HDFS 312 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
4 ways that person-environment transactions can
happen Correct Answers Reactive transactions
take place when we react to, or interpret, an
experience in a way that is consistent with our own
personality or self-concept.
Evocative transactions are those in which we
behave in a way that elicits reactions from others
that confirm our own personality or self-concept
Proactive transactions occur when we select roles
and environments that best fit our personalities
and self-concept.
Manipulative transactions are those strategies in
which we attempt to change our current
environments by causing change in the people
around us
About how much of personality is determined by
genetics? Correct Answers 40-60%
According to Valliant and Valliant (1990), what best
predicts health and adjustment at age 63? Correct
Answers Health and adjustment at midlife
Adults who are _________ healthy show warmth,
compassion, and productivity. Correct Answers
psychologically
,Allie is an optimist who believes the best in people.
As a result, she tends to experience life with more
positive experiences than Michael, who is more
pessimistic. This situation is an example of
meaning through a/n Correct Answers internal
working model
Amita has an autistic child who also presents
symptoms of oppositional defiance disorder (ODD).
She expresses her frustration to her best friend,
who offers a couple of suggestions on how to
handle her child, but Amita becomes angry and
says she is not looking for advice. Amita is an
example of which of Valliant's defence
mechanisms? Correct Answers Help-rejecting
complaning
As part of a research study, a group of
kindergartners take the NEO Five-Factor
personality test and then are retested as college
freshmen. What is likely to be seen when applying
mean-level change? Correct Answers There will
be personality growth with maturation
Branson has always assumed he would go into the
family business when he graduated from college,
but during his senior year, he decides to apply to
dental school instead. This change reflects which
task of emerging adulthood? Correct Answers
identity exploration
, Career recycling Correct Answers in vocational
psychology, the notion that people may go back
and revisit earlier stages of career development
Caroline, an 89-year-old woman, has recently been
told she only has a few months to live. How would
you expect her to approach spirituality and
religion? Correct Answers Increased prayer at
home
Corinne has regularly attended church services her
entire life. What is she likely to experience?
Correct Answers Decreased stress
Defense mechanisms (Vaillant) Correct Answers
the set of normal, unconscious strategies used for
dealing with anxiety
Deficiency motives and being motives (Maslow's
hierarchy of needs) Correct Answers Deficiency
motives: Maslow believed that the satisfaction of
deficiency motives prevents or cures illness, and
re-creates homeostasis (inner balance). In contrast,
the satisfaction of being motives produces positive
health
Being motives: being motives are quite fragile and
do not typically emerge until well into adulthood,
and then only under supportive circumstances.
4 ways that person-environment transactions can
happen Correct Answers Reactive transactions
take place when we react to, or interpret, an
experience in a way that is consistent with our own
personality or self-concept.
Evocative transactions are those in which we
behave in a way that elicits reactions from others
that confirm our own personality or self-concept
Proactive transactions occur when we select roles
and environments that best fit our personalities
and self-concept.
Manipulative transactions are those strategies in
which we attempt to change our current
environments by causing change in the people
around us
About how much of personality is determined by
genetics? Correct Answers 40-60%
According to Valliant and Valliant (1990), what best
predicts health and adjustment at age 63? Correct
Answers Health and adjustment at midlife
Adults who are _________ healthy show warmth,
compassion, and productivity. Correct Answers
psychologically
,Allie is an optimist who believes the best in people.
As a result, she tends to experience life with more
positive experiences than Michael, who is more
pessimistic. This situation is an example of
meaning through a/n Correct Answers internal
working model
Amita has an autistic child who also presents
symptoms of oppositional defiance disorder (ODD).
She expresses her frustration to her best friend,
who offers a couple of suggestions on how to
handle her child, but Amita becomes angry and
says she is not looking for advice. Amita is an
example of which of Valliant's defence
mechanisms? Correct Answers Help-rejecting
complaning
As part of a research study, a group of
kindergartners take the NEO Five-Factor
personality test and then are retested as college
freshmen. What is likely to be seen when applying
mean-level change? Correct Answers There will
be personality growth with maturation
Branson has always assumed he would go into the
family business when he graduated from college,
but during his senior year, he decides to apply to
dental school instead. This change reflects which
task of emerging adulthood? Correct Answers
identity exploration
, Career recycling Correct Answers in vocational
psychology, the notion that people may go back
and revisit earlier stages of career development
Caroline, an 89-year-old woman, has recently been
told she only has a few months to live. How would
you expect her to approach spirituality and
religion? Correct Answers Increased prayer at
home
Corinne has regularly attended church services her
entire life. What is she likely to experience?
Correct Answers Decreased stress
Defense mechanisms (Vaillant) Correct Answers
the set of normal, unconscious strategies used for
dealing with anxiety
Deficiency motives and being motives (Maslow's
hierarchy of needs) Correct Answers Deficiency
motives: Maslow believed that the satisfaction of
deficiency motives prevents or cures illness, and
re-creates homeostasis (inner balance). In contrast,
the satisfaction of being motives produces positive
health
Being motives: being motives are quite fragile and
do not typically emerge until well into adulthood,
and then only under supportive circumstances.
