Ch. 23- fetal echocardiography Questions and correct answers

Ch. 23- fetal echocardiography Questions
and correct answers.

The embryonic heart is completely formed in what week - (correct answer) -
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Beginning of the eighth week
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Fetal blood circulates within the embryo at how many weeks post conception -
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(correct answer) - 3 weeks post-conception (five weeks gestation)
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Fetal oxygenated blood circulation from the placenta enters the fetus through the -
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(correct answer) - umbilical vein to the hepatic circulation and left portal vein
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Fetal blood from the IVC enters the heart where - (correct answer) - At the right atrium
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In the fetus left atrial blood passes through which valve into the left ventricle -
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(correct answer) - The mitral valve
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The greatest concentration of oxygenated fetal blood goes to the fetal -
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(correct answer) - Cranium
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A normal heart orientation is called - (correct answer) - Levocardia
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In the normal fetal heart, which chamber is located closest to the fetal spine -
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(correct answer) - The left atrium
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Fetal tachyarrhythmias are heart rates of more than - (correct answer) - 180 bpm
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Digoxin, sotalol, and flecainide are most often selected for fetal treatment of: -
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(correct answer) - SVT
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A defect of the inlet, outlet, trabecular, or apical portion of the fetal septum involves the -
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(correct answer) - ventricular septum
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A syndrome, that includes aortic atresia, a small left ventricle, and mitral valve atresia is
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- (correct answer) - HLHS (hypoplastic left heart syndrome)
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Tetralogy of Fallot includes what classic features - (correct answer) - VSD
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Right ventricle hypertrophy
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Overriding aorta gh gh



Pulmonary atresia or stenosis gh gh gh



An abnormally large right atrium and abnormally small right ventricle is an indication of -
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(correct answer) - Ebstein's anomaly
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What anomaly describes a single vessel, overriding a VSD and regurgitant flow -
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(correct answer) - truncus arteriosus
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What is the most common cardiac tumor? - (correct answer) - Rhabdomyoma
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What does DORV (double outlet right ventricle) involve - (correct answer) -
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Parallel aorta and pulmonary artery and VSD
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Ostium primum and ostium secundum defects involve the: - (correct answer) -
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Atrial septum
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The pulmonary valve receives blood from where - (correct answer) - The right ventricle
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Ultrasound resolution limits of _________ still prevent the identification of small VSDs -
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(correct answer) - 1-2 mm
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, The fetal heart should consume most of the ______ side of the chest and lies at a norm
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al angle of ________ degrees to the left of midline - (correct answer) - Left
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45 degrees gh



A right sided heart with the Apex pointing left is called - (correct answer) -
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Dextroposition
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A heart positioned in the right chest with the Apex pointing right is labeled -
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(correct answer) - Dextrocardia
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A midline heart is called - (correct answer) - Mesocardia
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The standard first view in an echocardiogram is - (correct answer) -
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The fourth chamber view
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The sub costal fetal heart view is used for - (correct answer) - Four chamber view
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M-mode view of ventricles gh gh gh gh



Doppler interrogation of AV valves gh gh gh gh



A long axis view of which artery demonstrates the RVOT - (correct answer) -
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The pulmonary artery
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A long axis view of what demonstrates the LVOT - (correct answer) - The aorta
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The brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian artery arise from what -
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(correct answer) - The aortic arch, which has a candycane shape
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A fetal sustained heart rate of 100 bpm or less is termed - (correct answer) -
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Bradyarrhythmias
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What is the most frequent cardiac malformation? - (correct answer) -
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VSD (occurs in 30% of live births)
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What are the three bypasses of the fetal heart that close at parturition? -
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(correct answer) - Ductus arteriosis
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Foreman ovale gh gh



Ductus venosus gh



What is the 3-D imaging mode used specifically for fetal cardiac imaging -
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(correct answer) - STIC
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Tricuspid atresia results in what - (correct answer) -
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Right ventricle hypoplasia (appears as a hyperechoic, thickened valve)
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Narrowing of the aorta along the arch is called - (correct answer) -
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Coarctation (results in outflow obstruction)
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Complete TGA demonstrates the great vessels running _________ from the ventricles -
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(correct answer) - parallel
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What view of the fetal heart is often used for diagnosis of VSD? - (correct answer) -
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The four chamber view
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What is the first development of the fetal heart? - (correct answer) -
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Tubular structures called cardiogenic cords (fuse on day 22)
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Tricuspid atresia, similar to pulmonary atresia, result in - (correct answer) -
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Right ventricular hypoplasia
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The correct flow direction through the foreman ovale is from - (correct answer) -
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Right to left
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What structure in the right ventricle to differentiate the right from the left ventricle -
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(correct answer) - The moderator band
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What structure separates the right and left ventricular Chambers - (correct answer) -
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The interventricular septum
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