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Exam (elaborations)

PRN 1178 Exam 2 Study Guide questions with answers,

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PRN 1178 Exam 2 Study Guide questions with answers,

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PRN 1178 Exam 2 Study Guide /| /| /| /| /| /|




questions with answers /| /|




What is Acid-Base balance? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The
/| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



maintenance of hydrogen ion concentration in the blood and /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



tissue fluids so that body can function properly. Necessary for
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homeostasis.


Normal pH range? What is considered Acidic? What is considered
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alkalotic? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔7.35-7.45
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(Below 7.35 = Acidity)
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(Above 7.45= Alkaline) /| /|




What body systems regulate acid-base balance? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Buffers, Kidneys, and Lungs /| /| /| /|




Respiratory Acidosis Common Causes? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Acute Airway Obstruction, COPD, Asthma, Pulmonary Edema,
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Opiate Overdose, Pneumonia, Atelectasis
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How might a patient present with respiratory acidosis? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Hypoventilation/hypoxia, Rapid Shallow
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Respirations, Decreased BP with vasodilation, Dyspnea, Headache, /| /| /| /| /| /|



Hyperkalemia, Dysrhythmias, Drowsiness, Dizziness,
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Disorientation, Muscle Weakness, Hyperreflexia, /| /| /|

, Prevention Strategies Acid-Base Imbalances? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Healthy diet, exercise, limit alcohol consumption,
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Drink 6-8 cups of water per day, maintain healthy weight, refrain
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from smoking, manage stree
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Common Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Hyperventilation (anxiety, fear), Mechanical Ventilation, High /| /| /| /| /| /|



Fever/Sepsis, Prolonged Sunctioning, Pain, Alcohol Withdrawal.
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Common Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Diarrhea, Renal Failure, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Hyperkalemia,
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Alcoholism


Compensating Mechanisms for Metabolic Acidosis - CORRECT /| /| /| /| /| /| /|



ANSWERS ✔✔Kussmaul Respirations /| /|




Common Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Vomitting, Excessive Gastric Suctioning, Hypokalemia, Excess
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use of Antacids, Steroid Therapy, Potent Diuretic Use
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What are ABG's? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Arterial Blood Gases
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pH 7.35-7.45 <7.34 acid >7.45 base
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PaCO2 35-45mmHg >45 acid <35 base
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HCO3 22-26mEq/L <22 acid >26 base
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