HNG 504 Exam 1 Questions With correct
Answers
Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-a |process |of |systematically |examining |varying |viewpoints |related |to |
moral |questions |of |right |and |wrong
Bioethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-The |study |and |formulation |of |healthcare |ethics. |Takes |on |relevant |
ethical |problems |experienced |by |healthcare |providers |in |the |provision |of |care |to |individuals |and |
groups.
Ethical |Dilemma |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Arises |when |moral |issues |raise |questions |that |cannot |be |
answered |with |a |simple, |clearly |defined |rule, |fact, |or |authoritative |view
Morals |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refer |to |social |conventions |about |right |and |wrong |human |conduct |
that |are |so |widely |shared |that |they |form |a |stable |(although |usually |incomplete) |communal |consensus
Moral |Dilemmas |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Arise |with |uncertainty, |as |is |the |case |when |a |person |is |
confronted |with |evidence |that |indicates |an |action |is |morally |right |and |other |evidence |that |indicates |
the |same |action |is |morally |wrong.
Ethical |Decision |Making |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refers |to |the |process |of |making |informed |choices |
about |ethical |dilemmas |based |on |a |set |of |standards |differentiating |right |from |wrong.
Non-maleficence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-"do |not |harm". |Asserts |an |obligation |not |to |inflict |harm |
intentionally |and |forms |the |framework |for |the |standard |of |due |care |to |be |met |by |any |professional. |
Not |inflicting |harm |and |not |imposing |risks |of |harm.
E-Health |Code |of |Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-(1) |candor, |(2) |honesty, |(3) |quality, |(4) |informed |
consent, |(5) |privacy, |(6) |professionalism, |(7) |responsible |partnering, |and |(8) |accountability.
Hippocratic |Tradition |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Emerged |from |relatively |homogeneous |societies |in |
which |beliefs |were |similar |and |most |societal |members |shared |common |values. |The |emphasis |was |on |
duty, |virtue, |and |gentlemanly |conduct.
,Principalsim |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Arose |as |societies |became |more |heterogeneous |and |members |
began |experiencing |a |diversity |of |incompatible |beliefs |and |values; |it |emerged |as |a |foundation |for |
ethical |decision-making. |Principles |were |expansive |enough |to |be |shared |by |all |rational |individuals, |
regardless |of |their |backgrounds |and |individual |beliefs. |Four |guiding |principles: |(1) |respect |for |
autonomy, |(2) |non-maleficence, |(3) |beneficence, |and |(4) |justice.
Autonomy |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-refers |to |an |individual's |freedom |from |controlling |interferences |by
|others |and |from |personal |limitations |that |prevent |meaningful |choices, |such |as |inadequate |
understanding. |Two |conditions |are |essential: |
liberty, |meaning |independence |from |controlling |influences, |and |an |individual's |capacity |for |intentional
|action.
Negligence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A |departure |from |the |standard |of |due |care |toward |others. |
Includes |intentionally |imposing |risks |that |are |unreasonable |and |unintentionally |but |carelessly |
imposing |risks.
Beneficence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refers |to |actions |performed |that |contribute |to |the |welfare |of |
others. |Two |principles |underlie: |positive |requires |the |provision |of |benefits, |and |utility |requires |that |
benefits |and |drawbacks |be |balanced. |One |must |avoid |negative, |which |occurs |when |constraints |are |
placed |on |activities |that, |even |though |they |might |not |be |unjust, |could |in |some |situations |cause |
detriment |or |harm |to |others.
Justice |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refers |to |fair, |equitable, |and |appropriate |treatment |in |light |of |what |is
|due |or |owed |to |a |person.
Distributive |Justice |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-refers |to |fair, |equitable, |and |appropriate |distribution |in |
society |as |determined |by |justified |norms |that |structure |the |terms |of |social |cooperation.
Substantive |Rules |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Rules |of |truth |telling, |confidentiality, |privacy, |and |fidelity |
and |those |pertaining |to |the |allocation |and |rationing |of |health |care, |omitting |treatment, |physician-
assisted |suicide, |and |informed |consent
Authority |Rules |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Indicate |who |may |and |should |perform |actions.
, Procedural |rules |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-establish |the |procedures |to |be |followed.
