MCCN SDAP X - Pathophysiology II
Exam 1 Blueprint correctly answered to
pass
WBC - correct answer ✔✔White Blood Cells
ESR - correct answer ✔✔Erythrocyte Sedimentation Route
CRP - correct answer ✔✔C-Reactive Protein
RF - correct answer ✔✔Renal Failure
ANA - correct answer ✔✔Antinuclear antibody
LE - correct answer ✔✔Lupus Erythematous Cell
RA - correct answer ✔✔Rheumatoid Arthritis
SLE - correct answer ✔✔Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
HgbA1c (Identifies normal A1c and A1c consistent with diabetes mellitus) - correct answer
✔✔Average blood sugar over 3-4 months expressed in %. 6.5% is diagnostic for diabetes.
BS - correct answer ✔✔Blood Sugar
,FBS (Identifies normal FBS, pre-diabetes and diabetes) - correct answer ✔✔Fasting Blood Sugar
Normal: 99 or less
Pre-diabetes:100-125
Diabetes: 126 or higher
PPBS (Identifies normal 2 hour PPBS, pre diabetes and diabetes) - correct answer ✔✔Post-
Prandial plasma glucose (means after a meal)
Normal: 139 or less,
Pre-diabetes: 140-199
Diabetes: 200 or higher
T1DM - correct answer ✔✔Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
T2DM - correct answer ✔✔Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DKA - correct answer ✔✔Diabetic Keto-acidosis
HLA - correct answer ✔✔Human Leukocyte Antigen marks your cells as self, so your immune
system recognizes your cells and does not activate immune response against them
Describes the physiology of inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation is a normal process
except when it's exaggerated or prolonged. It is a non-specific vascular and cellular response to
injury, tissue ischemia and infection
Vascular Effects: Constrict and contain. Dilate and dilute.
, Cellular Effects: Emigration of WBCs (diapedesis). Chemotaxis leading to phagocytosis.
Differentiates acute vs chronic inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Acute has a rapid onset and
short course. Chronic is long-lasting and often recurrent, usually has to do with an autoimmune
condition.
Describes the possible outcomes of chronic inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Fibrosis (scarring
of tissue) →loss of function → disability
Identify signs and symptoms of inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Redness (rubor), swelling,
heat, pain or tenderness
Discuss the rationale for the signs and symptoms of inflammation - correct answer
✔✔Increased arterial flow to the area cause heat and redness.
When the area swells the tissue stretches and this is what causes pain and tenderness. The
swelling allows the body to trap bacteria and allow plasma and WBCs to infiltrate the area to
eliminate the bacteria.
Discusses the laboratory findings in a person with inflammation (WBC, ESR, CRP) - correct
answer ✔✔WBC: Increased w/ increased neutrophils
ESR and CRP: Increased (with chronic inflammation)
Discusses the role of ESR and CRP in monitoring treatment for inflammatory conditions. -
correct answer ✔✔These values are used to monitor effectiveness of therapy. When the
condition is treated these numbers should decrease.
Discuss cause of inflammatory pain - correct answer ✔✔The tissue stretching from swelling
causes pain, sometimes can cause referred pain
Exam 1 Blueprint correctly answered to
pass
WBC - correct answer ✔✔White Blood Cells
ESR - correct answer ✔✔Erythrocyte Sedimentation Route
CRP - correct answer ✔✔C-Reactive Protein
RF - correct answer ✔✔Renal Failure
ANA - correct answer ✔✔Antinuclear antibody
LE - correct answer ✔✔Lupus Erythematous Cell
RA - correct answer ✔✔Rheumatoid Arthritis
SLE - correct answer ✔✔Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
HgbA1c (Identifies normal A1c and A1c consistent with diabetes mellitus) - correct answer
✔✔Average blood sugar over 3-4 months expressed in %. 6.5% is diagnostic for diabetes.
BS - correct answer ✔✔Blood Sugar
,FBS (Identifies normal FBS, pre-diabetes and diabetes) - correct answer ✔✔Fasting Blood Sugar
Normal: 99 or less
Pre-diabetes:100-125
Diabetes: 126 or higher
PPBS (Identifies normal 2 hour PPBS, pre diabetes and diabetes) - correct answer ✔✔Post-
Prandial plasma glucose (means after a meal)
Normal: 139 or less,
Pre-diabetes: 140-199
Diabetes: 200 or higher
T1DM - correct answer ✔✔Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
T2DM - correct answer ✔✔Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DKA - correct answer ✔✔Diabetic Keto-acidosis
HLA - correct answer ✔✔Human Leukocyte Antigen marks your cells as self, so your immune
system recognizes your cells and does not activate immune response against them
Describes the physiology of inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation is a normal process
except when it's exaggerated or prolonged. It is a non-specific vascular and cellular response to
injury, tissue ischemia and infection
Vascular Effects: Constrict and contain. Dilate and dilute.
, Cellular Effects: Emigration of WBCs (diapedesis). Chemotaxis leading to phagocytosis.
Differentiates acute vs chronic inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Acute has a rapid onset and
short course. Chronic is long-lasting and often recurrent, usually has to do with an autoimmune
condition.
Describes the possible outcomes of chronic inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Fibrosis (scarring
of tissue) →loss of function → disability
Identify signs and symptoms of inflammation - correct answer ✔✔Redness (rubor), swelling,
heat, pain or tenderness
Discuss the rationale for the signs and symptoms of inflammation - correct answer
✔✔Increased arterial flow to the area cause heat and redness.
When the area swells the tissue stretches and this is what causes pain and tenderness. The
swelling allows the body to trap bacteria and allow plasma and WBCs to infiltrate the area to
eliminate the bacteria.
Discusses the laboratory findings in a person with inflammation (WBC, ESR, CRP) - correct
answer ✔✔WBC: Increased w/ increased neutrophils
ESR and CRP: Increased (with chronic inflammation)
Discusses the role of ESR and CRP in monitoring treatment for inflammatory conditions. -
correct answer ✔✔These values are used to monitor effectiveness of therapy. When the
condition is treated these numbers should decrease.
Discuss cause of inflammatory pain - correct answer ✔✔The tissue stretching from swelling
causes pain, sometimes can cause referred pain
