NSG 464 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Osteoarthritis (OA) - (answer) Heberden Nodes (DIP joints) and Bouchard Nodes (PIP joints)
- hard and painless
- flexion and deviation deformities
- MCP rarely involved
- Radial deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) - (answer) Symmetric deformity in PIP, MCP, wrist joints
- Tender, painful, stiff
- DIP, MCP, wrist
- Fusiform or spindle-shaped swelling of PIP joints
- Ulnar deviation
Pain Provocation Test - (answer) Positive: shoulder pain from 60-120 degrees
Nerve Impingement Sign - (answer) Press on scapula, raise patient's arm
Hawkins Impingement Sign - (answer) flex arm and shoulder 90• w/ palm down and rotate arm
internally
-will compress greater tuberosity against coracoacromial ligament
External Rotation Lag Test - (answer) Flex arm 90 degrees with palm up, rotate into full external
rotation
- Positive: unable to maintain external rotation; supraspinatus and infraspinatus disorder
Internal Rotation Lag Test - (answer) Ask pt to place dorsum of hand on low back, elbow flexed 90
degrees
- Lift hand off back, further internally rotating shoulder
- Positive: unable to hold this position; subscapularis disorder
,NSG 464 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Drop Arm Test - (answer) Fully abduct arm to shoulder level and lower slowly
- Positive: weakness, supraspinatus rotator cuff tear or bicipital tendinitis
External Rotation Resistance Test - (answer) Adduct and flex arm 90 degrees with thumb turned up
- apply pressure to wrist
positive: infraspinatus disorder
Empty Can Test - (answer) Elevate arms to 90° in front of pt and internally rotate arms with thumbs
pointing down; ask pt to resist as you place downward pressure on arms
Positive for Rotator cuff tear if weakness present
Lateral Epicondylitis - (answer) tennis elbow, characterized by pain on the outer side of the forearm
Medial Epicondylitis - (answer) golfer's elbow, characterized by pain on the palm-side of the forearm
Colles fracture - (answer) fracture of the distal radius at the wrist
Scaphoid fracture - (answer) Anatomical Snuffbox > Radial artery here
Avascular necrosis, most commonly injured wrist bone
Thumb Abduction Test - (answer) Ask patient to raise the thumb straight up as you apply downward
resistance
Positive test - weakness on thumb abduction
- Most sensitive carpal tunnel test
Tinel Test - (answer) Percussion on medial nerve
- Positive: aching and numbing, tingling
, NSG 464 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Phalen's Sign - (answer) Hold backs of hands together with wrists in flexion for 60 seconds
- Positive: numbness/tingling
Sensation Test: median nerve - (answer) pulp of index finger
Sensation Test: ulnar nerve - (answer) pulp of 5th finger
Sensation Test: radial nerve - (answer) dorsal web space of thumb and index finger
Torticollis - (answer) head tilt due to shortening or spasm of one sternomastoid muscle
Spondylolithesis - (answer) forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower vertebra; may compress spinal
cord
Scoliosis - (answer) lateral curvature of the spine
spina bifida - (answer) congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of
vertebral parts
Bulge Sign - (answer) Minor effusion
- Knee extended, apply pressure to "milk" fluid downward
- Tap knee behind patella
- Positive: fluid wave
Balloon Sign - (answer) Major effusion
- Compress suprapatellar pouch against femur
- Palpate for fluid "ballooning" into spaces next to patella under R thumb and index finger
- Positive: palpable fluid wave; present in knee fractures
DETAILED ANSWERS
Osteoarthritis (OA) - (answer) Heberden Nodes (DIP joints) and Bouchard Nodes (PIP joints)
- hard and painless
- flexion and deviation deformities
- MCP rarely involved
- Radial deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) - (answer) Symmetric deformity in PIP, MCP, wrist joints
- Tender, painful, stiff
- DIP, MCP, wrist
- Fusiform or spindle-shaped swelling of PIP joints
- Ulnar deviation
Pain Provocation Test - (answer) Positive: shoulder pain from 60-120 degrees
Nerve Impingement Sign - (answer) Press on scapula, raise patient's arm
Hawkins Impingement Sign - (answer) flex arm and shoulder 90• w/ palm down and rotate arm
internally
-will compress greater tuberosity against coracoacromial ligament
External Rotation Lag Test - (answer) Flex arm 90 degrees with palm up, rotate into full external
rotation
- Positive: unable to maintain external rotation; supraspinatus and infraspinatus disorder
Internal Rotation Lag Test - (answer) Ask pt to place dorsum of hand on low back, elbow flexed 90
degrees
- Lift hand off back, further internally rotating shoulder
- Positive: unable to hold this position; subscapularis disorder
,NSG 464 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Drop Arm Test - (answer) Fully abduct arm to shoulder level and lower slowly
- Positive: weakness, supraspinatus rotator cuff tear or bicipital tendinitis
External Rotation Resistance Test - (answer) Adduct and flex arm 90 degrees with thumb turned up
- apply pressure to wrist
positive: infraspinatus disorder
Empty Can Test - (answer) Elevate arms to 90° in front of pt and internally rotate arms with thumbs
pointing down; ask pt to resist as you place downward pressure on arms
Positive for Rotator cuff tear if weakness present
Lateral Epicondylitis - (answer) tennis elbow, characterized by pain on the outer side of the forearm
Medial Epicondylitis - (answer) golfer's elbow, characterized by pain on the palm-side of the forearm
Colles fracture - (answer) fracture of the distal radius at the wrist
Scaphoid fracture - (answer) Anatomical Snuffbox > Radial artery here
Avascular necrosis, most commonly injured wrist bone
Thumb Abduction Test - (answer) Ask patient to raise the thumb straight up as you apply downward
resistance
Positive test - weakness on thumb abduction
- Most sensitive carpal tunnel test
Tinel Test - (answer) Percussion on medial nerve
- Positive: aching and numbing, tingling
, NSG 464 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Phalen's Sign - (answer) Hold backs of hands together with wrists in flexion for 60 seconds
- Positive: numbness/tingling
Sensation Test: median nerve - (answer) pulp of index finger
Sensation Test: ulnar nerve - (answer) pulp of 5th finger
Sensation Test: radial nerve - (answer) dorsal web space of thumb and index finger
Torticollis - (answer) head tilt due to shortening or spasm of one sternomastoid muscle
Spondylolithesis - (answer) forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower vertebra; may compress spinal
cord
Scoliosis - (answer) lateral curvature of the spine
spina bifida - (answer) congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of
vertebral parts
Bulge Sign - (answer) Minor effusion
- Knee extended, apply pressure to "milk" fluid downward
- Tap knee behind patella
- Positive: fluid wave
Balloon Sign - (answer) Major effusion
- Compress suprapatellar pouch against femur
- Palpate for fluid "ballooning" into spaces next to patella under R thumb and index finger
- Positive: palpable fluid wave; present in knee fractures
