Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Exam 2025

A pregnant woman is attending her second prenatal visit. Prenatal lab work indicates she is not immune to the rubella virus. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention? Inform the woman she should receive the vaccine in the hospital after delivery. Hold all immunizations until 1 month postpartum. Encourage the patient to decide whether or not to get the rubella vaccine prenatally. Provide the rubella vaccine as ordered by the physician immediately. - -Inform the woman she should receive the vaccine in the hospital after delivery. The rubella vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy. A woman should be instructed to avoid pregnancy for at least 1 month following rubella immunization. It is not necessary to hold all immunizations until 1 month postpartum. What is the total number of chromosomes contained in a mature sperm or ovum? 44 22 46 23 - -23 Gametes (sex cells) contain 23 chromosomes. When the nurse tells a pregnant woman that she needs 1200 mg of calcium daily during pregnancy, the woman responds, "I don't like milk." What dietary adjustments could the nurse recommend? Choose more fresh fruits, particularly citrus fruits. Increase intake of organ meats. Eat more green leafy vegetables. Include molasses and whole-grain breads in the diet. - -Eat more green leafy vegetables. Maternity Maternity For women who do not like milk, other sources of calcium include enriched cereals, legumes, nuts, dried fruits, green leafy vegetables, and canned salmon and sardines that contain bones. What does the nurse explain can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm after intercourse? Level of feminine hygiene Age Body temperature Estrogen level - -estrogen level Estrogen levels and the pH of the female reproductive tract can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm as well as their motility. A pregnant woman asks the nurse, "Will I be able to have a vaginal delivery?" The nurse knows that which is the most favorable pelvic type for vaginal birth? Anthropoid Platypelloid Gynecoid Android - -Gynecoid The gynecoid pelvis is the typical female pelvis and is most favorable for vaginal birth. The nurse is educating a pregnant patient who expects to breastfeed. The nurse knows that when a patient breastfeeds, which portions of the breast secrete milk? Montgomery's glands Alveoli lobules Lobes Lactiferous sinuses - -Alveoli lobules The alveoli secrete milk. A woman missed her menstrual period 1 week ago and has come to the doctor's office for a pregnancy test. Which placental hormone is measured in pregnancy tests? Progesterone Estrogen Human chorionic gonadotropin Human placental lactogen - -Human chorionic gonadotropin Human chorionic gonadotropin is the basis for most pregnancy tests. It is detectable in maternal blood as soon as implantation occurs, usually 7 to 9 days after fertilization. Maternity The nurse encourages the members of a prenatal class to seriously consider breastfeeding. What does breast milk provide in addition to nourishment for the infant? Hormones that stimulate growth Endorphins that soothe the infant Stimulus for red blood cell production Maternal antibodies - -Maternal antibodies Breast milk provides maternal antibodies to the infant that give the child acquired immunity from some diseases for several months. A woman who is 36 weeks pregnant tells the nurse she plans to take a 12-hour flight to Hawaii. What would the nurse recommend that the patient do during the flight? (Select all that apply.) Wear tight-fitting clothing to promote venous return. Request a seat with greater leg room. Eat a large meal before boarding the flight. Get up and walk around the plane frequently. Drink at least 4 ounces of water every hour. - -Because of the increase in clotting potential, the pregnant patient is prone to a thromboembolism. Adequate hydration, frequent position changes, and movement decrease the risk. How long does sperm remain viable in the female reproductive tract? 2 days 12 hours 4 days 1 day - -4 days Sperm can remain viable in the reproductive tract of the female for as long as 4 to 5 days. Which hormone is responsible for converting the endometrium into decidual cells for implantation? Progesterone Human chorionic gonadotropin Human placental lactogen Maternity Maternity Maternity Estrogen - -Progesterone At high levels, progesterone maintains the endometrial lining for implantation of the zygote. A pregnant woman is experiencing nausea in the early morning. What recommendations would the nurse offer to alleviate this symptom? Drink a full glass of fluid at the beginning of each meal. Eat a bland diet and avoid concentrated sweets. Have crackers handy at the bedside, and eat a few before getting out of bed. Eat three well-balanced meals per day and limit snacks. - -Have crackers handy at the bedside, and eat a few before getting out of bed. The nurse can recommend eating dry toast or crackers before getting out of bed in the morning to alleviate nausea during pregnancy. The nurse is speaking with a couple trying to conceive a child. What will the nurse remind the couple is a factor that can decrease sperm production? The man not being circumcised The testes being too warm Infrequent sexual intercourse The penis and testes being small - -The testes being too warm The scrotum is suspended away from the perineum to lower the temperature of the testes for sperm production. When preparing to teach a class about prenatal development, the nurse would include information about folic acid supplementation. What is folic acid known to prevent? Mental retardation Premature birth Neural tube defects Congenital heart defects - -Neural tube defects It is now known that folic acid supplements can prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida. A mother is anxious about her ability to breastfeed after her child is born because of her small breast size. What would be an important point to teach this mother? Breast size can be increased with exercise. Maternity Maternity Drinking extra milk during pregnancy allows breasts to produce adequate amounts of milk. Milk is produced in ducts and lobules regardless of breast size. Supplementing breastfeeding with formula allows the infant to receive adequate nutrition. - -Milk is produced in ducts and lobules regardless of breast size. Breast size does not influence the ability to secrete milk. A woman who is 37 weeks pregnant reports feeling dizzy when lying on her back. What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this symptom? Supine hypotension syndrome Malnutrition Pregnancy-induced hypertension Gestational diabetes - -Supine hypotension syndrome Supine hypotension syndrome, also called aortocaval compression or vena cava syndrome, may occur if the woman lies on her back. Symptoms of supine hypotension syndrome include faintness, lightheadedness, dizziness, and agitation. The nurse explains that the softening of the cervix and vagina is a probable sign of pregnancy. What is the appropriate term for this sign? Chadwick's McDonald's Goodell's Hegar's - -Goodell's Goodell's sign is one of the probable signs of pregnancy and describes a softened cervix and vagina. The nurse has explained physiological changes that occur during pregnancy. Which statement indicates that the woman understands the information? "There will be a curvature in the upper spine area." "Blood pressure goes up toward the end of pregnancy." "I'll notice a decreased pigmentation in my skin." "My breathing will get deeper and a little faster." - -"My breathing will get deeper and a little faster." Maternity Maternity The pregnant woman breathes more deeply, and her respiratory rate may increase slightly. During an ultrasound, two amnions and two placentas are observed. What will be the most likely result of this pregnancy? Dizygotic twins High-birth weight twins Monozygotic twins Conjoined twins - -Dizygotic twins Dizygotic twins always have two amnions and two chorions (placentas). A woman pregnant for the first time asks the nurse, "When will I begin to feel the baby move?" What is the nurse's best response? "You'll feel something by the end of the first trimester." "Quickening varies with every woman." "You may notice the baby moving around the 4th or 5th month." "The baby will be big enough for you to feel in your 8th month." - -"You may notice the baby moving around the 4th or 5th month." Quickening, fetal movement felt by the mother, is first perceived at 16 to 20 weeks of gestation. The patient remarks that she has heard some foods will enhance brai