MCPHS Anatomy & Physiology Exam 2 Questions With 100% Verified Answers.

MCPHS Anatomy & Physiology Exam 2 Questions With 100% Verified Answers. Bone growth, increasing size or thickness of a bone due to growth beneath the periosteum is called _____ growth. - ANSWER -appositional Describe the role of nutrition and hormones in determining the size and shape of the skeleton. - ANSWER -Proper nutrition and certain hormones will increase the size and shape of the skeleton. Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress, replaces old bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone. - ANSWER bone remodeling The condition called ______ is a disease of childhood in which a deficiency in vitamin D results in soft bones; those of the lower limbs bend under the body's weight. - ANSWER -rickets What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone? - ANSWER Electrical charge changes Increased osteoblast activity What is the role of vitamin C in skeletal development? - ANSWER -Collagen synthesis by osteoblasts requires vitamin C. A(n) _____ fracture is one in which there is no visible damage to the skin at the injury site. - ANSWER -closed What is a mass of blood in the tissues called? - ANSWER -hematoma Bones are the primary storage location for ______. - ANSWER -calcium in a(n) ___ fracture, there is visible damage to the skin at the trauma site - ANSWER -open Osteoclasts become active when - ANSWER -blood calcium levels are low Osteoblasts are activated when - ANSWER -blood calcium levels are high Bleeding at the site of a bone fracture results in the formation of hematoma. Usually the blood in a hematoma forms a - ANSWER -clot The hormone ______ is released by the thyroid gland when blood calcium levels are elevated. Its effect is to inhibit osteoclast activity. - ANSWER -calcitonin An increased blood calcium level stimulates the release of: - ANSWER -calcitriol Interconnecting rods of bone or bone tissue are: - ANSWER -trabeculae A passageway perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and connects one central canal to another is called a/an: - ANSWER -Perforating canal The primary mineral in bone is: - ANSWER -Calcium rickets is - ANSWER -A disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones. Which of the following is the cell responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed? - ANSWER -osteocyte A type of bone that has a porous appearance and contains interlocking plates called trabeculae is known as: - ANSWER -spongy bone Osteoclast activity would decrease when _____ levels are elevated. - ANSWER calcitonin The correct order of events in bone repair is: - ANSWER -Hematoma formation, callus formation, callus ossification, and remodeling of bone. The site of longitudinal growth in long bones is the: - ANSWER -Epiphyseal plate Collagen fibers and calcium hydroxyapatite are primary components of: - ANSWER -bone matrix The osteon or haversian system: - ANSWER -Are the basic functional unit in compact bone An x-ray reveals a fracture located through the mid-shaft of a young child's arm bone. The break is in the _____ of the bone. - ANSWER -diaphysis The inorganic component to bone which comprises the hardness and strength bearing strength to bone is: - ANSWER -hydroxyapatite crystals The organic component to bone which comprises the flexible, tensile strength to bone is: - ANSWER -collagen fibers A passageway connecting an osteocyte to another osteocyte or a nutrient source is called a/an: - ANSWER -canaliculus How many bones are there in the typical adult skeleton? - ANSWER -206 Wrist bones that are round or nearly cube-shaped are classified as - ANSWER short bones flat, tongue-shaped process - ANSWER -lingula Hook-shaped process - ANSWER -hamulus knob on the bone - ANSWER -tuberosity bone fissure - ANSWER -cleft bone process - ANSWER -prominent projection