NURS 136 Test 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 112
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
what are some methods to reduce physical hazards and the transmission of pathogens -
ANSWER✔✔-make sure all workers wear proper protective gear such as safety glasses,
gloves, hard hats, hearing protection, etc. Second, ensure that equipment is properly
maintained and repaired. Proper hand hygiene. Avoiding high-risk behaviors.
Immunizations. Proper home pest control. Proper disposal of human waste. Keeping a
healthy world environment-avoid polluting the air and water when able.
What is the influence of nursing theory on a nurse's approach to practice -
ANSWER✔✔-Nursing theory conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain,
predict, pr prescribe nursing care. Theories offer a framework for assessing your
patient's situation, and help you to recognize and analyze clues that emerge from data
what are the types of nursing theories - ANSWER✔✔-- grand theories: abstract, broad
in scope, and complex - require further clarification though research to they can be
applied to nursing practice - provides general framework for general ideas about
nursing. Eg Imogene King's theory of goal attainment, the focus of nursing is the
interaction of Hyman beings and the environment with an end goal of health, an
,Nightingale who thought that improving environment and nutrition would lead to
restored health
- Middle-range theories: address specific phenomenon and reflect practice. Eg Kolcaba's
theory of comfort encourages nurses to meet pt's needs for comfort in physical,
psychospiritual, environmental and sociocultural realms
- Practice theories: guide the nursing care of a specific patient population at a specific
time eg. pain management protocol for pts receiving from cardiac surgery
- Descriptive theories: first level of theory development - describe phenomena and
identify circumstances in which the phenomena occur eg. theories of growth and
development describer he maturation process of an individual at various ages
- Prescriptive theories: address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, guide practice
change, and predict the consequences - helps to anticipate the outcomes of nursing
interventions
what is the relationship between nursing theory, the nursing process, and patient needs
- ANSWER✔✔-The nursing process is used in clinical settings to determine individual
patient needs, and provides a systematic process for the delivery of nursing care.
However, nurses use theory to provide direction in how to use the nursing process. For
example, the theory of caring influences what nurses need to assess, how to determine
patient needs, how to plan care, how to select individualized nursing interventions, and
how to evaluate patient outcomes.
,what is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing Clinical Judgment Model
(NCSBN-CJM) - ANSWER✔✔-it was developed to help guide nurse educators in
evaluating nursing student's abilities to make the clinical judgements necessary when
providing competent nursing care. The model has multiple layers that help explain the
cognitive process nurses use to make clinical judgments to guide their care
- layer 0: determine client needs
- layer 1: clinical judgement
- layer 2: form a hypotheses, refine hypothesis, evaluation
- layer 3: recognize cures, analyze cues, prioritize hypothesis, generate solutions, take
actions, evaluate outcomes
- layer 4: environmental and individual factors that help inform a nurses clinical
judgement
What is theory based nursing practice - ANSWER✔✔-you apply the principles of a
theory in delivering nursing interventions
- grand theories help shape and define your practice
- middle range theories help to advance nursing knowledge through nursing research
- practice theories help you provide specific care for individuals and groups of diverse
populations and situations
, what are the benefits of evidence based practice - ANSWER✔✔-EBP enhances patient
experience, patient satisfaction, decreases cost, empowers clinicians, improves patient
outcomes, and improves the quality and consistency of health care
what are the steps of evidence based practice - ANSWER✔✔-0. cultivate a spirit of
inquiry within an EBP culture and environment
1. ask a clinical question in PICOT format
2. search for the most relevant and best evidence
3. critically appraise the evidence you gather
4. integrate the best evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and
values
5. evaluate the outcomes of practice changes based on evidence
6. communicate the outcomes of EBP decision or changes
what is PICOT and give an example of a PICOT Question - ANSWER✔✔-P: patient
population of interest (eg. age, sex, ethnicity, disease, etc)
I: intervention or area of interest (eg. tx, diagnostic test, prognostic factor, etc)
C: comparison intervention or area of interest (eg. what is the standard of care use now
in practice)
O: Outcomes (what is the desired result of an intervention eg. chance in behavior,
physical finding, etc)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
what are some methods to reduce physical hazards and the transmission of pathogens -
ANSWER✔✔-make sure all workers wear proper protective gear such as safety glasses,
gloves, hard hats, hearing protection, etc. Second, ensure that equipment is properly
maintained and repaired. Proper hand hygiene. Avoiding high-risk behaviors.
