SOCIOLOGY 1000 FINAL STUDY GUIDE-
TEST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
An/A ___________ status is one that is assigned to a person by society while an/a
_________ status is one that is earned through the personal efforts or achievements of
the individual. - ANSWER ascribed; achieved
Conflict Theory is a sociological perspective which: - ANSWER focuses on social class
exploitation between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat with emphasis on unequal
distribution of wealth and differential access to the means to achieve wealth, power and
prestige.
The first college level course in Sociology was taught at __________________ -
ANSWER The University of Chicago
A random sample is a sample in which every member of an entire population being
studied has ________________. - ANSWER the same chance of being selected
. Sociology is
_______________________________________________________________. -
ANSWER The systematic and scientific study of individuals (interactions), social groups
and society
Karl Marx, a proponent of ____________ perspective of sociology, was concerned with
the ongoing struggle between classes and, in particular, the effects of social class
exploitation and the resulting differential access to wealth, power and prestige -
ANSWER conflict
British sociologist, Harriet Martineau, compared
____________________________while American sociologist, ____________, was
concerned with issues of poverty and homelessness in Chicago, founding the Hull
House. - ANSWER the positions of women to that of American slaves in society; Jane
Addams
As the industrial revolution spread from Western Europe to the United States, three
processes were set in place. They are ____________, _______________ and
____________________. - ANSWER urbanization, industrialization and mass
immigration
With over 93% of US media in the hands of 5-6 major corporations, one loss that can be
experienced by society is the lack of a ______________. - ANSWER fourth estate
,The ____________ is a systematic, organized series of steps that ensure maximum
objectivity and consistency in researching a problem or concept. - ANSWER scientific
method
According to Emile Durkheim, _______ solidarity can be found in simple rural societies
based on tradition and unity and _______ solidarity can be found in urban societies and
was based more on a complex division of labor and formal organizations. - ANSWER
mechanical and organic
According to Robert E. Denton, Jr., in 'Language, Symbols and Media," what were three
ways that U.S. society was changed when President Bush referred to the terrorist
attacks as "war"? - ANSWER Unified the citizens behind a known cause/enemy,
silenced critics of the administration, and produced increases in military recruitment.
The Dorothy and W.I. Thomas Theorem states: - ANSWER if a situation is defined as
real, the consequences are of that definition are quite real, whether the definition is
accurate or not.
In the Robert Denton, Jr., article, "Language, Symbols and Media", the reader is
introduced to the work of Alex Schmid and Janny deGraaf who present arguments that
"terrorists' acts of violence are really acts of communication... and should be viewed as
'violent language'." What are three results the terrorists are hoping to achieve with their
"communication"? - ANSWER Produce fear in the society targeted, disrupt normal
everyday life for the people and promote their organization with propaganda.
Comte penned Positive Philosophy which was the first systematic sociological approach
to the study of society. He emphasized "Positivism" which included the concepts of:
________________ - ANSWER use of observation, comparisons, experimentation and
looking at history to analyze society.
Identify the independent variable in the following: does exposure to TV violence
increase aggression in children? - ANSWER exposure to TV violence
_____________ is considered the founder or "father" of sociology. - ANSWER Auguste
Comte
__________ is a process whereby individuals ignore each other to an appropriate
degree although noticing that the - ANSWER Civil inattention
During the Age of Enlightenment (Age of Reason), western European culture shifted
from a ___________ basis of thought to a ______ one. The center of knowledge and
learning changed from the _______ to the _______. - ANSWER theological/scientific;
church/university
One of __________'s contributions to sociology was the introduction of a process by
which an outside observer of a culture relates to an indigenous population on
, _______________________. This process is called________. - ANSWER Max Weber;
that population's own terms rather than interpreting that population by the observer's
own culture; verstehen
____________ is/are the cornerstone of all known human societies. - ANSWER
Language
In completing an assignment for his sociology class, Alex inferred that the social
customs of the indigenous populations of Africa and Asia were inferior to the cultural
values of his own society. Alex is exhibiting a/an _____________________ point of
view. - ANSWER ethnocentric
Research ethics requires sociologists to disclose their identity as researchers to obtain
________________ from subjects by making their participation voluntary and based on
a full understanding of possible risks and benefits that we will not reveal the true
identities of subjects. - ANSWER informed consent
There are five institutions functioning, in some form, within all human societies. They
are: - ANSWER economics, family, religion, government and education
_________ is defined as the people who live in a specific geographic territory and share
elements of a common culture while _______ is the social heritage of a people,
including learned sets of beliefs, values, norms and material goods shard by group
members. - ANSWER Society; culture
The following list contains three of the six ____________________ needed in order to
survive and thrive: all societies must organize the activities of their members in order to
obtain the basic goods and services for survival; protect their members from
internal/external harm; and, replace members lost because of death or emigration are
three of the six. - ANSWER functional imperatives of societies
A sociologist wanted to examine if there was any correlation between the region of the
United States wherein an individual lived and the number of individuals who owned
guns. In this hypothesis, what is the dependent variable? - ANSWER Gun ownership
_______ research methods uses large surveys, questionnaires, secondary research
and reporting data primarily in numerical form. - ANSWER Quantitative
In considering the idea of divorce in a society, examining the effects on individuals and
families, understanding how and why divorce rates have increased or decreased, and
understanding the social and cultural history of divorce and marriage, one method to do
so sociologically would be ___________. - ANSWER the sociological imagination
Three of the main methods used in sociological research are: - ANSWER ethnography,
surveys and experiments.
