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MULTIPLEwpCHOICE.w p Choosewp thewp onewpalternativewp thatwp bestwp completeswp thewp statementwp orwp answerswp the
wp question.
1) Awpsubstancewpwithwpspecificwppropertieswpthatwpcannotwpbewpbrokenwpdownwporwpconvertedwpintowp
anotherwpsubstancewpiswpcalledwpa(n)
A) molecule.
B) compound.
C) mixture.
D) ion.
E) element.
wpAnswer:w
pE
2) Ifwpyouwpexaminedwpthewphumanwpbodywponwpawpchemicalwpcompositionwpbasis,wpwhichwpofwpthe
wpfollowingwpcombinationswpofwpelementswpwouldwpbewpmostwpcommon?
A) O,wpC,wpH,wpN
B) O,wpC,wpN,wpNa
C) C,wpH,wpCa,wpCl
D) C,wpN,wpCa,wpS
E) O,wpC,wpP,wpS
Answer:w p A
3) Thewpatomicwp numberwp ofwpanwp atomwp iswpdefinedwpaswp the
A) totalwp numberwpofwpelectronswpandwpneutrons.
B) totalwp numberwpofwpenergywpshells.
C) numberwpofwpprotonswp inwpthewpatomicwp nucleus.
D) numberwp ofwpneutronswpinwpthewp atomicwp nucleus.
E) numberwpofwpelectronswpinwpthewpoutermostwp
energywplevel.wpAnswer:w p C
4) Phosphoruswphaswpanwpatomicwp numberwpofwp15,wpsowpwhatwpiswpthewpdistributionwpofwp itswpelectrons?
A) Thewpfirst,wpsecond,wpandwpthirdwpenergywplevelswphavewp5wp electronswpeach.
B) Thewpfirstwp energywplevelwp haswp8wp andwpthewpsecondwphaswp7.
C) Thewpfirstwpenergywplevelwp haswp2,wpthewpsecondwphaswp8,wp andwpthewpthirdwphaswp5.
D) Thewpfirstwp energywplevelwp haswp2wp andwpthewpsecondwphaswp13.
E) Thewpelectronwparrangementwpcannotwpbewpdeterminedwpfromwpthewpatomi
cwpnumberwpalone.wpAnswer:w p C
5) Whichwp fourwp elementswp makewp upwp approximatelywp 96%wp ofwp livingwp matter?
A) Carbon,wp hydrogen,wp nitrogen,wp oxygen
B) Carbon,wp oxygen,wp calcium,wp sulfur
C) Carbon,wp sodium,wp chlorine,wp magnesium
D) Carbon,wp phosphorus,wp hydrogen,wp sulfur
E) Oxygen,wphydrogen,wpcalcium,wps
odiumwpAnswer:w p A
6) Imaginewpthatwpyouwphavewpbeenwphiredwpaswpawpchemistwpandwpyourwpfirstwptaskwpiswptowpexamine
wpawpnewlywpdiscoveredwpatom.wpThewppaperworkwpyouwparewpgivenwpstateswpthatwpitswpatomicwpnu
mberwpiswp110.wpWhatwpdoeswpthiswpmean?
A) Thewpatomwp containswp55wp protonswpandwp55wp neutrons.
B) Thewpatomwp containswp55wp electrons.
C) Thewpatomwp iswpanwpisotope.
D) Thewpatomwpcontainswp110wp
protons.wpAnswer:w p D
1
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7) Ironwpiswpanwpimportantwpelementwpinwphumanwpbodywpcells.wpIfwpironwphaswpanwpatomicwpnumber
wpofwp26,wpwhatwpdoeswpthiswptellwpyouwpaboutwpthiswpelement?
A) Anwpironwpatomwp haswp26wp protons.
B) Anwpironwpatomwp iswp unablewp towpbecomewpanwp isotope.
C) Anwpironwpatomwp haswp13wp electronswpandwp13wp protons.
D) Anwpironwpatomwphaswp13wpprotonswpand
wp13wpneutrons.wpAnswer:w p A
8) Carbon-
14wpiswpoftenwpusedwpforwpcarbonwpdating,wpwherewpscientistswpmeasurewpthewpratewpofwpcarbon-
14wpdecaywptowpdeterminewpthewpagewpofwpitems.wpCarbon-
14wpcontainswpsixwpprotonswpandwpeightwpneutrons.wpDuringwpthewpprocesswpofwpcarbon-
14wpdecay,w p onewpofwpitswpeightwpneutronswpbecomeswpawpprotonwpandwpanwpelectronwpiswpemitted.
wpWhichwpofwpthewpfollowingwpiswpthewpbestwpexplanationwpofwpwhatwphaswpoccurred?
