Asthma - Correct Answer--✔✔Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an
excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma - Correct Answer--✔✔coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - Correct Answer--✔✔-airway inflammation,
bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles - Correct Answer--✔✔smaller passageways that originate from the
bronchi that become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles - Correct Answer--✔✔innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria - Correct Answer--✔✔the middle layer of the bronchioles
,structure of the lamina propria - Correct Answer--✔✔embedded with connective
tissue cells and immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria - Correct Answer--✔✔white blood cells are present
to help protect the airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma - Correct
Answer--✔✔the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an
inflammatory response that damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain - Correct Answer--
✔✔columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain - Correct Answer--
✔✔smooth muscle cells
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do - Correct Answer--
✔✔control the airways ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation - Correct Answer--✔✔When air is unable to move out of
the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus
plug thus trapping air inside
, how does hyperinflation occur? - Correct Answer--✔✔the ongoing inflammatory
process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse
around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - Correct Answer--✔✔-expanded thorax
and hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma - Correct Answer--
✔✔tiotropium and ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? - Correct Answer--✔✔These drugs block
the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma - Correct Answer--✔✔the
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine
which binds to the cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial
constriction = decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the
bronchial constriction
bronchitis - Correct Answer--✔✔inflammation of the bronchial tubes
excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma - Correct Answer--✔✔coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - Correct Answer--✔✔-airway inflammation,
bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Bronchioles - Correct Answer--✔✔smaller passageways that originate from the
bronchi that become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles - Correct Answer--✔✔innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria - Correct Answer--✔✔the middle layer of the bronchioles
,structure of the lamina propria - Correct Answer--✔✔embedded with connective
tissue cells and immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria - Correct Answer--✔✔white blood cells are present
to help protect the airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma - Correct
Answer--✔✔the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an
inflammatory response that damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain - Correct Answer--
✔✔columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain - Correct Answer--
✔✔smooth muscle cells
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do - Correct Answer--
✔✔control the airways ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation - Correct Answer--✔✔When air is unable to move out of
the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus
plug thus trapping air inside
, how does hyperinflation occur? - Correct Answer--✔✔the ongoing inflammatory
process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse
around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - Correct Answer--✔✔-expanded thorax
and hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma - Correct Answer--
✔✔tiotropium and ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? - Correct Answer--✔✔These drugs block
the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma - Correct Answer--✔✔the
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine
which binds to the cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial
constriction = decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the
bronchial constriction
bronchitis - Correct Answer--✔✔inflammation of the bronchial tubes
