MCB2010: EXAM 1 Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Solved| Grade A+
cell membrane bacteria has no mitochondria so they make their energy in?
1) regulates the transportation of substances like nutrients and enzymes (what comes in and
comes out)
2) stores enzymes
3) site for ATP synthesis for bacteria
4) site for photosynthesis (only in photoautotrophic microb)
cell wall functions:
1) maintains shape of bacterium
2) prevents bacteria from osmotic lysis and osmotic collapse
peptidoglycan responsible for the shape of the cell wall
-the rigidity of the bacterial cell wall is due to this
gram positive more peptidoglycan in their cell wall
-less lipid
-has wall teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acids
gram negative more lipid in their cell wall
-has outer membrane(lipo protein(LP), phospholipid layer(PL), lipo polysaccharides(LPS), and
porin protein)
Outer membrane of gram negative is made of lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharides, porin
protein, and phospholipid layer
hypotonic all cells (with or without cell wall) gain water in what environment?
,hypertonic all cells lose water in this environment
(with or without cell wall)
crenation what happens to cells that have no cell wall in hyper tonic solution?
rupture(ghost cells) what happens to cells that have no cell wall in hypotonic solution?
hypotonic solution more solvent/water
less solutes/salt
hypertonic solution more solute/salt
less water/solvent
plasmoptised has cell wall gain water but dosent rupture
-usually happens in hyptonic solution
plasmolised cytoplasm breaks down because water is sucked out, metabolically inactive
-keeps its shape
-usually in hypertonic solution
Archaebacteria lacks peptidoglycan in their cell wall
protoplast Gram positive bacterium that has completely loss its cell wall
ribosomes composed of ribosomal RNA(rRNA) and proteins
, ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis
-prokaryotic ribosomes are called 70s
-Eukaryotic ribosomes are called 80s
-are composed of Ribosomal RNA(rRNA) and proteins
Endospores are highly resistant because of dipicolinic acid and calcium
Endospores metabolically inactive, non-reproductive structures produced by both Gram-
positive and Gram Negative bacteria
Germentation process in which a metabolically inactive endospore transform into a
metabolically active vegetative cell under favorable conditions
Non-acid fast All Gram + and Gram - bacteria are this because they don't have mycolic acid
in their cell wall so they lose their primary color
mordant what is used to prevent the crystal violet from leaving the cell
Inclusions are intracellular storage areas
Examples:
Metachromatic granules(polyphosphate)
Glycogen granules
gas vacuoles
sulfur granules
spriochetes Borrelia burgdorferi and treponema pallidum are this and have endo
flagellum(Axial filament) to move and become motile
cell membrane bacteria has no mitochondria so they make their energy in?
1) regulates the transportation of substances like nutrients and enzymes (what comes in and
comes out)
2) stores enzymes
3) site for ATP synthesis for bacteria
4) site for photosynthesis (only in photoautotrophic microb)
cell wall functions:
1) maintains shape of bacterium
2) prevents bacteria from osmotic lysis and osmotic collapse
peptidoglycan responsible for the shape of the cell wall
-the rigidity of the bacterial cell wall is due to this
gram positive more peptidoglycan in their cell wall
-less lipid
-has wall teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acids
gram negative more lipid in their cell wall
-has outer membrane(lipo protein(LP), phospholipid layer(PL), lipo polysaccharides(LPS), and
porin protein)
Outer membrane of gram negative is made of lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharides, porin
protein, and phospholipid layer
hypotonic all cells (with or without cell wall) gain water in what environment?
,hypertonic all cells lose water in this environment
(with or without cell wall)
crenation what happens to cells that have no cell wall in hyper tonic solution?
rupture(ghost cells) what happens to cells that have no cell wall in hypotonic solution?
hypotonic solution more solvent/water
less solutes/salt
hypertonic solution more solute/salt
less water/solvent
plasmoptised has cell wall gain water but dosent rupture
-usually happens in hyptonic solution
plasmolised cytoplasm breaks down because water is sucked out, metabolically inactive
-keeps its shape
-usually in hypertonic solution
Archaebacteria lacks peptidoglycan in their cell wall
protoplast Gram positive bacterium that has completely loss its cell wall
ribosomes composed of ribosomal RNA(rRNA) and proteins
, ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis
-prokaryotic ribosomes are called 70s
-Eukaryotic ribosomes are called 80s
-are composed of Ribosomal RNA(rRNA) and proteins
Endospores are highly resistant because of dipicolinic acid and calcium
Endospores metabolically inactive, non-reproductive structures produced by both Gram-
positive and Gram Negative bacteria
Germentation process in which a metabolically inactive endospore transform into a
metabolically active vegetative cell under favorable conditions
Non-acid fast All Gram + and Gram - bacteria are this because they don't have mycolic acid
in their cell wall so they lose their primary color
mordant what is used to prevent the crystal violet from leaving the cell
Inclusions are intracellular storage areas
Examples:
Metachromatic granules(polyphosphate)
Glycogen granules
gas vacuoles
sulfur granules
spriochetes Borrelia burgdorferi and treponema pallidum are this and have endo
flagellum(Axial filament) to move and become motile
