EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Glucose Levels - ANS 80-130 range in diabetics
Protein - ANS 0.8g/kg body weight; Pts w/wounds may need to increased to 1.25-135
g/kg/day
Fluids - ANS 30mL/kg/day
Energy Intake - ANS 30-35 kcal/kg/day
What are the components of B Complex vitamins? - ANS Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, B6,
B12, Folic acid
What is the role of B Complex vitamins in the body? - ANS Cofactor with enzymes, immune
response, and synthesis of macronutrients
Why should vegan diets consider B Complex vitamins? - ANS Vegan diets may lack sufficient
B12, which is primarily found in animal products
What condition can affect the absorption of B12? - ANS Small bowel resection, especially in
the terminal ileum
B Complex Sources - ANS Whole grain foods and fortified foods
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, What is the function of iron in the body? - ANS Hemoglobin formation, oxygen transport,
collagen formation, and new cell generation.
What is the daily iron requirement for males? - ANS 10 mg/day
What is the daily iron requirement for females? - ANS 18 mg/day
Under what conditions can the iron requirement increase to 20-30 mg/day? - ANS During
stress, surgery, wound healing, or if a fistula is present.
What is the function of zinc? - ANS Cofactor for collagen synthesis
What is the normal daily requirement of zinc? - ANS 15 mg daily
What can high serum levels of zinc interfere with? - ANS Copper metabolism
What is the upper limit of zinc intake per day? - ANS 40 mg per day
Name a sources of zinc. - ANS Seafood, meat, liver, milk, eggs, wheat germ, brewer's yeast,
whole wheat bread
What is the function of copper in the body? - ANS Essential for cross-linking of collagen &
assists in RBC formation.
What is the normal daily requirement of copper? - ANS 900-1000 mcg/day.
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, What are some dietary sources of copper? - ANS Nuts, dried fruit & beans, whole grain
cereal, organ meats.
What is the primary function of Vitamin C? - ANS Collagen synthesis, assists in absorption of
iron, capillary wall integrity, fibroblast function, & immune function.
Is Vitamin C water soluble or fat soluble? - ANS Water soluble.
How much Vitamin C does a healthy adult require daily? - ANS 60 mg/day.
How much Vitamin C is needed after surgery or with a wound? - ANS 100-200 mg.
What are some sources of Vitamin C? - ANS Citrus fruits and juices, melons, broccoli,
tomatoes, green peppers, potatoes.
What is a deficiency of Vitamin C known as? - ANS Scurvy.
What can happen to healed wounds or scars in the case of Vitamin C deficiency? - ANS They
can reopen.
What is the primary function of Vitamin A? - ANS Cellular integrity, epithelialization,
angiogenesis, inflammation
What is the effect of Vitamin A on systemic steroids? - ANS It reverses the ill effects of
systemic steroids (>30mg/day)
Is Vitamin A water-soluble or fat-soluble? - ANS Fat-soluble
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