ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
What is the criteria for chorioamnionitis? How would you treat? - ANSWER Maternal Fever >38 plus one
of the following....
-Uterine tenderness
-Fetal tachycardia (>160bpm)
-Maternal leukocytosis
-Maternal tachycardia
-Foul-smelling amniotic fluid
Tx: Amp+ gent OR Clinda + Gent (if allergic to amp)
76 yo is brought by her daughter who is concerned about her mother's memory. 6 months ago,
daughter took over mom's checkbook after she failed to pay bills. Her mother seems unable to knit,
something she enjoyed for years. She has difficulty finding the words to complete a thought. Dx?
A. PT has dementia
B. Pt is delirious
C. The patient is depressed
D. The pt has mild cog impairment - ANSWER The patient has dementia
-Progressive impairment
-Lead to loss of social and functional abilities
Greatest risk factor for developing dementia?
A. Family Hx
B. Phys Activity
C. Aging
D. Lack of mental exercise - ANSWER Aging
,ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
What is Mild Cognitive Impairment? - ANSWER -Complaint of memory impairment
-Objective memory loss
-Preserved general cog fnx
-Intact activities of daily living
-High risk of developing dementia
80 yo with 1yr becoming more sedentary w/difficulty completing ADLs, 2 falls. Stepwise progression of
deficits, can't manage finances, no change in mood/personality. PMHx of diabetes, smoker, HTN. R grip
is weaker vs L, no tremor. 1/5 on mini-cog test and the pt attempts to joke about not being able to
perform word recall.
A. Alzheimer's
B. Lewy Body
C. Vascular
D. Frontotemporal - ANSWER C. Vascular
-Hint is that it is stepwise progression
-Preserved personality, but emotional incontinence
69yo with rigidity, short-stepped gait, and masked facies. He also has become more forgetful (mini-cog
2/5). Family thinks he sees things that aren't real.
What kind of dementia? - ANSWER Lewy Body
-Dementia
-Parkinsonism + visual hallucinations
-Significant visuospatial deficits
64 yo brought in after exposing himself in public. He has also been urinating in the kitchen sink and
refuses to bathe. MMSE 26/30. Has some word-finding difficulties - ANSWER Frontotemporal
Key is this starts younger
,ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
First thing is behavioral issues
76 yo, difficulty walking and his "feet seem stuck together." Gait is widened, but arm swing is
maintained. Mild memory loss. Urge incontinence. - ANSWER Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
-Key here is that the arm swing is maintained (less likely Parkinson's)
84 yo rapidly progressive dementia over 4 months. Has low-grade fever, very rigid, and has myoclonic
jerks when startled. EEG shows triphasic sharp wave complexes - ANSWER Creutzfeldt-Jakob Dz
-Rapid with myoclonus
-Tend to be younger, viral-like prions
Which is proven to be protective against dementia?
A. Estrogen
B. Educational attainment
C. Vit E
D Turmeric - ANSWER Educational Attainment
USPSTF: Screening guideline for AAA - ANSWER Men ages 65-75 one time who have ever smoked
You identify a AAA in your pt. At what size should you refer for surgical intervention?
A. 3-3.5
B. 4-4.5
C. 5-5.5
D. 6-6.5 - ANSWER 5-5.5
How often should you monitor a 3-3.9 cm AAA? - ANSWER Every 36 months
How often should you monitor a 4-4.9cm AAA? - ANSWER Every 12 months
, ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
How often should you monitor a 5-5.4 cm AAA? - ANSWER Every 6 months
Most common cause of AAA - ANSWER Atherosclerosis
Most common cause of Aortic Dissection - ANSWER HTN (2 lumen problem)
68 yo M presents with aching pain in both thighs after walking 1 block. Pain subsides 1-2 mins after he
stops ambulating. The best initial test is:
A. ABI
B. Bil leg US
C. PVRs
D MRA of LE - ANSWER A. ABI
What is a normal ABI? - ANSWER 0.9-1.4
What if you have a very high ABI? - ANSWER Noncompressible arteries (calcified likely)
When obtaining ABI, AHA/ACC recommends obtaining the systolic BP in both arms and using the higher
of the readings. However, if a difference in systolic BP >20mmHg between the arms, what is the most
likely dx? - ANSWER Subclavian Artery Stenosis
What medication can be given to help with pain with claudication? - ANSWER Cilostazol
72 yo F comes with sudden, severe R leg pain from knees to toes. PMHx HTN, DB. Vitals 160/90, pulse
120 and irregular, afebrile. R leg is cool to touch, pale in color, you're unable to obtain a posterior tibial
or dorsalis pedis pulse. At this point, you should
A. Start heparin and immediately consult vasc sx
B. Immediately obtain US of the lower extremity
solutions latest 2025.
ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
What is the criteria for chorioamnionitis? How would you treat? - ANSWER Maternal Fever >38 plus one
of the following....
-Uterine tenderness
-Fetal tachycardia (>160bpm)
-Maternal leukocytosis
-Maternal tachycardia
-Foul-smelling amniotic fluid
Tx: Amp+ gent OR Clinda + Gent (if allergic to amp)
76 yo is brought by her daughter who is concerned about her mother's memory. 6 months ago,
daughter took over mom's checkbook after she failed to pay bills. Her mother seems unable to knit,
something she enjoyed for years. She has difficulty finding the words to complete a thought. Dx?
A. PT has dementia
B. Pt is delirious
C. The patient is depressed
D. The pt has mild cog impairment - ANSWER The patient has dementia
-Progressive impairment
-Lead to loss of social and functional abilities
Greatest risk factor for developing dementia?
A. Family Hx
B. Phys Activity
C. Aging
D. Lack of mental exercise - ANSWER Aging
,ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
What is Mild Cognitive Impairment? - ANSWER -Complaint of memory impairment
-Objective memory loss
-Preserved general cog fnx
-Intact activities of daily living
-High risk of developing dementia
80 yo with 1yr becoming more sedentary w/difficulty completing ADLs, 2 falls. Stepwise progression of
deficits, can't manage finances, no change in mood/personality. PMHx of diabetes, smoker, HTN. R grip
is weaker vs L, no tremor. 1/5 on mini-cog test and the pt attempts to joke about not being able to
perform word recall.
A. Alzheimer's
B. Lewy Body
C. Vascular
D. Frontotemporal - ANSWER C. Vascular
-Hint is that it is stepwise progression
-Preserved personality, but emotional incontinence
69yo with rigidity, short-stepped gait, and masked facies. He also has become more forgetful (mini-cog
2/5). Family thinks he sees things that aren't real.
What kind of dementia? - ANSWER Lewy Body
-Dementia
-Parkinsonism + visual hallucinations
-Significant visuospatial deficits
64 yo brought in after exposing himself in public. He has also been urinating in the kitchen sink and
refuses to bathe. MMSE 26/30. Has some word-finding difficulties - ANSWER Frontotemporal
Key is this starts younger
,ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
First thing is behavioral issues
76 yo, difficulty walking and his "feet seem stuck together." Gait is widened, but arm swing is
maintained. Mild memory loss. Urge incontinence. - ANSWER Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
-Key here is that the arm swing is maintained (less likely Parkinson's)
84 yo rapidly progressive dementia over 4 months. Has low-grade fever, very rigid, and has myoclonic
jerks when startled. EEG shows triphasic sharp wave complexes - ANSWER Creutzfeldt-Jakob Dz
-Rapid with myoclonus
-Tend to be younger, viral-like prions
Which is proven to be protective against dementia?
A. Estrogen
B. Educational attainment
C. Vit E
D Turmeric - ANSWER Educational Attainment
USPSTF: Screening guideline for AAA - ANSWER Men ages 65-75 one time who have ever smoked
You identify a AAA in your pt. At what size should you refer for surgical intervention?
A. 3-3.5
B. 4-4.5
C. 5-5.5
D. 6-6.5 - ANSWER 5-5.5
How often should you monitor a 3-3.9 cm AAA? - ANSWER Every 36 months
How often should you monitor a 4-4.9cm AAA? - ANSWER Every 12 months
, ABFM Board Review 517 Detailed
solutions latest 2025.
How often should you monitor a 5-5.4 cm AAA? - ANSWER Every 6 months
Most common cause of AAA - ANSWER Atherosclerosis
Most common cause of Aortic Dissection - ANSWER HTN (2 lumen problem)
68 yo M presents with aching pain in both thighs after walking 1 block. Pain subsides 1-2 mins after he
stops ambulating. The best initial test is:
A. ABI
B. Bil leg US
C. PVRs
D MRA of LE - ANSWER A. ABI
What is a normal ABI? - ANSWER 0.9-1.4
What if you have a very high ABI? - ANSWER Noncompressible arteries (calcified likely)
When obtaining ABI, AHA/ACC recommends obtaining the systolic BP in both arms and using the higher
of the readings. However, if a difference in systolic BP >20mmHg between the arms, what is the most
likely dx? - ANSWER Subclavian Artery Stenosis
What medication can be given to help with pain with claudication? - ANSWER Cilostazol
72 yo F comes with sudden, severe R leg pain from knees to toes. PMHx HTN, DB. Vitals 160/90, pulse
120 and irregular, afebrile. R leg is cool to touch, pale in color, you're unable to obtain a posterior tibial
or dorsalis pedis pulse. At this point, you should
A. Start heparin and immediately consult vasc sx
B. Immediately obtain US of the lower extremity
