GMS 401 TEST PAPER 2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔scatter diagram - ✔✔a plot of pairs of observation of two variables that can show the
correlation between two cariables
✔✔control chart - ✔✔a line plot of time-ordered values of a sample statistic with control
limits
✔✔cause-and-effect diagram - ✔✔a diagram used to organize (categorize) the
(possible) causes of a problem (the effect); also called a fishbone diagram
✔✔run chart - ✔✔a time plot that can be used to track the values of a variable over time
✔✔brainstorming - ✔✔technique for generating a free flow of solutions and
implementing the solutions in a group of people
✔✔quality circle - ✔✔a group of workers who meet to discuss ways to improving the
products or processes
✔✔benchmarking - ✔✔process of measuring an organization's performance against the
best in the same or another industry
✔✔5W2H approach - ✔✔a method of asking questions about a problem that begin with
what, why, where, when, who, how, and how much
✔✔reaching candensus - ✔✔list reduction, balance sheet, paired comparisons
✔✔statistical quality control - ✔✔use of statistical techniques and sampling in
monitoring and testing of quality of good and services
✔✔inspection - ✔✔appraisal of a good and service against a standard
✔✔statistical process control (SPC) - ✔✔statistical evaluation of the product in the
production process
✔✔random variation - ✔✔natural variation in the output of a process, created by
countless minor factors
✔✔assignable variation - ✔✔nonrandom variability in process output: a variation whose
cause can be identified
✔✔central limit theorem - ✔✔the distribution of sample averages tends to be normal
regardless of the shape of the process distribution
, ✔✔control chart - ✔✔a time-ordered plot of a sample statistic with limits
✔✔control limits - ✔✔the dividing line between random and assignable deviations from
the mean of the distribution
✔✔type I error - ✔✔concluding that a process has shifted when it has not
✔✔type II error - ✔✔concluding that a process has not shifted when it has
✔✔sample mean control chart - ✔✔the control chart for sample mean, used to monitor
the process mean
✔✔acceptance sampling - ✔✔determines the accept or reject a product
✔✔statistical process control - ✔✔determining if process is operating within acceptable
limits
✔✔on-site inspection - ✔✔immovable product, simple or handheld measuring
equipment, automated inspection
✔✔in lab centralized - ✔✔specialized equipment, skilled quality control inspectors, more
favourable test environment
✔✔individual unit (X) control chart - ✔✔used to monitor single observations (n=1)
✔✔moving range (MR) control chart - ✔✔the difference between consecutive
observations, used to monitor dispersion or spread when n=1
✔✔p-chart - ✔✔control chart for sample proportion of defectives, used to monitor the
proportion of defective items generated by a process
✔✔c-chart - ✔✔control chart for sample number of defects per unit product, used to
monitor the number of defects per unit product
✔✔design specification - ✔✔a range of acceptable values established by engineering
design or customer requirements
✔✔process variability - ✔✔actual variable in a process for a product
✔✔process capability - ✔✔the ability of a process to meet the design specification
✔✔design of experiments - ✔✔performing experiments by changing levels of factors to
measure their influence on output and identifying best levels for each factor
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔scatter diagram - ✔✔a plot of pairs of observation of two variables that can show the
correlation between two cariables
✔✔control chart - ✔✔a line plot of time-ordered values of a sample statistic with control
limits
✔✔cause-and-effect diagram - ✔✔a diagram used to organize (categorize) the
(possible) causes of a problem (the effect); also called a fishbone diagram
✔✔run chart - ✔✔a time plot that can be used to track the values of a variable over time
✔✔brainstorming - ✔✔technique for generating a free flow of solutions and
implementing the solutions in a group of people
✔✔quality circle - ✔✔a group of workers who meet to discuss ways to improving the
products or processes
✔✔benchmarking - ✔✔process of measuring an organization's performance against the
best in the same or another industry
✔✔5W2H approach - ✔✔a method of asking questions about a problem that begin with
what, why, where, when, who, how, and how much
✔✔reaching candensus - ✔✔list reduction, balance sheet, paired comparisons
✔✔statistical quality control - ✔✔use of statistical techniques and sampling in
monitoring and testing of quality of good and services
✔✔inspection - ✔✔appraisal of a good and service against a standard
✔✔statistical process control (SPC) - ✔✔statistical evaluation of the product in the
production process
✔✔random variation - ✔✔natural variation in the output of a process, created by
countless minor factors
✔✔assignable variation - ✔✔nonrandom variability in process output: a variation whose
cause can be identified
✔✔central limit theorem - ✔✔the distribution of sample averages tends to be normal
regardless of the shape of the process distribution
, ✔✔control chart - ✔✔a time-ordered plot of a sample statistic with limits
✔✔control limits - ✔✔the dividing line between random and assignable deviations from
the mean of the distribution
✔✔type I error - ✔✔concluding that a process has shifted when it has not
✔✔type II error - ✔✔concluding that a process has not shifted when it has
✔✔sample mean control chart - ✔✔the control chart for sample mean, used to monitor
the process mean
✔✔acceptance sampling - ✔✔determines the accept or reject a product
✔✔statistical process control - ✔✔determining if process is operating within acceptable
limits
✔✔on-site inspection - ✔✔immovable product, simple or handheld measuring
equipment, automated inspection
✔✔in lab centralized - ✔✔specialized equipment, skilled quality control inspectors, more
favourable test environment
✔✔individual unit (X) control chart - ✔✔used to monitor single observations (n=1)
✔✔moving range (MR) control chart - ✔✔the difference between consecutive
observations, used to monitor dispersion or spread when n=1
✔✔p-chart - ✔✔control chart for sample proportion of defectives, used to monitor the
proportion of defective items generated by a process
✔✔c-chart - ✔✔control chart for sample number of defects per unit product, used to
monitor the number of defects per unit product
✔✔design specification - ✔✔a range of acceptable values established by engineering
design or customer requirements
✔✔process variability - ✔✔actual variable in a process for a product
✔✔process capability - ✔✔the ability of a process to meet the design specification
✔✔design of experiments - ✔✔performing experiments by changing levels of factors to
measure their influence on output and identifying best levels for each factor
