BIO 152 Midterm Exam with accurate
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detailed solutions |
Adaptation - Correct answer ✔traits that enhances fitness, promotes relatively
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higher reproduction compared to other versions of the trait, relative and
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depends on the situation | | |
biological fitness - Correct answer ✔levels of reproduction relative to others in a
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population/how much a genotype is represented in the next generation
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melanin - Correct answer ✔pigment in top layer of skin, hair, bird feathers;
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protects from UV radiation; regulated body temperature
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genetic variation - Correct answer ✔within races
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UV intensity trend - Correct answer ✔predicts skin color, more UV = darker
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UV is needed for vitamin D
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MC1R - Correct answer ✔gene that produces eumelanin and pheomelanin
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genotype - Correct answer ✔genes that make up a trait
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phenotype - Correct answer ✔physical expression of a genotype
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,physical fitness - Correct answer ✔health and wellness of an organism
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evolution - Correct answer ✔change in allele frequencies of a population over
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time
biological evolution - Correct answer ✔change in frequencies of a genetic trait
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in a population over a period of time
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natural selection - Correct answer ✔traits that increase fitness become more
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common in a population over generations does not try to make a population
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better, the only type of selection that leads to adaptation
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artificial selection - Correct answer ✔occurs by decisions of humans
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natural selection requirements - Correct answer ✔heritable variation and
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differential reproduction |
allele - Correct answer ✔alternate form of a gene
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gene pool - Correct answer ✔all the alleles in all of the individuals of a
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population
limits of adaptation - Correct answer ✔not all evolution is adaptive
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adaptions are compromises | |
, historical constraints - constantly changing and only works with variations that
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exist
ways genetic information can change between populations - Correct answer
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✔migration - movement of individuals | | | |
genetic drift - random event that changes the number of genes in future
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generations
genetic drift - Correct answer ✔increases variation among populations and
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decreases variation within populations
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gene flow - Correct answer ✔increases variation within populations but
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decreases variation among | |
bottleneck effect - Correct answer ✔genetic drift that results in a reduction of
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individuals
mechanisms of evolution - Correct answer ✔mutation| | | | | |
gene flow-genes between population
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genetic drift - can lead to fixation of a single allele
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non-random mating - variation in ability to obtain mates
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natural selection - traits that increase fitness become more common
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founder effect - Correct answer ✔genetic drift that occurs when a small group
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in a population splits off from the original
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detailed solutions |
Adaptation - Correct answer ✔traits that enhances fitness, promotes relatively
| | | | | | | | | |
higher reproduction compared to other versions of the trait, relative and
| | | | | | | | | | |
depends on the situation | | |
biological fitness - Correct answer ✔levels of reproduction relative to others in a
| | | | | | | | | | | |
population/how much a genotype is represented in the next generation
| | | | | | | | | |
melanin - Correct answer ✔pigment in top layer of skin, hair, bird feathers;
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
protects from UV radiation; regulated body temperature
| | | | | |
genetic variation - Correct answer ✔within races
| | | | | |
UV intensity trend - Correct answer ✔predicts skin color, more UV = darker
| | | | | | | | | | | |
UV is needed for vitamin D
| | | | |
MC1R - Correct answer ✔gene that produces eumelanin and pheomelanin
| | | | | | | | |
genotype - Correct answer ✔genes that make up a trait
| | | | | | | | |
phenotype - Correct answer ✔physical expression of a genotype
| | | | | | | |
,physical fitness - Correct answer ✔health and wellness of an organism
| | | | | | | | | |
evolution - Correct answer ✔change in allele frequencies of a population over
| | | | | | | | | | | |
time
biological evolution - Correct answer ✔change in frequencies of a genetic trait
| | | | | | | | | | | |
in a population over a period of time
| | | | | | |
natural selection - Correct answer ✔traits that increase fitness become more
| | | | | | | | | | |
common in a population over generations does not try to make a population
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
better, the only type of selection that leads to adaptation
| | | | | | | | |
artificial selection - Correct answer ✔occurs by decisions of humans
| | | | | | | | |
natural selection requirements - Correct answer ✔heritable variation and
| | | | | | | | |
differential reproduction |
allele - Correct answer ✔alternate form of a gene
| | | | | | | |
gene pool - Correct answer ✔all the alleles in all of the individuals of a
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
population
limits of adaptation - Correct answer ✔not all evolution is adaptive
| | | | | | | | | |
adaptions are compromises | |
, historical constraints - constantly changing and only works with variations that
| | | | | | | | | | |
exist
ways genetic information can change between populations - Correct answer
| | | | | | | | | |
✔migration - movement of individuals | | | |
genetic drift - random event that changes the number of genes in future
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
generations
genetic drift - Correct answer ✔increases variation among populations and
| | | | | | | | | |
decreases variation within populations
| | |
gene flow - Correct answer ✔increases variation within populations but
| | | | | | | | | |
decreases variation among | |
bottleneck effect - Correct answer ✔genetic drift that results in a reduction of
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
individuals
mechanisms of evolution - Correct answer ✔mutation| | | | | |
gene flow-genes between population
| | |
genetic drift - can lead to fixation of a single allele
| | | | | | | | | |
non-random mating - variation in ability to obtain mates
| | | | | | | |
natural selection - traits that increase fitness become more common
| | | | | | | | |
founder effect - Correct answer ✔genetic drift that occurs when a small group
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
in a population splits off from the original
| | | | | | |
