SEM580 2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED
A+
✔✔Fissure - ✔✔Linear crack in epidermis, may be moist or dry; E.g., athlete's foot, dry
heels
✔✔Erosion - ✔✔Loss of epidermis
✔✔Scale - ✔✔Heaped up, keratinized cells; Flaky skin, irregular; thick or thin; E.g., dry
skin, seborrheic dermatitis
✔✔Crust - ✔✔Dried serum, blood, or exudate which varies in color; E.g., scab on
abrasion
✔✔Scab - ✔✔A dry, protective crust that forms over a cut or wound. not to be confused
with eschar.
✔✔Hemosiderin - ✔✔Brownish pigment caused by the breakdown of blood hemoglobin
in red blood cells. Iron and other byproducts are released from the hemoglobin through
leaking small blood vessels and converted into hemosiderin. This shows up as a brown
stain or even bruise-like staining on the skin and is a sign of chronic venous
insufficiency.
✔✔Lipodermatosclerosis - ✔✔Chronic inflammatory condition characterized by
subcutaneous fibrosis and hardening of the skin on the lower legs. Causes a tapering of
the leg to an inverted champagne bottle shape.
✔✔Atrophie Blanche - ✔✔Otherwise known as white blanche, is the name given to a
particular type of angular scar arising on the lower leg or foot. Is a spontaneously
developing lesion, often mistaken for a scar of previous ulceration.
✔✔Lichenification - ✔✔Rough, thicken epidermis due to chronic rubbing, itching; E.g.,
chronic dermatitis
✔✔Atrophy - ✔✔Thinning of skin surface with loss of landmarks, skin is paper-like; E.g.,
thinned, aged skin
✔✔Hypertrophic Scar - ✔✔Thicken, wide, raised scar due to over-production of
collagen; E.g., surgical incision
✔✔Keloid - ✔✔Irregular-shaped, grossly & progressively elevated scar that grows
beyond boundary of wound
, ✔✔Abscess - ✔✔Collection of pus in a localized area of tissue surrounded by
inflammation
✔✔Dermatitis - ✔✔Generic term meaning inflammation of the skin due to irritation (i.e.,
sun, products, meds, edema, etc.) evidenced by itching, redness, and various skin
lesions
✔✔Denuded - ✔✔Loss of epidermis due to exposure to urine, feces, body fluids, wound
exudate or friction. Superficial erosions.
✔✔Maceration - ✔✔Softening and breaking down of the skin due to prolonged
exposure to moisture. Appears whiter or lighter in color than the skin next to it. Often
appears water-logged
✔✔Callus - ✔✔Thickening of the epidermis in response to friction or pressure.
✔✔Granulation - ✔✔New vascular tissue in a wound healing that appears beefy red,
velvety, and cobblestone appearance
✔✔Hypergranulation - ✔✔Overgrowth of granulation tissue that is often appears pale or
deep red, boggy, and friable (bleeds easily)
✔✔Epithelialization - ✔✔Process of epithelial cells migrating from wound margin or from
hair follicles to complete wound healing causing a pink to lavender color
✔✔Slough - ✔✔Non-viable tissue that is soft, moist, that can vary in color (white, yellow,
tan, gray, or green), may be loos or firmly adherent
✔✔Eschar - ✔✔Black or brown non-viable tissue, can be loose or firmly adherent, hard,
soft, or soggy
✔✔Epibole - ✔✔Rolled under edges, premature closure, often in a longstanding wound.
Contact inhibition - wound thinks it is closed.
