FORTIS MICROBIOLOGY TEST PAPER 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Necrotic Caseous - ✔✔Lesions that result when the centers of tubercles break down
and gradually heal by calcification that replaces normal lung tissue
✔✔XDR - ✔✔Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are resistant in vitro to three or
more antitubercular drugs in addition to isoniazid and rifampin
✔✔Streptococcus pyonenes - ✔✔Microbe that is arranged in spherical purple-colored
chains
✔✔Corynebacterium diptheria - ✔✔Pathogen that stains distinct gram-positive club-
shaped bacilli
✔✔Exotoxin - ✔✔Encoded by bacteriophage of the bacterium
✔✔Nasal swab - ✔✔Test that is performed to obtain specimen for rapid testing of
influenza
✔✔Oseltamivir - ✔✔What medication is given to a child that is infected with influenza B
virus?
✔✔Dysentery - ✔✔A severe and painful type of bacterial gastroenteritis that is
characterized by blood diarrhea
✔✔Exotoxin - ✔✔Isolation of gram-positive cocci in clusters from food suspected of
being the source of an outbreak of diarrhea indicates the disease is the result of this
heat stable toxin
✔✔Giardiasis - ✔✔Zoonotic sources are beavers and coyotes
✔✔Oral Cavity - ✔✔Cavity where streptococcus mutans that are alpha hemolytic gram
positive cocci are most often found
✔✔Hepatitis - ✔✔Causes inflammation of the liver, can be caused by a variety of
agents, including viral infections
✔✔Nematode - ✔✔Long, thin, unsegmented helminth that is the causative agent of
pinworm infections
✔✔Taenia Solium - ✔✔Pigs serve as the intermediate or secondary host
✔✔E. coli - ✔✔The organism that is the leading cause of HUS In the US
, ✔✔Shjga Toxin - ✔✔A toxin that is specifically responsible for the systemic disease of
HUS
✔✔Antibiotics are of no help and may increase the pathology - ✔✔Why aren't antibiotics
prescribed in treatment of HUS
✔✔E. coli exotoxins damage the gut lining which produces bleeding - ✔✔Why does a
patient with HUS present with bloody diarrhea?
✔✔Shigella
Clostridium difficile
Giardia lamblia - ✔✔Potential causes of diarrhea
✔✔Giardia lamblia - ✔✔stool cultures contain protozoa when this is present
✔✔Giardia - ✔✔Found in the GI tracts of many animals, and their stool often ends up in
lakes and streams, causing diarrhea
✔✔Avoid drinking from freshwater sources - ✔✔Best way to prevent infection with
Giardia
✔✔Needle Sticks
Sexual Contact
Sharing a toothbrush - ✔✔In which ways are Hepatitis B infection transmitted
✔✔Radioimmunoassay
ELISA
Antibody Test - ✔✔Which tests are used to detect hepatitis B
✔✔Eastern Equine
Encephalitis - ✔✔Has the highest mortality rate
✔✔Blood Brain Barrier - ✔✔Restricts substances from entering the brain by the
vascular system
✔✔Vector Control - ✔✔Best defense against arborviruses
✔✔Cryptococcus neoformans - ✔✔Common cause of meningitis in AIDS patients and
can be found in bird droppings
✔✔Creutzfeldt Jacob - ✔✔People live less than one year post diagnosis
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Necrotic Caseous - ✔✔Lesions that result when the centers of tubercles break down
and gradually heal by calcification that replaces normal lung tissue
✔✔XDR - ✔✔Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are resistant in vitro to three or
more antitubercular drugs in addition to isoniazid and rifampin
✔✔Streptococcus pyonenes - ✔✔Microbe that is arranged in spherical purple-colored
chains
✔✔Corynebacterium diptheria - ✔✔Pathogen that stains distinct gram-positive club-
shaped bacilli
✔✔Exotoxin - ✔✔Encoded by bacteriophage of the bacterium
✔✔Nasal swab - ✔✔Test that is performed to obtain specimen for rapid testing of
influenza
✔✔Oseltamivir - ✔✔What medication is given to a child that is infected with influenza B
virus?
✔✔Dysentery - ✔✔A severe and painful type of bacterial gastroenteritis that is
characterized by blood diarrhea
✔✔Exotoxin - ✔✔Isolation of gram-positive cocci in clusters from food suspected of
being the source of an outbreak of diarrhea indicates the disease is the result of this
heat stable toxin
✔✔Giardiasis - ✔✔Zoonotic sources are beavers and coyotes
✔✔Oral Cavity - ✔✔Cavity where streptococcus mutans that are alpha hemolytic gram
positive cocci are most often found
✔✔Hepatitis - ✔✔Causes inflammation of the liver, can be caused by a variety of
agents, including viral infections
✔✔Nematode - ✔✔Long, thin, unsegmented helminth that is the causative agent of
pinworm infections
✔✔Taenia Solium - ✔✔Pigs serve as the intermediate or secondary host
✔✔E. coli - ✔✔The organism that is the leading cause of HUS In the US
, ✔✔Shjga Toxin - ✔✔A toxin that is specifically responsible for the systemic disease of
HUS
✔✔Antibiotics are of no help and may increase the pathology - ✔✔Why aren't antibiotics
prescribed in treatment of HUS
✔✔E. coli exotoxins damage the gut lining which produces bleeding - ✔✔Why does a
patient with HUS present with bloody diarrhea?
✔✔Shigella
Clostridium difficile
Giardia lamblia - ✔✔Potential causes of diarrhea
✔✔Giardia lamblia - ✔✔stool cultures contain protozoa when this is present
✔✔Giardia - ✔✔Found in the GI tracts of many animals, and their stool often ends up in
lakes and streams, causing diarrhea
✔✔Avoid drinking from freshwater sources - ✔✔Best way to prevent infection with
Giardia
✔✔Needle Sticks
Sexual Contact
Sharing a toothbrush - ✔✔In which ways are Hepatitis B infection transmitted
✔✔Radioimmunoassay
ELISA
Antibody Test - ✔✔Which tests are used to detect hepatitis B
✔✔Eastern Equine
Encephalitis - ✔✔Has the highest mortality rate
✔✔Blood Brain Barrier - ✔✔Restricts substances from entering the brain by the
vascular system
✔✔Vector Control - ✔✔Best defense against arborviruses
✔✔Cryptococcus neoformans - ✔✔Common cause of meningitis in AIDS patients and
can be found in bird droppings
✔✔Creutzfeldt Jacob - ✔✔People live less than one year post diagnosis