Casuist |Approach/ |Casuistry |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Case-based |ethical |reasoning |method |that |
analyzes |the |facts |of |a |case |in |a |sound, |logical, |ordered, |and |structured |manner
The |Husted |Bioethical |Decision-Making |Model |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Decision-making |model |centers
|on |the |healthcare |professional's |implicit |agreement |with |the |patient |or |client |(Husted |& |Husted, |
1995). |It |is |based |on |six |contemporary |bioethical |standards: |(1) |autonomy, |(2) |freedom, |(3) |veracity, |
(4) |privacy, |(5) |beneficence, |and |(6) |fidelity.
Virtue |Ethics |Approach |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Emphasizes |the |virtuous |character |of |individuals |who |
make |the |choices. |Emphasize |the |ideal |situation |and |attempt |to |identify |and |define |ideals. |A |person |
acts |immorally |because |the |individual |does |not |know |what |is |really |good |for |him |or |her. |Four |
cardinal |virtues: |(1) |wisdom, |(2) |courage, |(3) |self-control, |and |(4) |justice.
Nicomachean |Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-virtues |are |connected |to |will |and |motive |because |the |
intention |is |what |determines |whether |one |is |or |is |not |acting |virtuously.
Care |Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Responsiveness |to |the |needs |of |others |that |dictates |providing |
care, |preventing |harm, |and |maintaining |relationships
ETHICAL |model |for |ethical |decision |making |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Examine |the |ethical |dilemma |
(conflicting |values |exist).
Thoroughly |comprehend |the |possible |alternatives |available.
Hypothesize |ethical |arguments.
Investigate, |compare, |and |evaluate |the |arguments |for |each |alternative.
Choose |the |alternative |you |would |recommend.
Act |on |your |chosen |alternative.
Look |at |the |ethical |dilemma |and |examine |the |outcomes |while |reflecting |on |the |ethical |decision.
Nursing |Informatics |(NI) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-specialty |that |integrates |nursing |science, |computer |
science, |and |information |science |to |manage |and |communicate |data, |information, |and |knowledge |in |
nursing |practice
Answers
Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-a |process |of |systematically |examining |varying |viewpoints |related |to |
moral |questions |of |right |and |wrong
Bioethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-The |study |and |formulation |of |healthcare |ethics. |Takes |on |relevant |
ethical |problems |experienced |by |healthcare |providers |in |the |provision |of |care |to |individuals |and |
groups.
Ethical |Dilemma |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Arises |when |moral |issues |raise |questions |that |cannot |be |
answered |with |a |simple, |clearly |defined |rule, |fact, |or |authoritative |view
Morals |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refer |to |social |conventions |about |right |and |wrong |human |conduct |
that |are |so |widely |shared |that |they |form |a |stable |(although |usually |incomplete) |communal |consensus
Moral |Dilemmas |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Arise |with |uncertainty, |as |is |the |case |when |a |person |is |
confronted |with |evidence |that |indicates |an |action |is |morally |right |and |other |evidence |that |indicates |
the |same |action |is |morally |wrong.
Ethical |Decision |Making |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refers |to |the |process |of |making |informed |choices |
about |ethical |dilemmas |based |on |a |set |of |standards |differentiating |right |from |wrong.
Non-maleficence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-"do |not |harm". |Asserts |an |obligation |not |to |inflict |harm |
intentionally |and |forms |the |framework |for |the |standard |of |due |care |to |be |met |by |any |professional. |
Not |inflicting |harm |and |not |imposing |risks |of |harm.
E-Health |Code |of |Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-(1) |candor, |(2) |honesty, |(3) |quality, |(4) |informed |
consent, |(5) |privacy, |(6) |professionalism, |(7) |responsible |partnering, |and |(8) |accountability.
Hippocratic |Tradition |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Emerged |from |relatively |homogeneous |societies |in |
which |beliefs |were |similar |and |most |societal |members |shared |common |values. |The |emphasis |was |on |
duty, |virtue, |and |gentlemanly |conduct.
