ASM 275 EXAMINATION TEST 2025/2026 ANSWERS AND
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔plan view map - ✔✔horizontal display of 2D data on the map, or a horizontal cross-
section of 3D data
✔✔datum - ✔✔A horizontal plane from which heights and depths are measured.
-provides reference point
✔✔forensic taphonomy - ✔✔studies what happens to the body from the time of death
through discovery ; study of burial
✔✔-forensic entomology - ✔✔The study of insects to determine such matters as a
person's time of death.
blow flies (appear first) and beetles (appear AFTER flies) are studied
✔✔putrefaction - ✔✔consumption of the body by endogenous bacteria - decomposition
of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria
✔✔autolysis - ✔✔results from cell death and action of enzymes that work against the
cell and destroy it
✔✔rigor mortis - ✔✔chemical binding of muscles fibers, muscles lock in place
1-2hrs- apparent; 12hrs- complete stiffness; 24-48hrs- releases.
✔✔algor mortis - ✔✔body temperature drops following death.
2 deg. C- 1hr; 2 deg. C for every hour after that until ambient room temperature is
reached.
✔✔livor mortis - ✔✔discoloration of body due to setting of blood and other bodily fluids.
1-2hrs-apparent; 3-4hrs- well developed; 8-12hrs- fixed due to coagulation
✔✔bone weathering - ✔✔A bone left lying outside will eventually disintegrate
-determine the age of younger bones by studying the state of decomposition of the
body, and the types of insects swarming the scene
✔✔Clavicle - ✔✔
✔✔Scapula - ✔✔
✔✔Sternum - ✔✔
✔✔Ribs - ✔✔
, ✔✔Humerus - ✔✔
✔✔Radius - ✔✔
✔✔Ulna - ✔✔
✔✔Carpals - ✔✔
✔✔Metacarpals - ✔✔
✔✔Phalanges - ✔✔
✔✔cervical vertebrae - ✔✔
✔✔thoracic vertebrae - ✔✔
✔✔lumbar vertebrae - ✔✔
✔✔os coxa - ✔✔
✔✔Sacrum - ✔✔
✔✔Coccyx - ✔✔
✔✔Femur - ✔✔
✔✔Patella - ✔✔
✔✔Tibia - ✔✔
✔✔Fibula - ✔✔
✔✔tarsals - ✔✔
✔✔Metatarsals - ✔✔
✔✔Phalanges (2) - ✔✔
✔✔Mandible - ✔✔
✔✔Maxilla - ✔✔
✔✔Frontal - ✔✔
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔plan view map - ✔✔horizontal display of 2D data on the map, or a horizontal cross-
section of 3D data
✔✔datum - ✔✔A horizontal plane from which heights and depths are measured.
-provides reference point
✔✔forensic taphonomy - ✔✔studies what happens to the body from the time of death
through discovery ; study of burial
✔✔-forensic entomology - ✔✔The study of insects to determine such matters as a
person's time of death.
blow flies (appear first) and beetles (appear AFTER flies) are studied
✔✔putrefaction - ✔✔consumption of the body by endogenous bacteria - decomposition
of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria
✔✔autolysis - ✔✔results from cell death and action of enzymes that work against the
cell and destroy it
✔✔rigor mortis - ✔✔chemical binding of muscles fibers, muscles lock in place
1-2hrs- apparent; 12hrs- complete stiffness; 24-48hrs- releases.
✔✔algor mortis - ✔✔body temperature drops following death.
2 deg. C- 1hr; 2 deg. C for every hour after that until ambient room temperature is
reached.
✔✔livor mortis - ✔✔discoloration of body due to setting of blood and other bodily fluids.
1-2hrs-apparent; 3-4hrs- well developed; 8-12hrs- fixed due to coagulation
✔✔bone weathering - ✔✔A bone left lying outside will eventually disintegrate
-determine the age of younger bones by studying the state of decomposition of the
body, and the types of insects swarming the scene
✔✔Clavicle - ✔✔
✔✔Scapula - ✔✔
✔✔Sternum - ✔✔
✔✔Ribs - ✔✔
, ✔✔Humerus - ✔✔
✔✔Radius - ✔✔
✔✔Ulna - ✔✔
✔✔Carpals - ✔✔
✔✔Metacarpals - ✔✔
✔✔Phalanges - ✔✔
✔✔cervical vertebrae - ✔✔
✔✔thoracic vertebrae - ✔✔
✔✔lumbar vertebrae - ✔✔
✔✔os coxa - ✔✔
✔✔Sacrum - ✔✔
✔✔Coccyx - ✔✔
✔✔Femur - ✔✔
✔✔Patella - ✔✔
✔✔Tibia - ✔✔
✔✔Fibula - ✔✔
✔✔tarsals - ✔✔
✔✔Metatarsals - ✔✔
✔✔Phalanges (2) - ✔✔
✔✔Mandible - ✔✔
✔✔Maxilla - ✔✔
✔✔Frontal - ✔✔
