FNDH 620 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Which of the following is a function of lipids?
a. Cellular membranes
b. Internal padding
c. Energy storage
d. All of the above - Answers :All of the above
Food triglycerides are composed of
a. Oils and fats
b. Sugars and proteins
c. Fibers and starches
d. Powders and supplements - Answers :Oils and fats
What molecule is the building block of fatty acid synthesis?
a. Pyruvate
b. Alanine
c. Acetyl CoA
d. palmitate - Answers :Acetyl CoA
Which of the following is a true statement?
a. Cis fatty acids kink or bend and they are abundant in nature.
b. Trans fatty acids kink or bend, and they are abundant in nature.
c. Both cis and trans fatty acids kink or bend and are abundant in nature
d. Neither cis nor trans fatty acids kink or bend, and they are not found in nature. -
Answers :Cis fatty acids kink or bend and they are abundant in nature.
What is the definition of a triglyceride?
a. Glycerol plus three amino acids
b. Pyruvate plus three attached fatty acids
c. Three glycerol units plus one fatty acid
d. Glycerol plus three attached fatty acids - Answers :d. Glycerol plus three attached
fatty acids
What is the difference between the delta and omega systems of naming fatty acids?
a. The omega system begins counting from the carboxyl end
b. The delta system begins counting from the carboxyl end
c. Both delta and the omega begin counting from the methyl end
d. None of the above - Answers :b. The delta system begins counting from the carboxyl
end
Dietary lipids from what structure in the lumen before being absorbed into the
enterocyte?
a. Low density lipoprotein
b. Very low density lipoprotein
c. Micelle
,d. chylomicron - Answers :c. Micelle
Cholesterol is synthesized from acetyl CoA in a series of reactions. Which enzyme is
termed the "rate limiting enzyme" and appears to have decreased activity if more
cholesterol is consumed in the diet or more cholesterol is synthesized?
a. thiolate
b. Carbonic anhydrase
c. HMG CoA reductase
d. Condensing enzyme - Answers :c. HMG CoA reductase
What can bile acids be built from?
a. Glucose
b. Cholesterol
c. Glycerol
d. Steric acid - Answers :b. Cholesterol
Cholesterol is necessary in the diet because we cannot synthesize enough to meet our
needs.
a. True
b. False - Answers :b. False
11. The primary objective of beta-oxidation is __________.
a. to reduce fatty acids to acetyl CoA and electron carriers.
b. to increase the length of fatty acids.
c. to change saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids.
d. to reduce oxidative stress. - Answers :a. to reduce fatty acids to acetyl CoA and
electron carriers.
In the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, double bonds are added using __________.
a. pancreatic lipase.
b. desaturases
c. acyl-carrier protein
d. condensing enzyme - Answers :b. desaturases
The plasma enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is important in the
metabolism of which lipoprotein?
a. Chylomicrons
b. VLDL
c. LDL
d. HDL - Answers :d. HDL
The removal of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue by HDL is called forward cholesterol
synthesis.
a. True
b. False - Answers :b. False
, Eicosanoids are derived from 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids.
a. True
b. False - Answers :a. True
The lipoprotein lipase enzyme plays an important role in the hydrolysis of lipoproteins.
a. True
b. False - Answers :a. True
What system transports longer chain fatty acids into the mitochondria?
a. Carotene transport system
b. Carnitine transport system
c. Alanine transport system
d. Oxidative transport mechanism - Answers :b. Carnitine transport system
The basic structure of amino acids consists of all the following groups off of a central
carbon except:
a. Single hydrogen atom
b. An amino group
c. Carboxyl (acid) group
d. All of the above are involved in the structure of amino acids - Answers :d. All of the
above are involved in the structure of amino acids
Which of the following is an essential amino acid?
a. Glycine
b. arginine
c. methionine
d. serine - Answers :c. methionine
Absorption of amino acids is facilitated by a transport system that is dependent upon
what mineral?
a. Sodium
b. Iron
c. Zinc
d. Vitamin B12 - Answers :a. Sodium
What is the difference between a primary and a secondary protein structure?
a. Primary structures have changed shape to reach the lowest energy state where
secondary structures are straight polypeptide chains.
b. Secondary structures have changed shape to reach the lowest energy state, where
primary structures are straight polypeptide chains.
c. Primary structures have two or more polypeptide chains, where secondary structures
have formed coils and bonds within a single polypeptide chain.
d. Secondary structures have two or more polypeptide chains, where primary structures
have formed coils and bonds within a single polypeptide chain. - Answers :b. Secondary
structures have changed shape to reach the lowest energy state, where primary
structures are straight polypeptide chains.