✔✔Research has demonstrated a 70% reoccurrence on VLUs. You are educating your
patient with a healed VLU on the benefits of wearing compression stockings
consistently during the day. how does the Health Belief Model (HBM) assist you in
determining if the patient will engage in this health promoting behavior. The HBM: -
✔✔HBM determines the likelihood whether the patient is going to be adherent with
applying the compression socks daily by exploring two components of health-related
behavior - 1. the desire to avoid illness and 2. get well and believing that specific
behaviors will prevent the leg ulcer from reoccuring
A+
✔✔Fissure - ✔✔Linear crack in epidermis, may be moist or dry; E.g., athlete's foot, dry
heels
✔✔Erosion - ✔✔Loss of epidermis
✔✔Scale - ✔✔Heaped up, keratinized cells; Flaky skin, irregular; thick or thin; E.g., dry
skin, seborrheic dermatitis
✔✔Crust - ✔✔Dried serum, blood, or exudate which varies in color; E.g., scab on
abrasion
✔✔Scab - ✔✔A dry, protective crust that forms over a cut or wound. not to be confused
with eschar.
✔✔Hemosiderin - ✔✔Brownish pigment caused by the breakdown of blood hemoglobin
in red blood cells. Iron and other byproducts are released from the hemoglobin through
leaking small blood vessels and converted into hemosiderin. This shows up as a brown
stain or even bruise-like staining on the skin and is a sign of chronic venous
insufficiency.
✔✔Lipodermatosclerosis - ✔✔Chronic inflammatory condition characterized by
subcutaneous fibrosis and hardening of the skin on the lower legs. Causes a tapering of
the leg to an inverted champagne bottle shape.
✔✔Atrophie Blanche - ✔✔Otherwise known as white blanche, is the name given to a
particular type of angular scar arising on the lower leg or foot. Is a spontaneously
developing lesion, often mistaken for a scar of previous ulceration.
✔✔Lichenification - ✔✔Rough, thicken epidermis due to chronic rubbing, itching; E.g.,
chronic dermatitis
✔✔Atrophy - ✔✔Thinning of skin surface with loss of landmarks, skin is paper-like; E.g.,
thinned, aged skin
✔✔Hypertrophic Scar - ✔✔Thicken, wide, raised scar due to over-production of
collagen; E.g., surgical incision
✔✔Keloid - ✔✔Irregular-shaped, grossly & progressively elevated scar that grows
beyond boundary of wound
, ✔✔Abscess - ✔✔Collection of pus in a localized area of tissue surrounded by
inflammation
✔✔Dermatitis - ✔✔Generic term meaning inflammation of the skin due to irritation (i.e.,
sun, products, meds, edema, etc.) evidenced by itching, redness, and various skin
lesions
✔✔Denuded - ✔✔Loss of epidermis due to exposure to urine, feces, body fluids, wound
exudate or friction. Superficial erosions.
✔✔Maceration - ✔✔Softening and breaking down of the skin due to prolonged
exposure to moisture. Appears whiter or lighter in color than the skin next to it. Often
appears water-logged
✔✔Callus - ✔✔Thickening of the epidermis in response to friction or pressure.
✔✔Granulation - ✔✔New vascular tissue in a wound healing that appears beefy red,
velvety, and cobblestone appearance
✔✔Hypergranulation - ✔✔Overgrowth of granulation tissue that is often appears pale or
deep red, boggy, and friable (bleeds easily)
✔✔Epithelialization - ✔✔Process of epithelial cells migrating from wound margin or from
hair follicles to complete wound healing causing a pink to lavender color
✔✔Slough - ✔✔Non-viable tissue that is soft, moist, that can vary in color (white, yellow,
tan, gray, or green), may be loos or firmly adherent
✔✔Eschar - ✔✔Black or brown non-viable tissue, can be loose or firmly adherent, hard,
soft, or soggy
✔✔Epibole - ✔✔Rolled under edges, premature closure, often in a longstanding wound.
Contact inhibition - wound thinks it is closed.
✔✔Research has demonstrated a 70% reoccurrence on VLUs. You are educating your
patient with a healed VLU on the benefits of wearing compression stockings
consistently during the day. how does the Health Belief Model (HBM) assist you in
determining if the patient will engage in this health promoting behavior. The HBM: -
✔✔HBM determines the likelihood whether the patient is going to be adherent with
applying the compression socks daily by exploring two components of health-related
behavior - 1. the desire to avoid illness and 2. get well and believing that specific
behaviors will prevent the leg ulcer from reoccuring