Immunizations. Proper home pest control. Proper disposal of human waste. Keeping a
healthy world environment-avoid polluting the air and water when able.
What is the influence of nursing theory on a nurse's approach to practice -
ANSWER✔✔-Nursing theory conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain,
predict, pr prescribe nursing care. Theories offer a framework for assessing your
patient's situation, and help you to recognize and analyze clues that emerge from data
what are the types of nursing theories - ANSWER✔✔-- grand theories: abstract, broad
in scope, and complex - require further clarification though research to they can be
applied to nursing practice - provides general framework for general ideas about
nursing. Eg Imogene King's theory of goal attainment, the focus of nursing is the
interaction of Hyman beings and the environment with an end goal of health, an
,Nightingale who thought that improving environment and nutrition would lead to
restored health
- Middle-range theories: address specific phenomenon and reflect practice. Eg Kolcaba's
theory of comfort encourages nurses to meet pt's needs for comfort in physical,
psychospiritual, environmental and sociocultural realms
- Practice theories: guide the nursing care of a specific patient population at a specific
time eg. pain management protocol for pts receiving from cardiac surgery
- Descriptive theories: first level of theory development - describe phenomena and
identify circumstances in which the phenomena occur eg. theories of growth and
development describer he maturation process of an individual at various ages
- Prescriptive theories: address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, guide practice
change, and predict the consequences - helps to anticipate the outcomes of nursing
interventions
what is the relationship between nursing theory, the nursing process, and patient needs
- ANSWER✔✔-The nursing process is used in clinical settings to determine individual
patient needs, and provides a systematic process for the delivery of nursing care.
However, nurses use theory to provide direction in how to use the nursing process. For
example, the theory of caring influences what nurses need to assess, how to determine
patient needs, how to plan care, how to select individualized nursing interventions, and
how to evaluate patient outcomes.
,what is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing Clinical Judgment Model
(NCSBN-CJM) - ANSWER✔✔-it was developed to help guide nurse educators in
evaluating nursing student's abilities to make the clinical judgements necessary when
providing competent nursing care. The model has multiple layers that help explain the
cognitive process nurses use to make clinical judgments to guide their care
- layer 0: determine client needs
- layer 1: clinical judgement
- layer 2: form a hypotheses, refine hypothesis, evaluation
- layer 3: recognize cures, analyze cues, prioritize hypothesis, generate solutions, take
actions, evaluate outcomes
- layer 4: environmental and individual factors that help inform a nurses clinical
judgement
What is theory based nursing practice - ANSWER✔✔-you apply the principles of a
theory in delivering nursing interventions
- grand theories help shape and define your practice
- middle range theories help to advance nursing knowledge through nursing research
- practice theories help you provide specific care for individuals and groups of diverse
populations and situations
, what are the benefits of evidence based practice - ANSWER✔✔-EBP enhances patient
experience, patient satisfaction, decreases cost, empowers clinicians, improves patient
outcomes, and improves the quality and consistency of health care
what are the steps of evidence based practice - ANSWER✔✔-0. cultivate a spirit of
inquiry within an EBP culture and environment
1. ask a clinical question in PICOT format
2. search for the most relevant and best evidence
3. critically appraise the evidence you gather
4. integrate the best evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and
values
5. evaluate the outcomes of practice changes based on evidence
6. communicate the outcomes of EBP decision or changes
what is PICOT and give an example of a PICOT Question - ANSWER✔✔-P: patient
population of interest (eg. age, sex, ethnicity, disease, etc)
I: intervention or area of interest (eg. tx, diagnostic test, prognostic factor, etc)
C: comparison intervention or area of interest (eg. what is the standard of care use now
in practice)
O: Outcomes (what is the desired result of an intervention eg. chance in behavior,
physical finding, etc)