,Principalsim |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Arose |as |societies |became |more |heterogeneous |and |members |
began |experiencing |a |diversity |of |incompatible |beliefs |and |values; |it |emerged |as |a |foundation |for |
ethical |decision-making. |Principles |were |expansive |enough |to |be |shared |by |all |rational |individuals, |
regardless |of |their |backgrounds |and |individual |beliefs. |Four |guiding |principles: |(1) |respect |for |
autonomy, |(2) |non-maleficence, |(3) |beneficence, |and |(4) |justice.
Autonomy |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-refers |to |an |individual's |freedom |from |controlling |interferences |by
|others |and |from |personal |limitations |that |prevent |meaningful |choices, |such |as |inadequate |
understanding. |Two |conditions |are |essential: |
liberty, |meaning |independence |from |controlling |influences, |and |an |individual's |capacity |for |intentional
|action.
Negligence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-A |departure |from |the |standard |of |due |care |toward |others. |
Includes |intentionally |imposing |risks |that |are |unreasonable |and |unintentionally |but |carelessly |
imposing |risks.
Beneficence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refers |to |actions |performed |that |contribute |to |the |welfare |of |
others. |Two |principles |underlie: |positive |requires |the |provision |of |benefits, |and |utility |requires |that |
benefits |and |drawbacks |be |balanced. |One |must |avoid |negative, |which |occurs |when |constraints |are |
placed |on |activities |that, |even |though |they |might |not |be |unjust, |could |in |some |situations |cause |
detriment |or |harm |to |others.
Justice |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Refers |to |fair, |equitable, |and |appropriate |treatment |in |light |of |what |is
|due |or |owed |to |a |person.
Distributive |Justice |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-refers |to |fair, |equitable, |and |appropriate |distribution |in |
society |as |determined |by |justified |norms |that |structure |the |terms |of |social |cooperation.
Substantive |Rules |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Rules |of |truth |telling, |confidentiality, |privacy, |and |fidelity |
and |those |pertaining |to |the |allocation |and |rationing |of |health |care, |omitting |treatment, |physician-
assisted |suicide, |and |informed |consent
Authority |Rules |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Indicate |who |may |and |should |perform |actions.
, Procedural |rules |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-establish |the |procedures |to |be |followed.
Casuist |Approach/ |Casuistry |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Case-based |ethical |reasoning |method |that |
analyzes |the |facts |of |a |case |in |a |sound, |logical, |ordered, |and |structured |manner
The |Husted |Bioethical |Decision-Making |Model |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Decision-making |model |centers
|on |the |healthcare |professional's |implicit |agreement |with |the |patient |or |client |(Husted |& |Husted, |
1995). |It |is |based |on |six |contemporary |bioethical |standards: |(1) |autonomy, |(2) |freedom, |(3) |veracity, |
(4) |privacy, |(5) |beneficence, |and |(6) |fidelity.
Virtue |Ethics |Approach |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Emphasizes |the |virtuous |character |of |individuals |who |
make |the |choices. |Emphasize |the |ideal |situation |and |attempt |to |identify |and |define |ideals. |A |person |
acts |immorally |because |the |individual |does |not |know |what |is |really |good |for |him |or |her. |Four |
cardinal |virtues: |(1) |wisdom, |(2) |courage, |(3) |self-control, |and |(4) |justice.
Nicomachean |Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-virtues |are |connected |to |will |and |motive |because |the |
intention |is |what |determines |whether |one |is |or |is |not |acting |virtuously.
Care |Ethics |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Responsiveness |to |the |needs |of |others |that |dictates |providing |
care, |preventing |harm, |and |maintaining |relationships
ETHICAL |model |for |ethical |decision |making |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Examine |the |ethical |dilemma |
(conflicting |values |exist).
Thoroughly |comprehend |the |possible |alternatives |available.
Hypothesize |ethical |arguments.
Investigate, |compare, |and |evaluate |the |arguments |for |each |alternative.
Choose |the |alternative |you |would |recommend.
Act |on |your |chosen |alternative.
Look |at |the |ethical |dilemma |and |examine |the |outcomes |while |reflecting |on |the |ethical |decision.
Nursing |Informatics |(NI) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-specialty |that |integrates |nursing |science, |computer |
science, |and |information |science |to |manage |and |communicate |data, |information, |and |knowledge |in |
nursing |practice
