PRN 1178 Exam 2 Study Guide questions with answers,

PRN 1178 Exam 2 Study Guide /| /| /| /| /| /|




questions with answers /| /|




What is Acid-Base balance? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



maintenance of hydrogen ion concentration in the blood and /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



tissue fluids so that body can function properly. Necessary for
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



homeostasis.


Normal pH range? What is considered Acidic? What is considered
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



alkalotic? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔7.35-7.45
/| /| /| /|




(Below 7.35 = Acidity)
/| /| /|




(Above 7.45= Alkaline) /| /|




What body systems regulate acid-base balance? - CORRECT
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



ANSWERS ✔✔Buffers, Kidneys, and Lungs /| /| /| /|




Respiratory Acidosis Common Causes? - CORRECT ANSWERS
/| /| /| /| /| /| /|



✔✔Acute Airway Obstruction, COPD, Asthma, Pulmonary Edema,
/| /| /| /| /| /| /|



Opiate Overdose, Pneumonia, Atelectasis
/| /| /|




How might a patient present with respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



ANSWERS ✔✔Hypoventilation/hypoxia, Rapid Shallow
/| /| /| /|



Respirations, Decreased BP with vasodilation, Dyspnea, Headache, /| /| /| /| /| /|



Hyperkalemia, Dysrhythmias, Drowsiness, Dizziness,
/| /| /| /| /|



Disorientation, Muscle Weakness, Hyperreflexia, /| /| /|

, Prevention Strategies Acid-Base Imbalances? - CORRECT
/| /| /| /| /| /|



ANSWERS ✔✔Healthy diet, exercise, limit alcohol consumption,
/| /| /| /| /| /| /|



Drink 6-8 cups of water per day, maintain healthy weight, refrain
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



from smoking, manage stree
/| /| /|




Common Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



✔✔Hyperventilation (anxiety, fear), Mechanical Ventilation, High /| /| /| /| /| /|



Fever/Sepsis, Prolonged Sunctioning, Pain, Alcohol Withdrawal.
/| /| /| /| /|




Common Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



✔✔Diarrhea, Renal Failure, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Hyperkalemia,
/| /| /| /| /| /|



Alcoholism


Compensating Mechanisms for Metabolic Acidosis - CORRECT /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



ANSWERS ✔✔Kussmaul Respirations /| /|




Common Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



✔✔Vomitting, Excessive Gastric Suctioning, Hypokalemia, Excess
/| /| /| /| /| /|



use of Antacids, Steroid Therapy, Potent Diuretic Use
/| /| /| /| /| /| /|




What are ABG's? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Arterial Blood Gases
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|




pH 7.35-7.45 <7.34 acid >7.45 base
/| /| /| /| /|




PaCO2 35-45mmHg >45 acid <35 base
/| /| /| /| /|




HCO3 22-26mEq/L <22 acid >26 base
/| /| /| /| /|