lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
Cardiac
ACEI: lisinopril
- Monitor BP, K
- Orthostatic hypotension, angioedema, hyperkalemia
- Pts may stop b/c dry cough → rebound tachycardia
- Contraindicated in renal impairment
ARBs: Losartan
- Monitor BP, K
- Orthostatic hypotension, angioedema, hyperkalemia
- Increased risk for lithium toxicity
Cardiac glycoside: Digoxin
- + inotrope, - chronotrope
- When you dig a hole, go slow and strong
- Toxicity: bradycardia, heart block, blurry vision, halos
- 3 Bs + H
- Higher risk w/ hypokalemia
- Monitor HR and BP
- Tx for HF and atrial dysrhythmias
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor: Milrinone
- Vasodilation
- 8+ drug-free hrs to prevent tolerance
- Causes headache, hypotension
- Tx for CAD, angina, HTN, MI, HF
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor: Atorvastatin
- Decreases LDL, Increases HDL
- Hepatotoxic, myopathy
- No grapefruit
- Monitor creatinine kinase, renal and liver function
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
-
Antidysrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers
- Decrease BP and HR
Procainamide
- Atrial dysrhythmias
- Neutropenia
Lidocaine
- Ventricular dysrhythmias
Respiratory arrest
Potassium channel blocker: Amiodarone
- Dilates coronary vessels
- No grapefruit
- Amy (Amiodarone) loves bananas (potassium channel blocker), but hates grapefruit
(don’t take with grapefruit)
- Ventricular AND atrial dysrhythmias
- Pulmonary and hepatotoxic
- Monitor TSH levels
- Blue man syndrome
Beta blockers: Metoprolol
- Atrial dysrhythmias, HF, HTN
- Decreases HR and BP
- Fatigue
- Masks signs of glucose dysregulation
- Propranolol: non-selective, contraindicated in chronic respiratory disorders
Atropine (anticholinergic)
- Increases HR for symptomatic bradycardia
- Atropine is the trampoline of the heart
Adenosine
- SVT → normal sinus
- Sally’s Very Tachy, addy (Adenosine) brings her backy
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
-
- Brief period of asystole
Calcium channel blockers: Diltiazem, Nifedipine
- Atrial dysrhythmias, Angina, HTN, CAN, HF
- Decreases HR and BP
- Causes edema
- No grapefruit
Diuretics
- Decrease preload for HF and HTN
- Monitor BP, electrolytes, and kidney function
- Causes orthostatic hypotension
Thiazide: Hydrochlorothiazide
- Causes hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia - First line
Loop: furosemide
- Ototoxic, Nephrotoxic
- Hypokalemia
Potassium sparing: Spironolactone
Hyperkalemia
Osmotic: Mannitol
- Tx increased ICP and IOP
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor: Acetazolamide
- Tx glaucoma and alkalosis (excretes bicarbonate)
- Causes acidosis
Hemolytic
Anticoags - inhibit clot formation
Heparin, Enoxaparin
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Cardiac
ACEI: lisinopril
- Monitor BP, K
- Orthostatic hypotension, angioedema, hyperkalemia
- Pts may stop b/c dry cough → rebound tachycardia
- Contraindicated in renal impairment
ARBs: Losartan
- Monitor BP, K
- Orthostatic hypotension, angioedema, hyperkalemia
- Increased risk for lithium toxicity
Cardiac glycoside: Digoxin
- + inotrope, - chronotrope
- When you dig a hole, go slow and strong
- Toxicity: bradycardia, heart block, blurry vision, halos
- 3 Bs + H
- Higher risk w/ hypokalemia
- Monitor HR and BP
- Tx for HF and atrial dysrhythmias
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor: Milrinone
- Vasodilation
- 8+ drug-free hrs to prevent tolerance
- Causes headache, hypotension
- Tx for CAD, angina, HTN, MI, HF
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor: Atorvastatin
- Decreases LDL, Increases HDL
- Hepatotoxic, myopathy
- No grapefruit
- Monitor creatinine kinase, renal and liver function
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
-
Antidysrhythmics
Sodium channel blockers
- Decrease BP and HR
Procainamide
- Atrial dysrhythmias
- Neutropenia
Lidocaine
- Ventricular dysrhythmias
Respiratory arrest
Potassium channel blocker: Amiodarone
- Dilates coronary vessels
- No grapefruit
- Amy (Amiodarone) loves bananas (potassium channel blocker), but hates grapefruit
(don’t take with grapefruit)
- Ventricular AND atrial dysrhythmias
- Pulmonary and hepatotoxic
- Monitor TSH levels
- Blue man syndrome
Beta blockers: Metoprolol
- Atrial dysrhythmias, HF, HTN
- Decreases HR and BP
- Fatigue
- Masks signs of glucose dysregulation
- Propranolol: non-selective, contraindicated in chronic respiratory disorders
Atropine (anticholinergic)
- Increases HR for symptomatic bradycardia
- Atropine is the trampoline of the heart
Adenosine
- SVT → normal sinus
- Sally’s Very Tachy, addy (Adenosine) brings her backy
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
-
- Brief period of asystole
Calcium channel blockers: Diltiazem, Nifedipine
- Atrial dysrhythmias, Angina, HTN, CAN, HF
- Decreases HR and BP
- Causes edema
- No grapefruit
Diuretics
- Decrease preload for HF and HTN
- Monitor BP, electrolytes, and kidney function
- Causes orthostatic hypotension
Thiazide: Hydrochlorothiazide
- Causes hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia - First line
Loop: furosemide
- Ototoxic, Nephrotoxic
- Hypokalemia
Potassium sparing: Spironolactone
Hyperkalemia
Osmotic: Mannitol
- Tx increased ICP and IOP
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor: Acetazolamide
- Tx glaucoma and alkalosis (excretes bicarbonate)
- Causes acidosis
Hemolytic
Anticoags - inhibit clot formation
Heparin, Enoxaparin
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
