NUTR 331 Unit 4 Exam Questions with 100%
Correct Answers
Epiglottis
a flap located at the start of the esophagus which prevents food from entering the lungs.
Sphincter
a circular muscle surrounding, and able to close, a body opening. The stomach has two
sphincters: one at the start of the stomach and one at the end.
Duodenum
the first part of the small intestine, the site at which foods are subjected to the action of bile
and pancreatic juices, and where the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats begins.
Jejunum
the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum; its principal function is
absorption of digested material.
Ileum
the last segment of the small intestine that precedes the large intestine and functions in the
absorption of nutrients.
Mechanical Digestion
Begins at the mouth, where large, solid food pieces are torn to shreds that can be swallowed
without choking. Chewing also adds water in the form of saliva to soften sharp/rough foods
(prevent them from tearing esophagus)
Digestion
the breakdown of food into absorbable forms, through mechanical and chemical action
(swallowed food mass is called a bolus)
, Peristalsis
the wavelike muscular squeezing of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine that pushes
their contents along
Segmentation
alternating forward and backward movement allowing for greater contact between the partially
digested food and intestinal juices and enzymes, thus resulting in virtually complete digestion
of the food we eat.
Stomach
a muscular, elastic, pouch-like organ of the digestive tract that grinds and churns swallowed
food and mixes
Chyme
the fluid resulting from the actions of the stomach upon food
Pyloric valve
the circular muscle of the lower stomach that regulates the flow of partly digested food into the
small intestine. Also called the pyloric sphincter.
Large intestine
(the colon) main task is to reabsorb the water. The portion of the intestine that completes the
absorption process.
Feces
waste material remaining after digestion and absorption are complete; eventually discharged
from the body.
Chemical digestion
Correct Answers
Epiglottis
a flap located at the start of the esophagus which prevents food from entering the lungs.
Sphincter
a circular muscle surrounding, and able to close, a body opening. The stomach has two
sphincters: one at the start of the stomach and one at the end.
Duodenum
the first part of the small intestine, the site at which foods are subjected to the action of bile
and pancreatic juices, and where the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats begins.
Jejunum
the first two-fifths of the small intestine beyond the duodenum; its principal function is
absorption of digested material.
Ileum
the last segment of the small intestine that precedes the large intestine and functions in the
absorption of nutrients.
Mechanical Digestion
Begins at the mouth, where large, solid food pieces are torn to shreds that can be swallowed
without choking. Chewing also adds water in the form of saliva to soften sharp/rough foods
(prevent them from tearing esophagus)
Digestion
the breakdown of food into absorbable forms, through mechanical and chemical action
(swallowed food mass is called a bolus)
, Peristalsis
the wavelike muscular squeezing of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine that pushes
their contents along
Segmentation
alternating forward and backward movement allowing for greater contact between the partially
digested food and intestinal juices and enzymes, thus resulting in virtually complete digestion
of the food we eat.
Stomach
a muscular, elastic, pouch-like organ of the digestive tract that grinds and churns swallowed
food and mixes
Chyme
the fluid resulting from the actions of the stomach upon food
Pyloric valve
the circular muscle of the lower stomach that regulates the flow of partly digested food into the
small intestine. Also called the pyloric sphincter.
Large intestine
(the colon) main task is to reabsorb the water. The portion of the intestine that completes the
absorption process.
Feces
waste material remaining after digestion and absorption are complete; eventually discharged
from the body.
Chemical digestion