A) Thewp resultingwp atomwp iswp stillwp carbon-14.
B) Thewpresultingwpatomwp haswpawp morewp stablewp nucleus.
C) Anwpionicwpbondwphaswpformed.
D) Thewpresultingwpatomwpiswpnowwpawpdifferentwpelementwpbecausewpthewpnumberwpof
wpprotonswphaswpchanged.wpAnswer:w p D
9) Radioactivewp isotopeswparewpbiologicalwp toolswpthatwparewpoftenwpusedwpto
A) detectwpbrainwp tumorswp andwp otherwp importantwp medicalwp technologies.
B) buildwpupwpawpstorewp ofwpcalciumwpinwpawp cell.
C) increasewpthewppHwpofwp blood.
D) measurewpthewpsizewpof
wpfossils.wpAnswer:w p A
10) Forwp anwp atomwp towp achievewp maximumwp stabilitywp andwp becomewp chemicallywp inert,wp whatwp mustwpoccur?
A) Ionizationwp occurs.
B) Itswpoutermostwp energywpshellwp mustwp bewpcompletelywpfilledwpwithwpelectrons.
C) Electronwp pairswp arewp shared.
D) Thewpnumberwpofwpelectronswpmustwpequalwpthewpnum
berwpofwpprotons.wpAnswer:w p B
11) Anwp atom'swp nucleuswp iswp composedwp of
A) neutronswpandwp electrons.
B) protonswponly.
C) protonswpandwpelectrons.
D) protonswpandwpneutrons.
E) neutronswp on
ly.
Answer:w p D
12) Thewp formationwp ofwp ionswp involveswp the
A) sharingwpofwpprotons.
B) gainwporwplosswpofwpprotons.
C) sharingwpofwpelectrons.
D) gainwporwplosswpofwpneutrons.
E) gainwporwplosswpofwpe
lectrons.wpAnswer:w p E
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13) Ifwpawp certainwpatomwp haswpawp tendencywptowplosewp twowpelectrons,wpthatwpatomwpcanwpthenwpbecomewpa(n)
A) polarwp molecule.
B) ion.
C) isotope.
D) waterwp molecu
le.
Answer:w p B
14) Thewpformationwpofwp sodiumwp chloridewp (NaCl)wp iswpthewpresultwpof
A) attractionwp betweenwp oppositewp charges.
B) chemicalwp unreactivity.
C) covalentwp bonding.
D) repellingwpbetweenwpthewpsamewp
charges.wpAnswer:w p A
15) Atomswporwp moleculeswpthatwphavewp gainedwporwp lostwp electronswparewpcalled
A) bases.
B) ions.
C) acids.
D) buffers.
E) covalent.
wpAnswer:w p
B
16) Mostwp biologicalwp moleculeswp arewp joinedwp by
A) ionicwp bonds.
B) peptidewp bonds.
C) covalentwp bonds.
D) hydrogenwp bonds.
E) disulfidewpbon
ds.wpAnswer:w p C
17) Sulfurwpiswpanwpessentialwpelementwpinwpthewphumanwpbody,wpandwpstudyingwpitswpcharacteristicswpiswp
importantwpinwpunderstandingwphumanwpphysiology.wpSulfurwpatomswphavewpsixwpelectronswpinwptheirwp
outerwpshell.wpBasedwponwpthiswpinformation,wpwhichwpofwpthewpfollowingwpiswpTRUE?
A) Sulfurwp haswpeightwpelectronswpinwpitswpouterwpshell.
B) Sulfurwp iswp inert.
C) Sulfurwp iswpanwp importantwpisotopewpofwphydrogen.
D) Sulfurwpcanwpformwpimportantwpmoleculeswpusingwpcov
alentwpbonds.wpAnswer:w p D
18) Freewpradicalswpcontainwpunpairedwpelectronswpinwptheirwpoutermostwpenergywpshell,wpsowptheywpreactw
preadilywpwithwpotherwpatomsw p orwpmoleculeswptowpreachwpawpmorewpstablewpstate.wpWhichwpofwpthe
wpfollowingwpcouldwppotentiallywpbewpawpfreewpradical?
A) Heliumwp (atomicwp numberwp 2)
B) Magnesiumwp (atomicwp numberwp 12)
C) Neonwp (atomicwp numberwp 10)
D) Fluorinewp(atomicwpnumb
erwp9)wpAnswer:w p D
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hwpEditionwpAudesirk
MULTIPLEwpCHOICE.w p Choosewp thewp onewpalternativewp thatwp bestwp completeswp thewp statementwp orwp answerswp the
wp question.
