervical third of
apex
Causes of Trauma to pulp - Correct AnswerAir, temperature, pressure, materials
Cellular cementum - Correct AnswerCan be repaired. located at apical third
Base - Correct AnswerThick layer at pulpal floor that Provides thermal insulation.
Needed if there is less than 0.5mm of dentin remaining
Liner - Correct AnswerThin layer placed at pulpal floor to protect against chemical
irritation. Can be used as a pulp cap
correct answers 100% 2025 update
Marginal ridge - Correct AnswerRidge or elevation of enamel forming the margin of the
surface of a tooth; specifically at the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces
of premolars and molars, and the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of
incisors and canines.
Triangular ridge - Correct AnswerAn elevation of enamel that descends from the cusp
into the middle area of the occlusal surface
Transverse ridge - Correct AnswerRidge formed by joining of two triangular ridges
crossing occlusal table transversely or from buccal to lingual outline
Oblique ridge - Correct AnswerTransverse ridge that crosses occlusal table obliquely
from mesiolingual to distobuccal on most maxillary molars
Bifurcated - Correct AnswerSingle tooth with 2 roots
Cementum - Correct AnswerSpecialized, calcified connective tissue that covers the
anatomic root of a tooth
CEJ (cementoenamel junction) - Correct Answerwhere the cementum and enamel meet
Cingulumn - Correct AnswerSmall bump near cervical third on lingual side
Enamel - Correct Answerhard, outermost layer of a tooth
DEJ (dentinoenamel junction) - Correct AnswerWhere the dentin and enamel meet
Fissure - Correct Answerdeep groove, incomplete closure of lobes
Fossae - Correct AnswerMajor depression on occlusal surface of tooth
Periodontal Lingament (PDL) - Correct AnswerFibers that connect tooth to bone
Periodontium - Correct Answerconsists of the bone and soft tissues that surround and
support the teeth
Pulp - Correct AnswerThe tissue that contains the blood vessels and nerves of a tooth.
Feels pain
Sulcus - Correct AnswerUnattached free gingiva - gingiva crevice
, Pit - Correct AnswerA small pinpoint depression on the surface of a tooth that is caused
by the failure of the union of the developmental grooves
Cusp - Correct AnswerMajor elevation or convexity on the masticatory surfaces of
canines and posterior teeth
Ridge - Correct Answera linear elevation of enamel found on the tooth
Clinical crown - Correct AnswerThat portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity
Anatomical crown - Correct AnswerPortion of the tooth that is covered with enamel
(non-visible)
Dentin - Correct AnswerDense tissue forming the bulk of a tooth
Function of anterior teeth - Correct AnswerTear/ cut food without heavy force
Function of posterior teeth - Correct AnswerCrush/ grind food with heavy force
Tooth Numbering systems - Correct Answeruniversal/national numbering system,
federation dentaire internationale (fdi, ISO), palmer notation system
Attrition - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth structure from Tooth to tooth contact
Abrasion - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth by brushing habits, mechanical motions
Abfraction - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth structure by Uneven forces at gingival
margin
Erosion - Correct AnswerWearing away tooth from bacteria; acids and diet
Acellular cementum - Correct AnswerCannot be repaired. Located at cervical third of
apex
Causes of Trauma to pulp - Correct AnswerAir, temperature, pressure, materials
Cellular cementum - Correct AnswerCan be repaired. located at apical third
Base - Correct AnswerThick layer at pulpal floor that Provides thermal insulation.
Needed if there is less than 0.5mm of dentin remaining
Liner - Correct AnswerThin layer placed at pulpal floor to protect against chemical
irritation. Can be used as a pulp cap
