MCB2010 Exam 1 IRSC Exam Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Solved| Grade A+
phase microscopes used to exam living orgs that would be damaged by slides and the
contrast is created because light waves are out of phase
2 types include: phase contrast and differential interference
fluorescence microscope direct UV light source @ specimen, specimen radiates energy back
as longer visible wavelength, UV light increases res + contrast
confocal microscope uses dyes, uses UV lasers to illuminate chemicals in single plane,
resolution increases because emitted light passes through pinhole apeture
electron microscopy higher resolving power and magnification, mag 10,000x - 100,000x,
detailed views of bacteria, viruses, cell structures, molecules, and large atoms
2 types: transmission + scanning
probe microscopy magnification more than 100,000,000x
2 types: scanning tunneling + atomic force
staining coloring the microbe with a dye that emphasizes certain structures
principles of staining dyes used as stains are usually salts
chromophore is the colored portion of the dye
acidic dyes = stain alkaline
basic dyes = stain acidic (more common)
simple stains single basic dye (crystal violet, safranin, methylene blue)
used to determine size, shape, arrangement of cells
, differential stains more than one dye used to distinguish between cells and chemicals
common ones include: gram, acid fast, endospore, histological
histological stains gomori methenamine silver (GMS) and hematoxylin & eosin (HE)
special stains simple stains used to identify specific microbial structures and include
negative, flagellar, and fluorescent
staining for electron microscopy chemicals containing heavy metals used for TEM and stains
may bind molecules in specimens or background
taxonomy classification, nomenclature, and identification
organizes large amounts of info about organisms and make predictions based on knowledge of
simple organisms, help understand evolution connections
domains determined by ribosomal nucleotide sequence: eukarya, bacteria, archaea
carl woese compared nucleotide sequences of rRNA subunits
taxonomic and identifying characteristics physical characteristics, biochemical tests,
serological tests, phage typing, analysis of nucleic acids
physical characteristics can be used to identify microorganisms (protozoa, fungi, algae, and
parasitic worms)
biochemical tests distinguish prokaryotes by their ability to utilize or produce certain
chemicals
lab scientists use biochem tests to identify pathogens
phase microscopes used to exam living orgs that would be damaged by slides and the
contrast is created because light waves are out of phase
2 types include: phase contrast and differential interference
fluorescence microscope direct UV light source @ specimen, specimen radiates energy back
as longer visible wavelength, UV light increases res + contrast
confocal microscope uses dyes, uses UV lasers to illuminate chemicals in single plane,
resolution increases because emitted light passes through pinhole apeture
electron microscopy higher resolving power and magnification, mag 10,000x - 100,000x,
detailed views of bacteria, viruses, cell structures, molecules, and large atoms
2 types: transmission + scanning
probe microscopy magnification more than 100,000,000x
2 types: scanning tunneling + atomic force
staining coloring the microbe with a dye that emphasizes certain structures
principles of staining dyes used as stains are usually salts
chromophore is the colored portion of the dye
acidic dyes = stain alkaline
basic dyes = stain acidic (more common)
simple stains single basic dye (crystal violet, safranin, methylene blue)
used to determine size, shape, arrangement of cells
, differential stains more than one dye used to distinguish between cells and chemicals
common ones include: gram, acid fast, endospore, histological
histological stains gomori methenamine silver (GMS) and hematoxylin & eosin (HE)
special stains simple stains used to identify specific microbial structures and include
negative, flagellar, and fluorescent
staining for electron microscopy chemicals containing heavy metals used for TEM and stains
may bind molecules in specimens or background
taxonomy classification, nomenclature, and identification
organizes large amounts of info about organisms and make predictions based on knowledge of
simple organisms, help understand evolution connections
domains determined by ribosomal nucleotide sequence: eukarya, bacteria, archaea
carl woese compared nucleotide sequences of rRNA subunits
taxonomic and identifying characteristics physical characteristics, biochemical tests,
serological tests, phage typing, analysis of nucleic acids
physical characteristics can be used to identify microorganisms (protozoa, fungi, algae, and
parasitic worms)
biochemical tests distinguish prokaryotes by their ability to utilize or produce certain
chemicals
lab scientists use biochem tests to identify pathogens