Which of the following is a function of lipids?
a. Cellular membranes
b. Internal padding
c. Energy storage
d. All of the above - Answers :All of the above
Food triglycerides are composed of
a. Oils and fats
b. Sugars and proteins
c. Fibers and starches
d. Powders and supplements - Answers :Oils and fats
What molecule is the building block of fatty acid synthesis?
a. Pyruvate
b. Alanine
c. Acetyl CoA
d. palmitate - Answers :Acetyl CoA
Which of the following is a true statement?
a. Cis fatty acids kink or bend and they are abundant in nature.
b. Trans fatty acids kink or bend, and they are abundant in nature.
c. Both cis and trans fatty acids kink or bend and are abundant in nature
d. Neither cis nor trans fatty acids kink or bend, and they are not found in nature. -
Answers :Cis fatty acids kink or bend and they are abundant in nature.
What is the definition of a triglyceride?
a. Glycerol plus three amino acids
b. Pyruvate plus three attached fatty acids
c. Three glycerol units plus one fatty acid
d. Glycerol plus three attached fatty acids - Answers :d. Glycerol plus three attached
fatty acids
What is the difference between the delta and omega systems of naming fatty acids?
a. The omega system begins counting from the carboxyl end
b. The delta system begins counting from the carboxyl end
c. Both delta and the omega begin counting from the methyl end
d. None of the above - Answers :b. The delta system begins counting from the carboxyl
end
Dietary lipids from what structure in the lumen before being absorbed into the
enterocyte?
a. Low density lipoprotein
b. Very low density lipoprotein
c. Micelle
,d. chylomicron - Answers :c. Micelle
Cholesterol is synthesized from acetyl CoA in a series of reactions. Which enzyme is
termed the "rate limiting enzyme" and appears to have decreased activity if more
cholesterol is consumed in the diet or more cholesterol is synthesized?
a. thiolate
b. Carbonic anhydrase
c. HMG CoA reductase
d. Condensing enzyme - Answers :c. HMG CoA reductase
What can bile acids be built from?
a. Glucose
b. Cholesterol
c. Glycerol
d. Steric acid - Answers :b. Cholesterol
Cholesterol is necessary in the diet because we cannot synthesize enough to meet our
needs.
a. True
b. False - Answers :b. False
11. The primary objective of beta-oxidation is __________.
a. to reduce fatty acids to acetyl CoA and electron carriers.
b. to increase the length of fatty acids.
c. to change saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids.
d. to reduce oxidative stress. - Answers :a. to reduce fatty acids to acetyl CoA and
electron carriers.
In the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, double bonds are added using __________.
a. pancreatic lipase.
b. desaturases
c. acyl-carrier protein
d. condensing enzyme - Answers :b. desaturases
The plasma enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is important in the
metabolism of which lipoprotein?
a. Chylomicrons
b. VLDL
c. LDL
d. HDL - Answers :d. HDL
The removal of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue by HDL is called forward cholesterol
synthesis.
a. True
b. False - Answers :b. False
, Eicosanoids are derived from 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids.
a. True
b. False - Answers :a. True
The lipoprotein lipase enzyme plays an important role in the hydrolysis of lipoproteins.
a. True
b. False - Answers :a. True
What system transports longer chain fatty acids into the mitochondria?
a. Carotene transport system
b. Carnitine transport system
c. Alanine transport system
d. Oxidative transport mechanism - Answers :b. Carnitine transport system
The basic structure of amino acids consists of all the following groups off of a central
carbon except:
a. Single hydrogen atom
b. An amino group
c. Carboxyl (acid) group
d. All of the above are involved in the structure of amino acids - Answers :d. All of the
above are involved in the structure of amino acids
Which of the following is an essential amino acid?
a. Glycine
b. arginine
c. methionine
d. serine - Answers :c. methionine
Absorption of amino acids is facilitated by a transport system that is dependent upon
what mineral?
a. Sodium
b. Iron
c. Zinc
d. Vitamin B12 - Answers :a. Sodium
What is the difference between a primary and a secondary protein structure?
a. Primary structures have changed shape to reach the lowest energy state where
secondary structures are straight polypeptide chains.
b. Secondary structures have changed shape to reach the lowest energy state, where
primary structures are straight polypeptide chains.
c. Primary structures have two or more polypeptide chains, where secondary structures
have formed coils and bonds within a single polypeptide chain.
d. Secondary structures have two or more polypeptide chains, where primary structures
have formed coils and bonds within a single polypeptide chain. - Answers :b. Secondary
structures have changed shape to reach the lowest energy state, where primary
structures are straight polypeptide chains.