TEST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
An/A ___________ status is one that is assigned to a person by society while an/a
_________ status is one that is earned through the personal efforts or achievements of
the individual. - ANSWER ascribed; achieved
Conflict Theory is a sociological perspective which: - ANSWER focuses on social class
exploitation between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat with emphasis on unequal
distribution of wealth and differential access to the means to achieve wealth, power and
prestige.
The first college level course in Sociology was taught at __________________ -
ANSWER The University of Chicago
A random sample is a sample in which every member of an entire population being
studied has ________________. - ANSWER the same chance of being selected
. Sociology is
_______________________________________________________________. -
ANSWER The systematic and scientific study of individuals (interactions), social groups
and society
Karl Marx, a proponent of ____________ perspective of sociology, was concerned with
the ongoing struggle between classes and, in particular, the effects of social class
exploitation and the resulting differential access to wealth, power and prestige -
ANSWER conflict
British sociologist, Harriet Martineau, compared
____________________________while American sociologist, ____________, was
concerned with issues of poverty and homelessness in Chicago, founding the Hull
House. - ANSWER the positions of women to that of American slaves in society; Jane
Addams
As the industrial revolution spread from Western Europe to the United States, three
processes were set in place. They are ____________, _______________ and
____________________. - ANSWER urbanization, industrialization and mass
immigration
With over 93% of US media in the hands of 5-6 major corporations, one loss that can be
experienced by society is the lack of a ______________. - ANSWER fourth estate
,The ____________ is a systematic, organized series of steps that ensure maximum
objectivity and consistency in researching a problem or concept. - ANSWER scientific
method
According to Emile Durkheim, _______ solidarity can be found in simple rural societies
based on tradition and unity and _______ solidarity can be found in urban societies and
was based more on a complex division of labor and formal organizations. - ANSWER
mechanical and organic
According to Robert E. Denton, Jr., in 'Language, Symbols and Media," what were three
ways that U.S. society was changed when President Bush referred to the terrorist
attacks as "war"? - ANSWER Unified the citizens behind a known cause/enemy,
silenced critics of the administration, and produced increases in military recruitment.
The Dorothy and W.I. Thomas Theorem states: - ANSWER if a situation is defined as
real, the consequences are of that definition are quite real, whether the definition is
accurate or not.
In the Robert Denton, Jr., article, "Language, Symbols and Media", the reader is
introduced to the work of Alex Schmid and Janny deGraaf who present arguments that
"terrorists' acts of violence are really acts of communication... and should be viewed as
'violent language'." What are three results the terrorists are hoping to achieve with their
"communication"? - ANSWER Produce fear in the society targeted, disrupt normal
everyday life for the people and promote their organization with propaganda.
Comte penned Positive Philosophy which was the first systematic sociological approach
to the study of society. He emphasized "Positivism" which included the concepts of:
________________ - ANSWER use of observation, comparisons, experimentation and
looking at history to analyze society.
Identify the independent variable in the following: does exposure to TV violence
increase aggression in children? - ANSWER exposure to TV violence
_____________ is considered the founder or "father" of sociology. - ANSWER Auguste
Comte
__________ is a process whereby individuals ignore each other to an appropriate
degree although noticing that the - ANSWER Civil inattention
During the Age of Enlightenment (Age of Reason), western European culture shifted
from a ___________ basis of thought to a ______ one. The center of knowledge and
learning changed from the _______ to the _______. - ANSWER theological/scientific;
church/university
One of __________'s contributions to sociology was the introduction of a process by
which an outside observer of a culture relates to an indigenous population on
, _______________________. This process is called________. - ANSWER Max Weber;
that population's own terms rather than interpreting that population by the observer's
own culture; verstehen
____________ is/are the cornerstone of all known human societies. - ANSWER
Language
In completing an assignment for his sociology class, Alex inferred that the social
customs of the indigenous populations of Africa and Asia were inferior to the cultural
values of his own society. Alex is exhibiting a/an _____________________ point of
view. - ANSWER ethnocentric
Research ethics requires sociologists to disclose their identity as researchers to obtain
________________ from subjects by making their participation voluntary and based on
a full understanding of possible risks and benefits that we will not reveal the true
identities of subjects. - ANSWER informed consent
There are five institutions functioning, in some form, within all human societies. They
are: - ANSWER economics, family, religion, government and education
_________ is defined as the people who live in a specific geographic territory and share
elements of a common culture while _______ is the social heritage of a people,
including learned sets of beliefs, values, norms and material goods shard by group
members. - ANSWER Society; culture
The following list contains three of the six ____________________ needed in order to
survive and thrive: all societies must organize the activities of their members in order to
obtain the basic goods and services for survival; protect their members from
internal/external harm; and, replace members lost because of death or emigration are
three of the six. - ANSWER functional imperatives of societies
A sociologist wanted to examine if there was any correlation between the region of the
United States wherein an individual lived and the number of individuals who owned
guns. In this hypothesis, what is the dependent variable? - ANSWER Gun ownership
_______ research methods uses large surveys, questionnaires, secondary research
and reporting data primarily in numerical form. - ANSWER Quantitative
In considering the idea of divorce in a society, examining the effects on individuals and
families, understanding how and why divorce rates have increased or decreased, and
understanding the social and cultural history of divorce and marriage, one method to do
so sociologically would be ___________. - ANSWER the sociological imagination
Three of the main methods used in sociological research are: - ANSWER ethnography,
surveys and experiments.
