NSNE 7100 Final Question and answers
already passed 2025
Some of the short term benefits of preconception care include - correct
answers - reducing the number of preterm births
- decreasing the number of unintended pregnancies
- lowering the risk of genetic disorders or environmental exposures
- reducing maternal and neonatal mortality
- improving maternal and child health outcomes
When is the maternal-placental-embryonic circulation in place and the fetal
heart starts beating? - correct answers day 17
Is the placenta a barrier? - correct answers No, its a "sieve".
Some substances can cross, others can't.
What 4 hormones does the placenta secrete? - correct answers -human
chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
-human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)
-estrogen
-progesterone
What are the 4 metabolic functions of the placenta? - correct answers
respiration, nutrition, excretion, and storage.
Marnie stopped using birth control 3 months ago. This month instead of her
normal period she experienced just a small amount of spotting.
,What might the cause of this spotting be? - correct answers Implantation
bleeding
What does the umbilical cord consist of? - correct answers 1 vein and 2
arteries (AVA)
What is the function of Wharton's jelly? - correct answers protects the cord
vessels from compression.
What are are the two fetal membranes that surround the developing embryo
and fetus throughout pregnancy? - correct answers The chorion and amnion
What are the chorion and amnion? What is their purpose? - correct answers
Amnion = inner membrane that surrounds fetus.
Chorion = outer membrane.
The 2 membranes adhere to form the fetal sac full of amniotic fluid.
What is the function of the "fetal sac"? - correct answers Protects fetus from
ascending infection during pregnancy
What is oligohydramnios? What does this mean for baby? - correct answers
too little amniotic fluid (less than 300mL in 3rd trimester).
It is associated with fetal renal anomalies and growth restriction.
What is polyhydramnios? What does this mean for baby? - correct answers
Too much amniotic fluid (2L or more).
,It is associated with neural tube defects, gastrointestinal or other fetal
anomalies.
What are the characteristics of normal amniotic fluid? - correct answers clear,
pale straw-colored, and has a characteristic odor that is neither foul smelling
nor like urine.
When does the embryo's heart start beating, and when is the placenta
structurally complete? - correct answers Heart = Day 17
Placenta = 12th week
What four hormones does the placenta produce and how do they function? -
correct answers Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) = preserves the
function of the corpus luteum
Human placental lactogen (hPL) = stimulates maternal metabolism, increases
maternal resistance to insulin, facilitates glucose transport across placenta,
stimulates breast development
Progesterone =maintains endometrium, decreases contractility of the uterus,
stimulates development of breast alveoli, stimulates maternal metabolism
Estrogen = stimulates uterine growth and uteroplacental blood flow, causes
proliferation of breast glandular tissue
Describe the fetal and maternal sides of the placenta. - correct answers Fetal
side = smooth, shiny, and bluishpurple, with veins branching out from the
umbilical cord, which is usually attached in the center to the edges of the
placenta.
, Maternal = red, rough textured, and looks a little like liver. It is made up of 15-
20 cotyledons
Does the placenta act as a "barrier" that stops harmful substances from
getting to the fetus? - correct answers No, most drugs and many viruses can
pass through the placental membrane, which acts more like a filter than a
"barrier."
If a pregnant woman's blood circulation is compromised, what is the best
position to ensure maximum blood flow to the placenta? - correct answers Lay
on left side
How many arteries and veins does the umbilical cord have and what do they
do? - correct answers Arteries - two, which carry deoxygenated blood from the
embryo/fetus to the placenta
Vein - one, which carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the
embryo/fetus
What is the name of the substance in the cord that prevents compression of
the blood vessels? - correct answers Wharton's jelly
What are the names of the two fetal membranes and which are the inner and
outer layers? - correct answers The two fetal membranes are the amnion,
which is the inner layer; and the chorion, which is the outer layer.
