Home Health Aid Test Questions Complete Answers New Update

Home Health Aid Test Questions Complete Answers New Update Endocrine system is made up of what? - Answers - many glands scattered throughout the body endocrine glands - Answers - ductless glands that secrete substances within the body called hormones Hormones - Answers - chemicals that are secreted directly into the blood-stream pituitary gland - Answers - "master gland" completely controlled by the hypothalamus; secretes hormones that regulate bodily processes thyroid gland - Answers - produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth parathyroid glands - Answers - regulates metabolism of calcium and phosphorus thymus gland - Answers - regulates immunity to infectious diseases during infancy and early childhood adrenal glands - Answers - adjust body to crisis and stress pineal gland - Answers - secretes melatonin Pancreas - Answers - produces insulin needed to burn sugar in body-produces glucagon Ovaries - Answers - produce ovum (egg) for reproduction Testes - Answers - produce sperm to fertilize ovum; secretes testosterone diabetes mellitus - Answers - chronic disease with no cure; pancreas does not produce an adequate amount of a hormone called insulin diabetes - Answers - persons blood sugar level is elevated because sugar remains in the blood instead of being absorbed into the cells Routine blood testing for diabetes - Answers - Fasting blood sugar, urinalysis, glucose tolerance tests, and glycosylated hemoglobin S&S for diabetes - Answers - weakness, sudden weight loss, unusual thirst, frequent urination, crankiness, and itching normal blood sugar level - Answers - 70-100mg two common problems in diabetes - Answers - obesity and bad nutrition subcutaneously - Answers - under the skin Three important factors about insulin are - Answers - 1. measurement must be accurate 2. must me taken at same time every day 3. sterile technique must be maintained when injecting the drug gangrene - Answers - large area of dead tissue diabetic nueropathy - Answers - destructive disorder of the nerves; loss of sensation musculoskeletal system made up of what? - Answers - made up of bones and muscles Ligaments - Answers - bones are jointed through elastic fibers Tendons - Answers - how skeletal muscles are attached to the bones sprain - Answers - partial tear of a muscle, tendon, or ligament Bursitis - Answers - inflammation of a bursa; enclosed sac containing fluid fracture - Answers - break in the bone inflammatory arthritis and S&S - Answers - swelling in joints, early stiffness, pain or tenderness, inability to move joint, redness and warmth; no cure; managed with diet, medication, surgery, and exercise rheumatoid arthritis - Answers - generally affects people between ages 20-45; affects women more than men; immune system fights the body; joints are affected the most. Causes discomfort, joint deformities, pain increases, and stiffness Osteoarthritis - Answers - affects the weight-bearing joints, such as the spine, hip, and knee Gout - Answers - A form of arthritis mainly affecting the joints of the feet degenerative disease - Answers - any disease in which there is deterioration of structure or function of tissue body mechanics - Answers - the way the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts the nervous system if made up of what - Answers - the brain, spinal cord, and nerves quadriplegia - Answers - paralysis of all four limbs hemiplegia - Answers - paralysis of one side of the body cerebrovascular accident (CVA) - Answers - a.k.a. "Stroke". Lack of blood supply to the brain causing brain damage spinal cord - Answers - protected by the spinal column; stores all the major nerves of the body Parkinson's disease - Answers - a progressive disease that destroys brain cells and is identified by muscular tremors, slowing of movement, and partial facial paralysis Multiple Sclerosis (MS) - Answers - destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - Answers - degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem