BASIC DYSRHYTHMIA REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH - A
GRADED- AND VERIFIED ANSWERS.
/. Systole - Answer-Phase of contraction when blood is ejected
/.Diastole - Answer-Phase of relaxation or filling
/.Conduction System - Answer-
/.Inherent Rate of SA node - Answer-60-100 beats per minute
/.Inherent Rate of AV node - Answer-40-60 beats per minute
AV node acts as a "gate keeper" for ventricles
/.Inherent Rate of Bundle of His - Answer-40-60 beats per minute
/.Inherent Rate of Ventricles - Answer-20-40 beats per minute
/.Sympathetic Nervous System - Answer-Affects atria & ventricle, increases SA node
rate, speed of conduction, and force of contraction
/.Parasympathetic Nervous System - Answer-Affects the atria, decreases the HR,
decreases the speed of conduction, decreases for of contraction
/.Depolarization - Answer-Cells receive a stimulus, changes in electrical charges occur
resulting in a electrical flow which spreads in a wavelike motion resulting in contraction -
systole
/.Repolarization - Answer-Return of the electrical charge to their original postion,
recovery state
/.Absolute Refractory - Answer-Portion of the cardiac cycle where NO stimulus, no
matter how strong, can excite the cardiac tissue
/.Relative Refractory - Answer-Portion of cardiac cycle when all cells are not fully
repolarized, a strong enough stimulus can excite the cardiac tissue, also referred to as
the vulnerable period
/.Positive Deflection - Answer-Current flowing toward a + electrode gives a + deflection
(above baseline)
/.Negative Deflection - Answer-Current flowing away from a + electrode gives a -
deflections (below baseline)
, /.P wave - Answer-Reflects atrial depolarization
/.PR interval - Answer-Represents the interval from the time the impulse leaves the SA
node, the delay at the AV node.
/.QRS - Answer-Represents ventricular depolarization. The time required for the
impulse to travel through R & L ventricles
/.Normal PR interval - Answer-0.12-0.20 seconds
/.Normal QRS - Answer-0.04 -.10 or <0.12
/.T wave - Answer-Represents ventricular repolarization
/.QT interval - Answer-Represents total ventricular activity (depolarization to
repolarization)
/.ST segment - Answer-Represents time between completion of ventricular
depolarization and beginning or repolariation
/.Sinus Rhythm - Answer-Rate is 60-100, it is regular, normal PR and QRS interval. One
P wave for every QRS
/.Normal Sinus Rhythm - Answer-
/.Sinus Bradycardia - Answer-Rate is < 60, rhythm is regular, P wave for every QRS.
May be normal is some people, especially atheletes
/.Sinus Bradycardia - Answer-
/.Sinus Tachycardia - Answer-Rate is > 100 BPM (100-160), rhythm is regular, P for
every QRS. Response to bodies need for increase HR
/.Sinus Tachycardia - Answer-
/.Sinus Block - Answer-SA node fires, impulse is blocked as it exits SA node, fails to
depolarized atria, Missing entire complex, next beat after pause, FALLS RIGHT ON
TIME
/.Sinus Arrest - Answer-SA node fails to fire. Missing entire complexes, next beat after
the pause DOES NOT FALL ON TIME
/.Premature Atrial Contractions - Answer-Irritable focus in atria fires earlier than the next
SA node beat is due. With the premature beat, P wave is early, may have different
configuration
GRADED- AND VERIFIED ANSWERS.
/. Systole - Answer-Phase of contraction when blood is ejected
/.Diastole - Answer-Phase of relaxation or filling
/.Conduction System - Answer-
/.Inherent Rate of SA node - Answer-60-100 beats per minute
/.Inherent Rate of AV node - Answer-40-60 beats per minute
AV node acts as a "gate keeper" for ventricles
/.Inherent Rate of Bundle of His - Answer-40-60 beats per minute
/.Inherent Rate of Ventricles - Answer-20-40 beats per minute
/.Sympathetic Nervous System - Answer-Affects atria & ventricle, increases SA node
rate, speed of conduction, and force of contraction
/.Parasympathetic Nervous System - Answer-Affects the atria, decreases the HR,
decreases the speed of conduction, decreases for of contraction
/.Depolarization - Answer-Cells receive a stimulus, changes in electrical charges occur
resulting in a electrical flow which spreads in a wavelike motion resulting in contraction -
systole
/.Repolarization - Answer-Return of the electrical charge to their original postion,
recovery state
/.Absolute Refractory - Answer-Portion of the cardiac cycle where NO stimulus, no
matter how strong, can excite the cardiac tissue
/.Relative Refractory - Answer-Portion of cardiac cycle when all cells are not fully
repolarized, a strong enough stimulus can excite the cardiac tissue, also referred to as
the vulnerable period
/.Positive Deflection - Answer-Current flowing toward a + electrode gives a + deflection
(above baseline)
/.Negative Deflection - Answer-Current flowing away from a + electrode gives a -
deflections (below baseline)
, /.P wave - Answer-Reflects atrial depolarization
/.PR interval - Answer-Represents the interval from the time the impulse leaves the SA
node, the delay at the AV node.
/.QRS - Answer-Represents ventricular depolarization. The time required for the
impulse to travel through R & L ventricles
/.Normal PR interval - Answer-0.12-0.20 seconds
/.Normal QRS - Answer-0.04 -.10 or <0.12
/.T wave - Answer-Represents ventricular repolarization
/.QT interval - Answer-Represents total ventricular activity (depolarization to
repolarization)
/.ST segment - Answer-Represents time between completion of ventricular
depolarization and beginning or repolariation
/.Sinus Rhythm - Answer-Rate is 60-100, it is regular, normal PR and QRS interval. One
P wave for every QRS
/.Normal Sinus Rhythm - Answer-
/.Sinus Bradycardia - Answer-Rate is < 60, rhythm is regular, P wave for every QRS.
May be normal is some people, especially atheletes
/.Sinus Bradycardia - Answer-
/.Sinus Tachycardia - Answer-Rate is > 100 BPM (100-160), rhythm is regular, P for
every QRS. Response to bodies need for increase HR
/.Sinus Tachycardia - Answer-
/.Sinus Block - Answer-SA node fires, impulse is blocked as it exits SA node, fails to
depolarized atria, Missing entire complex, next beat after pause, FALLS RIGHT ON
TIME
/.Sinus Arrest - Answer-SA node fails to fire. Missing entire complexes, next beat after
the pause DOES NOT FALL ON TIME
/.Premature Atrial Contractions - Answer-Irritable focus in atria fires earlier than the next
SA node beat is due. With the premature beat, P wave is early, may have different
configuration
