MCB 2010- Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Solved| Grade A+
Plasmid; sex pilus Conjugation typically transfers a plasmid from one cell to another by
means of a sex pilus
Sporulation formation of endospores
Germination germinate to vegetative cells that can multiply
vegetative cell a cell that has not formed spores or other resting stages
Endospore benefits It allows the bacterium to produce a dormant and highly resistant cell to
preserve the cell's genetic material in times of extreme stress.
cytoplasmic membrane A phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins that surrounds the
cytoplasm and defines the boundary of the cell
Endocytosis vs. Exocytosis Endo - transport of macromolecules into the cell
Exo - opposite through a vesicle that fuses with the plasma membrane
endosymbiotic theory heory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells
were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria
(prokaryote). This theory explains the origin of eukaryotic cells
Lysosomes Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
- destroys peptidoglycan molecules MORE EFFECTIVE with gram-pos
, Peroxisomes Contain oxidase enzymes that detoxify alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, and other
harmful chemicals
Break down fatty acids and produce hydrogen peroxide
Gram stain Used to classify prokaryotes based on cell wall composition. Important for
antibiotics; some antibiotics work on one but not the other.
capsule stain capsule remains unstained and forms a while ring around stained cell and
background
-red/pink
This stain is used to detect cells capable of producing biofilm.
Biofilm A surface-coating colony of one or more species of prokaryotes that engage in
metabolic cooperation.
chemically defined media composed of exact amounts of pure chemicals
complex media extracts and digests of yeasts, meat, or plants
differential media allows growth of several types of microbes and displays visible differences
among those microbes
exponential phase -also called log phase
-rate of growth is constant
-population is most uniform in terms of chemical and physical properties during this phase
facultative anaerobes can live with or without oxygen
Can make enough ATP to survive using using fermentation or respiration.
Plasmid; sex pilus Conjugation typically transfers a plasmid from one cell to another by
means of a sex pilus
Sporulation formation of endospores
Germination germinate to vegetative cells that can multiply
vegetative cell a cell that has not formed spores or other resting stages
Endospore benefits It allows the bacterium to produce a dormant and highly resistant cell to
preserve the cell's genetic material in times of extreme stress.
cytoplasmic membrane A phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins that surrounds the
cytoplasm and defines the boundary of the cell
Endocytosis vs. Exocytosis Endo - transport of macromolecules into the cell
Exo - opposite through a vesicle that fuses with the plasma membrane
endosymbiotic theory heory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells
were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria
(prokaryote). This theory explains the origin of eukaryotic cells
Lysosomes Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
- destroys peptidoglycan molecules MORE EFFECTIVE with gram-pos
, Peroxisomes Contain oxidase enzymes that detoxify alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, and other
harmful chemicals
Break down fatty acids and produce hydrogen peroxide
Gram stain Used to classify prokaryotes based on cell wall composition. Important for
antibiotics; some antibiotics work on one but not the other.
capsule stain capsule remains unstained and forms a while ring around stained cell and
background
-red/pink
This stain is used to detect cells capable of producing biofilm.
Biofilm A surface-coating colony of one or more species of prokaryotes that engage in
metabolic cooperation.
chemically defined media composed of exact amounts of pure chemicals
complex media extracts and digests of yeasts, meat, or plants
differential media allows growth of several types of microbes and displays visible differences
among those microbes
exponential phase -also called log phase
-rate of growth is constant
-population is most uniform in terms of chemical and physical properties during this phase
facultative anaerobes can live with or without oxygen
Can make enough ATP to survive using using fermentation or respiration.
