Portage Learning | |
Pathophysiology Module 8 | | |
Exam with verified solutions | | |
describe action of aldosterone - Correct answer ✔increases Na+ reabsorption
| | | | | | | | | |
by excreting H+ and/or K+
| | | |
water follows
|
***increase blood volume and blood pressure**
| | | | |
Hilus - Correct answer ✔concave cleft where the ureters, blood vessels, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
nerves enter the kidney
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Functions of the nephron - Correct answer ✔filtration, reabsorption, excreting
| | | | | | | | |
eliminate wastes from the body
| | | |
regulate blood pH, volume, pressure
| | | |
control levels of electrolytes
| | |
,Structures of the nephron and function - Correct answer ✔Glomerular capsule
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(renal corpuscle)- filters blood
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renal tubule- reabsorbs needed materials, collecting ducts carry remaining
| | | | | | | | |
waste as urine
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Outer cortex consists of - Correct answer ✔glomeruli, proximal and distal
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convoluted tubules of nephron, blood vessels
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inner medulla consists of - Correct answer ✔Loop of Henle, renal pyramids
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2 different sections of the kidney - Correct answer ✔outer cortex
| | | | | | | | | |
inner medulla
|
kidney anatomy - Correct answer ✔outer cortex
| | | | | |
inner medulla
|
renal pyramids
|
renal columns (in between pyramids)
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, renal papillae (tips of pyramids)
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renal calyces |
renal pelvis |
ureter
Explain the difference between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons
| | | | | | | |
- Correct answer ✔cortical: make up 85%, originate superficially in the cortex
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and have shorter loops of Henle that only extend short distance into medulla
| | | | | | | | | | | |
juxtamedullary: 15%, originate deeper in cortex, have thinner Loops of Henle| | | | | | | | | | |
that extend into medulla entirely
| | | |
Two systems providing blood supply to the nephron - Correct answer
| | | | | | | | | | |
✔Glomerulus system: | |
located between 2 arterioles, afferent and efferent- high resistance vessels with
| | | | | | | | | | |
high bp to push fluids and solute out of blood into glom. capillary
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Peritubular capillary system: | | |
low-pressure vessels better suited for reabsorption instead of filtration. They
| | | | | | | | | |
surround the tubules entirely allowing rapid movement of solute and water
| | | | | | | | | |
Pathophysiology Module 8 | | |
Exam with verified solutions | | |
describe action of aldosterone - Correct answer ✔increases Na+ reabsorption
| | | | | | | | | |
by excreting H+ and/or K+
| | | |
water follows
|
***increase blood volume and blood pressure**
| | | | |
Hilus - Correct answer ✔concave cleft where the ureters, blood vessels, and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
nerves enter the kidney
| | |
Functions of the nephron - Correct answer ✔filtration, reabsorption, excreting
| | | | | | | | |
eliminate wastes from the body
| | | |
regulate blood pH, volume, pressure
| | | |
control levels of electrolytes
| | |
,Structures of the nephron and function - Correct answer ✔Glomerular capsule
| | | | | | | | | | |
(renal corpuscle)- filters blood
| | | |
renal tubule- reabsorbs needed materials, collecting ducts carry remaining
| | | | | | | | |
waste as urine
| |
Outer cortex consists of - Correct answer ✔glomeruli, proximal and distal
| | | | | | | | | | |
convoluted tubules of nephron, blood vessels
| | | | |
inner medulla consists of - Correct answer ✔Loop of Henle, renal pyramids
| | | | | | | | | | |
2 different sections of the kidney - Correct answer ✔outer cortex
| | | | | | | | | |
inner medulla
|
kidney anatomy - Correct answer ✔outer cortex
| | | | | |
inner medulla
|
renal pyramids
|
renal columns (in between pyramids)
| | | |
, renal papillae (tips of pyramids)
| | | |
renal calyces |
renal pelvis |
ureter
Explain the difference between cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons
| | | | | | | |
- Correct answer ✔cortical: make up 85%, originate superficially in the cortex
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
and have shorter loops of Henle that only extend short distance into medulla
| | | | | | | | | | | |
juxtamedullary: 15%, originate deeper in cortex, have thinner Loops of Henle| | | | | | | | | | |
that extend into medulla entirely
| | | |
Two systems providing blood supply to the nephron - Correct answer
| | | | | | | | | | |
✔Glomerulus system: | |
located between 2 arterioles, afferent and efferent- high resistance vessels with
| | | | | | | | | | |
high bp to push fluids and solute out of blood into glom. capillary
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Peritubular capillary system: | | |
low-pressure vessels better suited for reabsorption instead of filtration. They
| | | | | | | | | |
surround the tubules entirely allowing rapid movement of solute and water
| | | | | | | | | |
