U.S. History EOC Test Review 2025
Questions and Answers
Federalism - ANSWER✔✔-Division of power between the national and state governments.
Separation of Power/ 3 branches of government - ANSWER✔✔-The division of a central
government into three branches, each having its own responsibilities and authorities., the division of
basic government roles into branches. Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches.
Checks and Balances - ANSWER✔✔-A system that allows each branch of government to limit the
powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power.
Federalists and Antifederalists - ANSWER✔✔-1780s - "Federalists:" Americans who advocated
centralized power and constitutional ratification, northeastern business groups, loose interpretation
of the Constitution
"Antinfederalists:" against the adoption of the Constitution because of suspicion against centralized
governemnt ruling at a distance and limiting freedom, led by George Mason and Patrick Henry
turned into the Jeffersonian Republicans.
Bill of Rights - ANSWER✔✔-A formal statement of the fundamental rights of the people of the
United States, incorporated in the Constitution as Amendments 1-10, and in all state constitutions.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Louisiana Purchase - ANSWER✔✔-1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. Made by
Jefferson, this doubled the size of the US.
Oregon Territory - ANSWER✔✔-Territory of Oregon, Washington, and portions of what became
British Columbia, Canada; land claimed by both U.S. and Britain and held jointly under the
Convention of 1818.
Utah - ANSWER✔✔-A state in the western United States, settled by the Mormons in 1847.
California - ANSWER✔✔-People rushed to see gold, they built communities called boomtowns.
city grew with gold rush. ships of new people everyday would come and see (San Francisco-small
village grew to 20,000 people).
Texas - ANSWER✔✔-Texans declared their independence from Mexico believing they deprived
them of their rights. James Polk had Texas become the 28th state in the Union.
Annexation of Texas - ANSWER✔✔-Texas decides to secede from Mexico and attempts to declare
its independence which eventually leads to our adoption of the land as a state although it was feared
that it would cause conflict with mexico leading to war. Southern states in support of this as Texas
brought slaves with it meaning it would increase agricultural profits.
Mexican-American War - ANSWER✔✔-A war (1846-1848) between the United States and Mexico,
resulting in the cession by Mexico of lands now constituting all or most of the states of California,
Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Transcontinental Railroad - ANSWER✔✔-A railroad that connected the eastern United States to
the western United States. The railroad firmly bonded the West Coast the Union, created a trade
route to the far-east, and helped the western expansion.
Indian Reservations - ANSWER✔✔-Indians were sent to reservations to "protect their culture". In
reality, these reservations just pulled Indians off of lands the whites wanted and kept them separate
from American society.
Dawes Act - ANSWER✔✔-Bill that promised Indians tracts of land to farm in order to assimilate
them into white culture. The bill was resisted, uneffective, and disastrous to Indian tribes.
Monroe Doctrine - ANSWER✔✔-A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe
should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in
the Western Hemisphere. Established by President Monroe.
Abolitionism - ANSWER✔✔-A movement to end slavery.
Women's Suffrage - ANSWER✔✔-National American Woman Suffrage Association formed in
1910 carries cause of women's suffrage to victory, granted suffrage in the 19th amendment.
19th Century Education - ANSWER✔✔-Focus on higher and alternative education (high schools,
colleges, women's colleges, black education)
Prisons and Asylums - ANSWER✔✔-Led by Dorthea Dix , before the 19th century, these
institutions were viewed as public institutions of last resort. They now emerged as preferred solution
to poverty, crime, delinquency and insanity.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Questions and Answers
Federalism - ANSWER✔✔-Division of power between the national and state governments.
Separation of Power/ 3 branches of government - ANSWER✔✔-The division of a central
government into three branches, each having its own responsibilities and authorities., the division of
basic government roles into branches. Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches.
Checks and Balances - ANSWER✔✔-A system that allows each branch of government to limit the
powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power.
Federalists and Antifederalists - ANSWER✔✔-1780s - "Federalists:" Americans who advocated
centralized power and constitutional ratification, northeastern business groups, loose interpretation
of the Constitution
"Antinfederalists:" against the adoption of the Constitution because of suspicion against centralized
governemnt ruling at a distance and limiting freedom, led by George Mason and Patrick Henry
turned into the Jeffersonian Republicans.
Bill of Rights - ANSWER✔✔-A formal statement of the fundamental rights of the people of the
United States, incorporated in the Constitution as Amendments 1-10, and in all state constitutions.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Louisiana Purchase - ANSWER✔✔-1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. Made by
Jefferson, this doubled the size of the US.
Oregon Territory - ANSWER✔✔-Territory of Oregon, Washington, and portions of what became
British Columbia, Canada; land claimed by both U.S. and Britain and held jointly under the
Convention of 1818.
Utah - ANSWER✔✔-A state in the western United States, settled by the Mormons in 1847.
California - ANSWER✔✔-People rushed to see gold, they built communities called boomtowns.
city grew with gold rush. ships of new people everyday would come and see (San Francisco-small
village grew to 20,000 people).
Texas - ANSWER✔✔-Texans declared their independence from Mexico believing they deprived
them of their rights. James Polk had Texas become the 28th state in the Union.
Annexation of Texas - ANSWER✔✔-Texas decides to secede from Mexico and attempts to declare
its independence which eventually leads to our adoption of the land as a state although it was feared
that it would cause conflict with mexico leading to war. Southern states in support of this as Texas
brought slaves with it meaning it would increase agricultural profits.
Mexican-American War - ANSWER✔✔-A war (1846-1848) between the United States and Mexico,
resulting in the cession by Mexico of lands now constituting all or most of the states of California,
Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Transcontinental Railroad - ANSWER✔✔-A railroad that connected the eastern United States to
the western United States. The railroad firmly bonded the West Coast the Union, created a trade
route to the far-east, and helped the western expansion.
Indian Reservations - ANSWER✔✔-Indians were sent to reservations to "protect their culture". In
reality, these reservations just pulled Indians off of lands the whites wanted and kept them separate
from American society.
Dawes Act - ANSWER✔✔-Bill that promised Indians tracts of land to farm in order to assimilate
them into white culture. The bill was resisted, uneffective, and disastrous to Indian tribes.
Monroe Doctrine - ANSWER✔✔-A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe
should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in
the Western Hemisphere. Established by President Monroe.
Abolitionism - ANSWER✔✔-A movement to end slavery.
Women's Suffrage - ANSWER✔✔-National American Woman Suffrage Association formed in
1910 carries cause of women's suffrage to victory, granted suffrage in the 19th amendment.
19th Century Education - ANSWER✔✔-Focus on higher and alternative education (high schools,
colleges, women's colleges, black education)
Prisons and Asylums - ANSWER✔✔-Led by Dorthea Dix , before the 19th century, these
institutions were viewed as public institutions of last resort. They now emerged as preferred solution
to poverty, crime, delinquency and insanity.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
