RAD 112 Final Exam Review | Actual
study | Questions and verified Answers
The presence of the psoas muscles projects the longitudinal plane of the kidneys ________ degrees
posterior from the midsagittal plane. - ANSW-20-degrees
To place the kidneys into a true anatomic position and parallel to the IR, the body must be rotated into a
______ degree oblique. - ANSW-30-degree
The kidneys in the adult are located:
A. at the level of the xiphoid process
B. midway between the xiphoid process and the inferior costal angle
C. midway between the iliac crest and the ASIS
D. midway between the xiphoid process and the iliac crest - ANSW-D. midway between the xiphoid
process and the iliac crest
An abnormal drop in the position of the kidney when the patient is erect is termed _______. - ANSW-
Nephroptosis
True or false: The renal veins are anterior to the renal arteries. - ANSW-True
The term that describes the total functional portion of the kidney is _____________. - ANSW-The renal
parenchyma
What are the three constricted points found along the course of the ureters? - ANSW-UP junction, pelvic
brim, and UV junction
Which of the following structures is most anterior in the female pelvis?
A. Rectum
B. Urinary bladder
C. Uterus
D. Ovaries - ANSW-B. Urinary bladder
The urinary bladder is located in which compartment of the peritoneum? (Intra, Retro, or Infra-) - ANSW-
Infraperitoneal
The kidneys are located in which compartment of the peritoneum? (Intra, Retro, or Infra-) - ANSW-
Retroperitoneal
What are the 8 cranium bones? - ANSW-Frontal, occipital, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, sphenoid, and ethmoid
Which bones make up the calvarium? - ANSW-Frontal, the two parietals, and the occipital
The widest portion of the entire skull is located between the _____________. - ANSW-Parietal tubercles
Which cranial bone houses the organs for hearing and equilibrium? - ANSW-Temporal bones
Which aspect of the skull is most vulnerable to fracture?
A. Squamous portion of the temporal bone
B. Petrous portion of the temporal bone
C. Orbital plate of the frontal bone
D. Sqamous portion of the occipital bone - ANSW-A. Squamous portion of the temporal bone
The jugular foramen is located on the _________ bone. - ANSW-Temporal bone
, Which cranial bone makes up an aspect of the bony nasal septum? - ANSW-Ethmoid
Sutural or wormian bones are most often found where? - ANSW-Within the lambdoidal suture
Which division of the ear contains the malleus? - ANSW-Internal
What is the term for an average shape skull? What is the average width-to-length? - ANSW-
Mesocephalic is the shape of the average skull. The width is 75-80% of its length.
The posterior aspect of the bony orbit is termed the ________. - ANSW-Apex
Which bones make up most of the lateral wall of the orbits? - ANSW-Zygomatic/Malar
The width of the dolichocephalic skull is what percentage of the length? - ANSW-Less than 75%
The angle btween the midsagittal plane and the long axis of the petrous portion of the temporal bone in
the brachycephalic skull is _______. - ANSW-47-degrees or greater
The midline point at the junction of the upper lip and the nasal septum is called _________. - ANSW-The
acanthion
There is a ______ degree difference between the oribitomeatal and infraorbitomeatal lines. - ANSW-7-8
degrees
True or false: Metastatic osteoblastic lesions of the cranium are proliferative bony lesions of increased
density. - ANSW-True
Which projection of the skull will best demonstrate signs of a pituitary adenoma? - ANSW-Lateral
How much CR angle is required for the AP axial projection of the skull if the IOML is perpendicular to the
IR? - ANSW-37 degrees
Which positioning error is present if the orbital plates are not superimposed on a lateral skull
radiograph? - ANSW-Rotation
Which variation of the PA (axial) projection of the skull has been performed if the petrous ridges are at
the level of the supraorbital margin? - ANSW-PA 0-degrees
Which positioning error is present if the mandibular condyles are seen within the petrous portion of the
temporal bone on an SMV projection? - ANSW-Insufficient extension
What type of CR angle is required for a PA axial (Haas method) projection of the skull? - ANSW-25-degree
cephalad
Which of the following projections would best detect a fracture of the orbital floor?
A. Parietoacanthial projection
B. Modified parietoacanthial projection
C. PA Caldwell projection
D. SMV projection - ANSW-B. Modified parietoacanthial projection
What is the angle between the MSP and the place of the IR (from a lateral position) for the
parietoacanthial oblique projection for the optic foramen? - ANSW-53 degrees
A fracture of the floor of the orbit due to a direct strike to the base is termed a _________. - ANSW-
Blowout fracture
Which of the following facial bones is unpaired?
