NR547 WEEK 5 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Three principal neurotransmitters
-norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin 5HT
• comprise the monoamine neurotransmitter system
• implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of mood
disorders
• All known pharmacologic treatments for mood disorders act
upon one or more of these three neurotransmitters
-Many of the symptoms of mood disorders are hypothesized to
involve dysfunction of various combinations of the monoamine
neurotransmitters
Ameeta, a 42-year-old female, presents to the primary care clinic
with a three-month history of "feeling low and sad" with poor
energy, inability to concentrate, and irritability. She indicates that
the symptoms were initially present once per week but have
increased to 4-5 times per week. She reports making an error last
week at the grocery store where she works as a cashier and
snapping at the customer when the error was brought to her
attention. She is concerned about her loss of interest in her usual
,social activities and a 20-pound weight gain. She also reports
frequent headaches, difficulty getting out of bed in the morning,
feeling worthless, and low libido. She acknowledges that she feels
guilty daily as she has not visited her son in 6 months and
believes that she has "let him down". Thinking about it keeps her
"up at night". She has difficulty falling and staying asleep every
night. She denies suicidal idea
citalopram 20 mg po daily
Rationale: Although all three drugs are appropriate to use when
treating unipolar depression, Citalopram is an SSRI and is
considered a first-line choice.
The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends
screening for depression in:
the general adult population, including pregnant and post-partum
women.
The American Academy of Pediatrics' Bright Futures program
recommends: (screenin)
annual screening in adolescent clients for emotional and
behavioral problems.
,The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends maternal
screening for postpartum depression at:
infants' 1, 2, and 4- month visits.
atypical features
Weight gain, hypersomnia, heavy feeling in arms or legs
Bipolar disorder
mental illness that causes extreme shifts in emotions, mood, and
energy levels
-Shifts in mood usually occur over several days to weeks
-classified according to the types of mood episodes exhibited
-affects approximately 2.6% of the adult population in the U.S.
-sixth leading cause of disability in the world
-most frequently diagnosed in late adolescence or early 20s
-lifelong condition
, Bipolar disorder symptoms
Depressive Symptoms
-similar to MDD
Manic Symptoms
-elevated, expansive, or irritable mood
Hypomanic Symptoms
-milder form of mania
Mixed Symptoms
-presence of symptoms of depression and mania simultaneously
Bipolar disorder triggers
Environmental factors can trigger
-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) can trigger manic
episode
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
Three principal neurotransmitters
-norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin 5HT
• comprise the monoamine neurotransmitter system
• implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of mood
disorders
• All known pharmacologic treatments for mood disorders act
upon one or more of these three neurotransmitters
-Many of the symptoms of mood disorders are hypothesized to
involve dysfunction of various combinations of the monoamine
neurotransmitters
Ameeta, a 42-year-old female, presents to the primary care clinic
with a three-month history of "feeling low and sad" with poor
energy, inability to concentrate, and irritability. She indicates that
the symptoms were initially present once per week but have
increased to 4-5 times per week. She reports making an error last
week at the grocery store where she works as a cashier and
snapping at the customer when the error was brought to her
attention. She is concerned about her loss of interest in her usual
,social activities and a 20-pound weight gain. She also reports
frequent headaches, difficulty getting out of bed in the morning,
feeling worthless, and low libido. She acknowledges that she feels
guilty daily as she has not visited her son in 6 months and
believes that she has "let him down". Thinking about it keeps her
"up at night". She has difficulty falling and staying asleep every
night. She denies suicidal idea
citalopram 20 mg po daily
Rationale: Although all three drugs are appropriate to use when
treating unipolar depression, Citalopram is an SSRI and is
considered a first-line choice.
The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends
screening for depression in:
the general adult population, including pregnant and post-partum
women.
The American Academy of Pediatrics' Bright Futures program
recommends: (screenin)
annual screening in adolescent clients for emotional and
behavioral problems.
,The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends maternal
screening for postpartum depression at:
infants' 1, 2, and 4- month visits.
atypical features
Weight gain, hypersomnia, heavy feeling in arms or legs
Bipolar disorder
mental illness that causes extreme shifts in emotions, mood, and
energy levels
-Shifts in mood usually occur over several days to weeks
-classified according to the types of mood episodes exhibited
-affects approximately 2.6% of the adult population in the U.S.
-sixth leading cause of disability in the world
-most frequently diagnosed in late adolescence or early 20s
-lifelong condition
, Bipolar disorder symptoms
Depressive Symptoms
-similar to MDD
Manic Symptoms
-elevated, expansive, or irritable mood
Hypomanic Symptoms
-milder form of mania
Mixed Symptoms
-presence of symptoms of depression and mania simultaneously
Bipolar disorder triggers
Environmental factors can trigger
-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) can trigger manic
episode
