TEST BANK for Human Learning
c c c c c
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15
c c c c c c
, CHAPTER 1 c
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING c c
Multiple Choice Questions
c c
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime
c c c c c c c c c c
thanany other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
that:
c
New instincts begin to emerge. c c c c
Human thought becomes less logical with each c c c c c c
generation.Humans can benefit from their experiences.
c c c c c c c
Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed
c c c c c c c c c
interms of stimuli and responses.
c c c c c c
Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
c c c c c c c c c c c
Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble.
c c c c c c c c
After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to
c c c c c c c c
advocatepolitical practices he has previously opposed.
c c c c c c c
Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related
c c c c c c c c c c c c c
to the multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
c c c c c c c c c
David has been running away from German shepherds ever since
c c c c c c c c c
hewas bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
c c c c c c c c c c
Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
c c c c c c c c c c c c c
kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade.
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
Isthis an instance of learning?
c c c c c c
Yes, because her behavior has changed.
c c c c c
No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
c c c c c c
Maybe, although the change may simply be due c c c c c c c
tophysiological maturation.
c c c
Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately.
c c c c c c c c c c
2
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning c c c c c
Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be
c c c c c c c c c c
c reflected in a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not
c c c c c c c c c c c c
c necessarily reflect learning?
c c
Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past
c c c c c c c c c c c
hisusual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly
c c c c c c c c c c c c
difficult to concentrate on what he‘s doing.
c c c c c c c
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
c c c c c c c c c c c
immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a
c c c c c c c c c c
conversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the
c c c c c c c c c
circumstances of the family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
c c c c c c c c
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills
c c c c c c c
(shooting, dribbling, etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With
c c c c c c c c c c c c
each practice session, his movements become faster and smoother.
c c c c c c c c c
Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his
c c c c c c c c c c
classwork, but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own.
c c c c c c c c c c c c c
After his teacher assures him that asking for help is not a sign of
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
weakness or inability, he begins asking for help much more frequently.
c c c c c c c c c c c
c research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and c c c c c c c
c research examines learning in real-world settings. c c c c c
Applied; Basic c
Basic; Qualitative
c c
Qualitative;
c
AppliedBasic;
c c
Applied
c
A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
c c c c c c c c
A description of the results of a particular research study
c c c c c c c c c
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
c c c c c c c c c
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
c c c c c c c c
aparticular situation
c c c
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
c c c c c c c c c
A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
c c c c c c c c
A description of the results of a particular research study
c c c c c c c c c
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
c c c c c c c c c
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
c c c c c c c c
aparticular situation
c c c
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
c c c c c c c c c
3
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
c c c c c
Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
c c c c c c c c c c c c
of learning rather than a principle?
c c c c c
A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
c c c c c c c c c
People learn by making mental associations between new
c c c c c c c
informationand their existing knowledge.
c c c c c
A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases
c c c c c c c c c
morerapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
c c c c c c c c c c
Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes
c c c c c c c c c c c
onthe lecture‘s content.
c c c c
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the
c c c c c c c c c
conceptof introspection?
c c c
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ c c c c c c
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ c c c
―A penny for your thoughts.‖c c c c
―Old habits die hard.‖ c c c
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the
c c c c c c c c c
basicpremise underlying social learning theory?
c c c c c c
―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ c c c
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ c c c c c c
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
c c c c c c c
―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖
c c c c c
Which one of the following statements provides the most credible
c c c c c c c c c
explanation for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other
c c c c c c c c c c c c
animalspecies in their thinking and learning capacities?
c c c c c c c c
Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
c c c c c c c c
Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing c c c c c c c c
so,pass along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
c c c c c c c c c
Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors
c c c c c c c c
fromwhich they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
c c c c c c c c c c
Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g.,
c c c c c c c c c c
elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more
c c c c c c c c
quicklyand efficiently.
c c c
4
c c c c c
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15
c c c c c c
, CHAPTER 1 c
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING c c
Multiple Choice Questions
c c
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime
c c c c c c c c c c
thanany other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
that:
c
New instincts begin to emerge. c c c c
Human thought becomes less logical with each c c c c c c
generation.Humans can benefit from their experiences.
c c c c c c c
Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed
c c c c c c c c c
interms of stimuli and responses.
c c c c c c
Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
c c c c c c c c c c c
Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble.
c c c c c c c c
After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to
c c c c c c c c
advocatepolitical practices he has previously opposed.
c c c c c c c
Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related
c c c c c c c c c c c c c
to the multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
c c c c c c c c c
David has been running away from German shepherds ever since
c c c c c c c c c
hewas bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
c c c c c c c c c c
Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
c c c c c c c c c c c c c
kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade.
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
Isthis an instance of learning?
c c c c c c
Yes, because her behavior has changed.
c c c c c
No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
c c c c c c
Maybe, although the change may simply be due c c c c c c c
tophysiological maturation.
c c c
Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately.
c c c c c c c c c c
2
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning c c c c c
Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be
c c c c c c c c c c
c reflected in a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not
c c c c c c c c c c c c
c necessarily reflect learning?
c c
Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past
c c c c c c c c c c c
hisusual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly
c c c c c c c c c c c c
difficult to concentrate on what he‘s doing.
c c c c c c c
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
c c c c c c c c c c c
immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a
c c c c c c c c c c
conversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the
c c c c c c c c c
circumstances of the family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
c c c c c c c c
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills
c c c c c c c
(shooting, dribbling, etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With
c c c c c c c c c c c c
each practice session, his movements become faster and smoother.
c c c c c c c c c
Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his
c c c c c c c c c c
classwork, but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own.
c c c c c c c c c c c c c
After his teacher assures him that asking for help is not a sign of
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
weakness or inability, he begins asking for help much more frequently.
c c c c c c c c c c c
c research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and c c c c c c c
c research examines learning in real-world settings. c c c c c
Applied; Basic c
Basic; Qualitative
c c
Qualitative;
c
AppliedBasic;
c c
Applied
c
A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
c c c c c c c c
A description of the results of a particular research study
c c c c c c c c c
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
c c c c c c c c c
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
c c c c c c c c
aparticular situation
c c c
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
c c c c c c c c c
A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
c c c c c c c c
A description of the results of a particular research study
c c c c c c c c c
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
c c c c c c c c c
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
c c c c c c c c
aparticular situation
c c c
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
c c c c c c c c c
3
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
c c c c c
Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
c c c c c c c c c c c c
of learning rather than a principle?
c c c c c
A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
c c c c c c c c c
People learn by making mental associations between new
c c c c c c c
informationand their existing knowledge.
c c c c c
A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases
c c c c c c c c c
morerapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
c c c c c c c c c c
Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes
c c c c c c c c c c c
onthe lecture‘s content.
c c c c
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the
c c c c c c c c c
conceptof introspection?
c c c
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ c c c c c c
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ c c c
―A penny for your thoughts.‖c c c c
―Old habits die hard.‖ c c c
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the
c c c c c c c c c
basicpremise underlying social learning theory?
c c c c c c
―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ c c c
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ c c c c c c
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
c c c c c c c
―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖
c c c c c
Which one of the following statements provides the most credible
c c c c c c c c c
explanation for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other
c c c c c c c c c c c c
animalspecies in their thinking and learning capacities?
c c c c c c c c
Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
c c c c c c c c
Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing c c c c c c c c
so,pass along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
c c c c c c c c c
Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors
c c c c c c c c
fromwhich they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
c c c c c c c c c c
Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g.,
c c c c c c c c c c
elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more
c c c c c c c c
quicklyand efficiently.
c c c
4