Name four functions of the amniotic fluid. - correct answers -Maintains
constant temperature
-Equalizes pressure, cushions from trauma
-Protects from infection
already passed 2025
Some of the short term benefits of preconception care include - correct
answers - reducing the number of preterm births
- decreasing the number of unintended pregnancies
- lowering the risk of genetic disorders or environmental exposures
- reducing maternal and neonatal mortality
- improving maternal and child health outcomes
When is the maternal-placental-embryonic circulation in place and the fetal
heart starts beating? - correct answers day 17
Is the placenta a barrier? - correct answers No, its a "sieve".
Some substances can cross, others can't.
What 4 hormones does the placenta secrete? - correct answers -human
chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
-human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)
-estrogen
-progesterone
What are the 4 metabolic functions of the placenta? - correct answers
respiration, nutrition, excretion, and storage.
Marnie stopped using birth control 3 months ago. This month instead of her
normal period she experienced just a small amount of spotting.
,What might the cause of this spotting be? - correct answers Implantation
bleeding
What does the umbilical cord consist of? - correct answers 1 vein and 2
arteries (AVA)
What is the function of Wharton's jelly? - correct answers protects the cord
vessels from compression.
What are are the two fetal membranes that surround the developing embryo
and fetus throughout pregnancy? - correct answers The chorion and amnion
What are the chorion and amnion? What is their purpose? - correct answers
Amnion = inner membrane that surrounds fetus.
Chorion = outer membrane.
The 2 membranes adhere to form the fetal sac full of amniotic fluid.
What is the function of the "fetal sac"? - correct answers Protects fetus from
ascending infection during pregnancy
What is oligohydramnios? What does this mean for baby? - correct answers
too little amniotic fluid (less than 300mL in 3rd trimester).
It is associated with fetal renal anomalies and growth restriction.
What is polyhydramnios? What does this mean for baby? - correct answers
Too much amniotic fluid (2L or more).
,It is associated with neural tube defects, gastrointestinal or other fetal
anomalies.
What are the characteristics of normal amniotic fluid? - correct answers clear,
pale straw-colored, and has a characteristic odor that is neither foul smelling
nor like urine.
When does the embryo's heart start beating, and when is the placenta
structurally complete? - correct answers Heart = Day 17
Placenta = 12th week
What four hormones does the placenta produce and how do they function? -
correct answers Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) = preserves the
function of the corpus luteum
Human placental lactogen (hPL) = stimulates maternal metabolism, increases
maternal resistance to insulin, facilitates glucose transport across placenta,
stimulates breast development
Progesterone =maintains endometrium, decreases contractility of the uterus,
stimulates development of breast alveoli, stimulates maternal metabolism
Estrogen = stimulates uterine growth and uteroplacental blood flow, causes
proliferation of breast glandular tissue
Describe the fetal and maternal sides of the placenta. - correct answers Fetal
side = smooth, shiny, and bluishpurple, with veins branching out from the
umbilical cord, which is usually attached in the center to the edges of the
placenta.
, Maternal = red, rough textured, and looks a little like liver. It is made up of 15-
20 cotyledons
Does the placenta act as a "barrier" that stops harmful substances from
getting to the fetus? - correct answers No, most drugs and many viruses can
pass through the placental membrane, which acts more like a filter than a
"barrier."
If a pregnant woman's blood circulation is compromised, what is the best
position to ensure maximum blood flow to the placenta? - correct answers Lay
on left side
How many arteries and veins does the umbilical cord have and what do they
do? - correct answers Arteries - two, which carry deoxygenated blood from the
embryo/fetus to the placenta
Vein - one, which carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the
embryo/fetus
What is the name of the substance in the cord that prevents compression of
the blood vessels? - correct answers Wharton's jelly
What are the names of the two fetal membranes and which are the inner and
outer layers? - correct answers The two fetal membranes are the amnion,
which is the inner layer; and the chorion, which is the outer layer.
Name four functions of the amniotic fluid. - correct answers -Maintains
constant temperature
-Equalizes pressure, cushions from trauma
-Protects from infection
