TEAS 7 Respiratory System Questions and Answers correct

TEAS 7 Respiratory System Questions and Answers correct 6 Functions of respiratory system 1. Facilitates the delivery of oxygen to cells of the body for use in cellular respiration 2. pH regulation 3. Thermoregulation 4. Odor detection 5. Production of Speech 6. Immunity Parts of the respiratory system (9) Nose Mouth Nasal cavity Sinuses Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchial tree Lungs Primary function of respiratory system Keeps the body's cells supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide 5 Secondary functions of the respiratory system 1. pH regulation 2. Thermoregulation 3. Odor detection 4. Production of Speech 5. Immunity The conductive zone... Brings inhaled air TO the respiratory zone The respiratory zone... where gas exchange occurs In the respiratory zone is where oxygen goes into the ---- and carbon dioxide is ----- In the respiratory zone is where oxygen goes into the blood and carbon dioxide is removed The ------ and the ---- muscles are used to enlarge the chest cavity during pulmonary respiration The diaphragm and the intercostal muscles are used to enlarge the chest cavity during pulmonary respiration External respiration is the exchange of gas b/w the ---- and ---- lungs and blood Internal respiration is the exchange of gas b/w the ---- and ----- blood and tissues What is gas exchange? the process where oxygen is loaded into pulmonary blood and carbon dioxide is removed Inhaled gas moves through the ---- or -----, to the -----, ----, ----, ------, -----, and lastly the ----- (Passage of air) Mouth/ nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli How do gases diffuse in the alveoli Down their partial pressure gradients across the respiratory membrane b/w the capillaries and the alveoli Oxygen diffuses into the ----- where it's delivered to ----- throughout the body Oxygen diffuses into the blood where it's delivered to the tissues throughout the body Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the ---- as a ----- of cellular respiration Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood as a waste product of cellular respiration What is thermoregulation? The regulation of body temperature What constricts and dilates in the respiratory system to regulate body temperature and where are they located? Capillaries in the nasal passages and trachea Where are the capillaries in the respiratory system that are responsible for thermoregulation nasal passages and trachea When capillaries in the respiratory system constrict... constrict to conserve heat When capillaries in the respiratory system dilate dilate to release heat The exhalation of warm/moistened air helps to ---- the body cool Hypoventilation ? carbon dioxide ? pH Not eliminating enough carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide too high = pH too low (acidosis) Hyperventilation ? carbon dioxide ? pH Eliminating too much carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide too low = pH too high (alkalosis) Constriction of respiratory tract Conserve heat when cold Dilation of respiratory tract Release heat when hot Lysozymes (in respiratory tract) Within mucus Help break down trapped debris Within mucus Help break down trapped debris Lysozymes (in respiratory tract) Immunoglobulin A (IgA) (in respiratory tracts) Produced in the mucosal lining Antibodies Aid in immune defenses by neutralizing pathogens line the respiratory tract Sweep away debris Cilia (in respiratory tract) Cilia (in respiratory tract) line the respiratory tract Sweep away debris Produced in the mucosal lining Antibodies Aid in immune defenses by neutralizing pathogens Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Mast cells (respiratory tract) Within respiratory tract Release inflammatory chemicals (histamine) that increase blood flow Alert immune system of threat Large phagocytic cells macrophages Macrophages Large phagocytic cells that help protect the lungs by engulfing small cells and particulates Large phagocytic cells that help protect the lungs by engulfing small cells and particulates Macrophages What occupies most of the thoracic cavity? Lungs Lungs Parietal Pleura lines the ----- cavity Lines thoracic cavity Visceral Pleura lines the surface of the lungs What separates the 3 lobed right lung from the 2 lobed right lung? The mediastinum How many lobes does the right lung have? 3 lobes How many lobes does the left lung have? 2 lobes What is the hilum of the lung? it is the only site of entrance or exit of structures associated with the lungs. What is the hilum of the lung? the point of entry on each lung for the bronchus, blood vessels, and nerves What is the alveoli? site of gas exchange The wall of the alveolus consists of a single layer of ----- cells AKA: Mostly type -- cells epithelial cells Simple squamosal Mostly type 1 cells Simple squamous epithelial cells are involved in gas exchange Type 2 cells are ---- cells that secrete surfactant to prevent the alveoli from collapsing cuboidal cells