1) Awpsubstancewpwithwpspecificwppropertieswpthatwpcannotwpbewpbrokenwpdownwporwpconvertedwpintowp
anotherwpsubstancewpiswpcalledwpa(n)
A) molecule.
B) compound.
C) mixture.
D) ion.
E) element.
wpAnswer:w
pE
2) Ifwpyouwpexaminedwpthewphumanwpbodywponwpawpchemicalwpcompositionwpbasis,wpwhichwpofwpthe
wpfollowingwpcombinationswpofwpelementswpwouldwpbewpmostwpcommon?
A) O,wpC,wpH,wpN
B) O,wpC,wpN,wpNa
C) C,wpH,wpCa,wpCl
D) C,wpN,wpCa,wpS
E) O,wpC,wpP,wpS
Answer:w p A
3) Thewpatomicwp numberwp ofwpanwp atomwp iswpdefinedwpaswp the
A) totalwp numberwpofwpelectronswpandwpneutrons.
B) totalwp numberwpofwpenergywpshells.
C) numberwpofwpprotonswp inwpthewpatomicwp nucleus.
D) numberwp ofwpneutronswpinwpthewp atomicwp nucleus.
E) numberwpofwpelectronswpinwpthewpoutermostwp
energywplevel.wpAnswer:w p C
4) Phosphoruswphaswpanwpatomicwp numberwpofwp15,wpsowpwhatwpiswpthewpdistributionwpofwp itswpelectrons?
A) Thewpfirst,wpsecond,wpandwpthirdwpenergywplevelswphavewp5wp electronswpeach.
B) Thewpfirstwp energywplevelwp haswp8wp andwpthewpsecondwphaswp7.
C) Thewpfirstwpenergywplevelwp haswp2,wpthewpsecondwphaswp8,wp andwpthewpthirdwphaswp5.
D) Thewpfirstwp energywplevelwp haswp2wp andwpthewpsecondwphaswp13.
E) Thewpelectronwparrangementwpcannotwpbewpdeterminedwpfromwpthewpatomi
cwpnumberwpalone.wpAnswer:w p C
5) Whichwp fourwp elementswp makewp upwp approximatelywp 96%wp ofwp livingwp matter?
A) Carbon,wp hydrogen,wp nitrogen,wp oxygen
B) Carbon,wp oxygen,wp calcium,wp sulfur
C) Carbon,wp sodium,wp chlorine,wp magnesium
D) Carbon,wp phosphorus,wp hydrogen,wp sulfur
E) Oxygen,wphydrogen,wpcalcium,wps
odiumwpAnswer:w p A
6) Imaginewpthatwpyouwphavewpbeenwphiredwpaswpawpchemistwpandwpyourwpfirstwptaskwpiswptowpexamine
wpawpnewlywpdiscoveredwpatom.wpThewppaperworkwpyouwparewpgivenwpstateswpthatwpitswpatomicwpnu
mberwpiswp110.wpWhatwpdoeswpthiswpmean?
A) Thewpatomwp containswp55wp protonswpandwp55wp neutrons.
B) Thewpatomwp containswp55wp electrons.
C) Thewpatomwp iswpanwpisotope.
D) Thewpatomwpcontainswp110wp
protons.wpAnswer:w p D
1
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7) Ironwpiswpanwpimportantwpelementwpinwphumanwpbodywpcells.wpIfwpironwphaswpanwpatomicwpnumber
wpofwp26,wpwhatwpdoeswpthiswptellwpyouwpaboutwpthiswpelement?
A) Anwpironwpatomwp haswp26wp protons.
B) Anwpironwpatomwp iswp unablewp towpbecomewpanwp isotope.
C) Anwpironwpatomwp haswp13wp electronswpandwp13wp protons.
D) Anwpironwpatomwphaswp13wpprotonswpand
wp13wpneutrons.wpAnswer:w p A
8) Carbon-
14wpiswpoftenwpusedwpforwpcarbonwpdating,wpwherewpscientistswpmeasurewpthewpratewpofwpcarbon-
14wpdecaywptowpdeterminewpthewpagewpofwpitems.wpCarbon-
14wpcontainswpsixwpprotonswpandwpeightwpneutrons.wpDuringwpthewpprocesswpofwpcarbon-
14wpdecay,w p onewpofwpitswpeightwpneutronswpbecomeswpawpprotonwpandwpanwpelectronwpiswpemitted.
wpWhichwpofwpthewpfollowingwpiswpthewpbestwpexplanationwpofwpwhatwphaswpoccurred?