A. Maxillary
B. Palatine
C. Lacrimal
study | Questions and verified Answers
The presence of the psoas muscles projects the longitudinal plane of the kidneys ________ degrees
posterior from the midsagittal plane. - ANSW-20-degrees
To place the kidneys into a true anatomic position and parallel to the IR, the body must be rotated into a
______ degree oblique. - ANSW-30-degree
The kidneys in the adult are located:
A. at the level of the xiphoid process
B. midway between the xiphoid process and the inferior costal angle
C. midway between the iliac crest and the ASIS
D. midway between the xiphoid process and the iliac crest - ANSW-D. midway between the xiphoid
process and the iliac crest
An abnormal drop in the position of the kidney when the patient is erect is termed _______. - ANSW-
Nephroptosis
True or false: The renal veins are anterior to the renal arteries. - ANSW-True
The term that describes the total functional portion of the kidney is _____________. - ANSW-The renal
parenchyma
What are the three constricted points found along the course of the ureters? - ANSW-UP junction, pelvic
brim, and UV junction
Which of the following structures is most anterior in the female pelvis?
A. Rectum
B. Urinary bladder
C. Uterus
D. Ovaries - ANSW-B. Urinary bladder
The urinary bladder is located in which compartment of the peritoneum? (Intra, Retro, or Infra-) - ANSW-
Infraperitoneal
The kidneys are located in which compartment of the peritoneum? (Intra, Retro, or Infra-) - ANSW-
Retroperitoneal
What are the 8 cranium bones? - ANSW-Frontal, occipital, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, sphenoid, and ethmoid
Which bones make up the calvarium? - ANSW-Frontal, the two parietals, and the occipital
The widest portion of the entire skull is located between the _____________. - ANSW-Parietal tubercles
Which cranial bone houses the organs for hearing and equilibrium? - ANSW-Temporal bones
Which aspect of the skull is most vulnerable to fracture?
A. Squamous portion of the temporal bone
B. Petrous portion of the temporal bone
C. Orbital plate of the frontal bone
D. Sqamous portion of the occipital bone - ANSW-A. Squamous portion of the temporal bone
The jugular foramen is located on the _________ bone. - ANSW-Temporal bone
, Which cranial bone makes up an aspect of the bony nasal septum? - ANSW-Ethmoid
Sutural or wormian bones are most often found where? - ANSW-Within the lambdoidal suture
Which division of the ear contains the malleus? - ANSW-Internal
What is the term for an average shape skull? What is the average width-to-length? - ANSW-
Mesocephalic is the shape of the average skull. The width is 75-80% of its length.
The posterior aspect of the bony orbit is termed the ________. - ANSW-Apex
Which bones make up most of the lateral wall of the orbits? - ANSW-Zygomatic/Malar
The width of the dolichocephalic skull is what percentage of the length? - ANSW-Less than 75%
The angle btween the midsagittal plane and the long axis of the petrous portion of the temporal bone in
the brachycephalic skull is _______. - ANSW-47-degrees or greater
The midline point at the junction of the upper lip and the nasal septum is called _________. - ANSW-The
acanthion
There is a ______ degree difference between the oribitomeatal and infraorbitomeatal lines. - ANSW-7-8
degrees
True or false: Metastatic osteoblastic lesions of the cranium are proliferative bony lesions of increased
density. - ANSW-True
Which projection of the skull will best demonstrate signs of a pituitary adenoma? - ANSW-Lateral
How much CR angle is required for the AP axial projection of the skull if the IOML is perpendicular to the
IR? - ANSW-37 degrees
Which positioning error is present if the orbital plates are not superimposed on a lateral skull
radiograph? - ANSW-Rotation
Which variation of the PA (axial) projection of the skull has been performed if the petrous ridges are at
the level of the supraorbital margin? - ANSW-PA 0-degrees
Which positioning error is present if the mandibular condyles are seen within the petrous portion of the
temporal bone on an SMV projection? - ANSW-Insufficient extension
What type of CR angle is required for a PA axial (Haas method) projection of the skull? - ANSW-25-degree
cephalad
Which of the following projections would best detect a fracture of the orbital floor?
A. Parietoacanthial projection
B. Modified parietoacanthial projection
C. PA Caldwell projection
D. SMV projection - ANSW-B. Modified parietoacanthial projection
What is the angle between the MSP and the place of the IR (from a lateral position) for the
parietoacanthial oblique projection for the optic foramen? - ANSW-53 degrees
A fracture of the floor of the orbit due to a direct strike to the base is termed a _________. - ANSW-
Blowout fracture
Which of the following facial bones is unpaired?
A. Maxillary
B. Palatine
C. Lacrimal
