NSG 4330: Exam 1 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Corresponding Answers
with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Gas exchange: transfer of oxygen from atmosphere to blood and CO2
from bloodstream to atmosphere
How many lobes does the right lung have? How many lobes does the left
lung have? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Right lung: 3 lobes: upper,middle and lower
Left lung: 2 lobes: upper and lower
What consists of the upper respiratory tract? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-Nasal cavity
-Pharynx
-Adenoids
-Tonsils
-epiglottis
-Larynx
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
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PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-trachea
4 purposes of the URT? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. The nose warms,cleans and
humidifies air before it enters the lungs
2. Vibrational sounds originate in the larynx which is how we vocalize
3. Provides protection to lower airways: nasal passages and epiglottis
4.Has olfactory receptors
What consists of the lower respiratory tract? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-bronchi,
bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
What is the landmark for the LRT? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Carina
What is ventilation? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔movement of air in (inspiration: active
process) and out of the lungs (expiration: passive process)
What is respiration? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔process of gas exchange, moving
oxygen from atmosphere to the bloodstream and moving CO2 from
bloodstream to atmosphere
What is compliance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The measure of the elasticity of the
lungs and thorax.
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
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PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, What happens if compliance decreases? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔If compliance
decreases it is more difficult for the lungs to inflate.
What response should be elicited by stimulation of the carina? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Cough
What is the difference between the left and right bronchus? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔left bronchus has an acute angle
right bronchus has a straighter angle
What are respiratory bronchioles made of? and what are they prone to? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Primarily made of smooth muscles and therefore are prone
to bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction
Explain Type 1 alveoli cells - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔They make up 90% of the
alveoli and are the main structural cells, they line the alveolar wall. They
play a major role in gas exchange
Explain Type 2 alveoli cells - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔They are lesser in number.
They store, produce and secrete surfactant. When there's injury to the
alveolar wall, they divide and line the surface of the wall and act like type 1
cells.
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
3
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Corresponding Answers
with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Gas exchange: transfer of oxygen from atmosphere to blood and CO2
from bloodstream to atmosphere
How many lobes does the right lung have? How many lobes does the left
lung have? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Right lung: 3 lobes: upper,middle and lower
Left lung: 2 lobes: upper and lower
What consists of the upper respiratory tract? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-Nasal cavity
-Pharynx
-Adenoids
-Tonsils
-epiglottis
-Larynx
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
1
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-trachea
4 purposes of the URT? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. The nose warms,cleans and
humidifies air before it enters the lungs
2. Vibrational sounds originate in the larynx which is how we vocalize
3. Provides protection to lower airways: nasal passages and epiglottis
4.Has olfactory receptors
What consists of the lower respiratory tract? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-bronchi,
bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
What is the landmark for the LRT? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Carina
What is ventilation? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔movement of air in (inspiration: active
process) and out of the lungs (expiration: passive process)
What is respiration? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔process of gas exchange, moving
oxygen from atmosphere to the bloodstream and moving CO2 from
bloodstream to atmosphere
What is compliance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The measure of the elasticity of the
lungs and thorax.
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
2
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, What happens if compliance decreases? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔If compliance
decreases it is more difficult for the lungs to inflate.
What response should be elicited by stimulation of the carina? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Cough
What is the difference between the left and right bronchus? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔left bronchus has an acute angle
right bronchus has a straighter angle
What are respiratory bronchioles made of? and what are they prone to? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔Primarily made of smooth muscles and therefore are prone
to bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction
Explain Type 1 alveoli cells - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔They make up 90% of the
alveoli and are the main structural cells, they line the alveolar wall. They
play a major role in gas exchange
Explain Type 2 alveoli cells - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔They are lesser in number.
They store, produce and secrete surfactant. When there's injury to the
alveolar wall, they divide and line the surface of the wall and act like type 1
cells.
COPYRIGHT©BLAIRALISTERNEWTON 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
3
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