A) Thewp resultingwp atomwp iswp stillwp carbon-14.
B) Thewpresultingwpatomwp haswpawp morewp stablewp nucleus.
C) Anwpionicwpbondwphaswpformed.
D) Thewpresultingwpatomwpiswpnowwpawpdifferentwpelementwpbecausewpthewpnumberwpof
wpprotonswphaswpchanged.wpAnswer:w p D
9) Radioactivewp isotopeswparewpbiologicalwp toolswpthatwparewpoftenwpusedwpto
A) detectwpbrainwp tumorswp andwp otherwp importantwp medicalwp technologies.
B) buildwpupwpawpstorewp ofwpcalciumwpinwpawp cell.
C) increasewpthewppHwpofwp blood.
D) measurewpthewpsizewpof
wpfossils.wpAnswer:w p A
10) Forwp anwp atomwp towp achievewp maximumwp stabilitywp andwp becomewp chemicallywp inert,wp whatwp mustwpoccur?
A) Ionizationwp occurs.
B) Itswpoutermostwp energywpshellwp mustwp bewpcompletelywpfilledwpwithwpelectrons.
C) Electronwp pairswp arewp shared.
D) Thewpnumberwpofwpelectronswpmustwpequalwpthewpnum
berwpofwpprotons.wpAnswer:w p B
11) Anwp atom'swp nucleuswp iswp composedwp of
A) neutronswpandwp electrons.
B) protonswponly.
C) protonswpandwpelectrons.
D) protonswpandwpneutrons.
E) neutronswp on
ly.
Answer:w p D
12) Thewp formationwp ofwp ionswp involveswp the
A) sharingwpofwpprotons.
B) gainwporwplosswpofwpprotons.
C) sharingwpofwpelectrons.
D) gainwporwplosswpofwpneutrons.
E) gainwporwplosswpofwpe
lectrons.wpAnswer:w p E
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13) Ifwpawp certainwpatomwp haswpawp tendencywptowplosewp twowpelectrons,wpthatwpatomwpcanwpthenwpbecomewpa(n)
A) polarwp molecule.
B) ion.
C) isotope.
D) waterwp molecu
le.
Answer:w p B
14) Thewpformationwpofwp sodiumwp chloridewp (NaCl)wp iswpthewpresultwpof
A) attractionwp betweenwp oppositewp charges.
B) chemicalwp unreactivity.
C) covalentwp bonding.
D) repellingwpbetweenwpthewpsamewp
charges.wpAnswer:w p A
15) Atomswporwp moleculeswpthatwphavewp gainedwporwp lostwp electronswparewpcalled
A) bases.
B) ions.
C) acids.
D) buffers.
E) covalent.
wpAnswer:w p
B
16) Mostwp biologicalwp moleculeswp arewp joinedwp by
A) ionicwp bonds.
B) peptidewp bonds.
C) covalentwp bonds.
D) hydrogenwp bonds.
E) disulfidewpbon
ds.wpAnswer:w p C
17) Sulfurwpiswpanwpessentialwpelementwpinwpthewphumanwpbody,wpandwpstudyingwpitswpcharacteristicswpiswp
importantwpinwpunderstandingwphumanwpphysiology.wpSulfurwpatomswphavewpsixwpelectronswpinwptheirwp
outerwpshell.wpBasedwponwpthiswpinformation,wpwhichwpofwpthewpfollowingwpiswpTRUE?
A) Sulfurwp haswpeightwpelectronswpinwpitswpouterwpshell.
B) Sulfurwp iswp inert.
C) Sulfurwp iswpanwp importantwpisotopewpofwphydrogen.
D) Sulfurwpcanwpformwpimportantwpmoleculeswpusingwpcov
alentwpbonds.wpAnswer:w p D
18) Freewpradicalswpcontainwpunpairedwpelectronswpinwptheirwpoutermostwpenergywpshell,wpsowptheywpreactw
preadilywpwithwpotherwpatomsw p orwpmoleculeswptowpreachwpawpmorewpstablewpstate.wpWhichwpofwpthe
wpfollowingwpcouldwppotentiallywpbewpawpfreewpradical?
A) Heliumwp (atomicwp numberwp 2)
B) Magnesiumwp (atomicwp numberwp 12)
C) Neonwp (atomicwp numberwp 10)
D) Fluorinewp(atomicwpnumb
erwp9)wpAnswer:w p D
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