NCLEX CARDIAC PRACTICE EXAM-REAL ACTUAL
EXAM-LATEST UPDATE 2025 | COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
RATED 100% CORRECT & VERIFIED | GUARANTEED
PASS!! ALREADY GRADED A+
Which of the following actions is the first priority of care for a pt
exhibiting signs & symptoms of coronary artery disease?
1. Decrease anxiety
2. Enhance myocardial oxygenation
3. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
4. Educate the pt about his symptoms - (answers)2. Enhancing
myocardial oxygenation is always the first priority when a pt exhibits
signs or symptoms of cardiac compromise. W/out adequate oxygenation,
the myocardium suffers damage. Sublingual nitroglycerin is
administered to treat acute angina, but administration isn't the first
priority. Although educating the pt & decreasing anxiety are important
in care delivery, neither are priorities when a pt is compromised.
Medical treatment of coronary artery disease includes which of the
following procedures?
1. Cardiac catherization
2. Coronary artery bypass surgery
3. Oral med therapy
4. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty - (answers)3. Oral
med administration is a noninvasive, medical treatment for coronary
artery disease. Cardiac catherization isn't a treatment, but a diagnostic
tool. Coronary artery bypass surgery & percutaneous transluminal
coronary angioplasty are invasive, surgical treatments.
,Which of the following is the most common symptom of myocardial
infarction (MI)?
1. Chest pain
2. Dyspnea
3. Edema
4. Palpitations - (answers)1. The most common symptom of an MI is
chest pain, resulting from deprivation of oxygen to the heart. Dyspnea is
the second most common symptom, related to an increase in the
metabolic needs of the body during an MI. Edema is a later sign of heart
failure, often seen after an MI. Palpitations may result from reduced
cardiac output, producing arrhythmias.
Which of the following symptoms is the most likely origin of pain the pt
described as knifelike chest pain that increases in intensity with
inspiration?
1. Cardiac
2. Gastrointestinal
3. Musculoskeletal
4. Pulmonary - (answers)4. Pulmonary pain is generally described by
these symptoms. Musculoskeletal pain only increases w/ movement.
Cardiac & GI pains don't change w/ respiration.
Which of the following blood tests is most indicative of cardiac damage?
1. Lactate dehydrogenase
2. Complete blood count (CBC)
3. Troponin I
4. Creatine kinase (CK) - (answers)3. Troponin I levels rise rapidly &
are detectable w/in 1 hour of myocardial injury. Troponin I levels aren't
detectable in people w/out cardiac injury. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
is present in almost all body tissues & not specific to heart muscle. LDH
isoenzymes are useful in diagnosing cardiac injury. CBC is obtained to
review blood counts, & a complete chemistry is obtained to review
electrolytes. Because CK levels may rise w/ skeletal muscle injury, CK
isoenzymes are required to detect cardiac injury
,What is the primary reason for administering morphine to a pt with an
MI?
1. To sedate the pt
2. To decrease the pt's pain
3. To decrease the pt's anxiety
4. To decrease oxygen demand on the pt's heart - (answers)4. Morphine
is administered because it decreases myocardial oxygen demand.
Morphine will also decrease pain & anxiety while causing sedation, but
it isn't primarily given for those reasons.
Which of the following conditions is most commonly responsible for
myocardial infarction?
1. Aneurysm
2. Heart failure
3. Coronary artery thrombosis
4. Renal failure - (answers)3. Coronary artery thrombosis causes an
inclusion of the artery, leading to myocardial death. An aneurysm is an
outpouching of a vessel & doesn't cause an MI. Renal failure can be
associated w/ MI but isn't a direct cause. Heart failure is usually a result
from an MI.
Which of the following complications is indicated by a third heart sound
(S3)?
1. Ventricular dilation
2. Systemic hypertension
3. Aortic valve malfunction
4. Increased atrial contractions - (answers)1. Rapid filling of the
ventricle causes vasodilation that is auscultated as S3. Increased atrial
contraction or systemic hypertension can result in a fourth heart sound.
Aortic valve malfunction is heard as a murmur.
After an anterior wall myocardial infarction, which of the following
problems is indicated by auscultation of crackles in the lungs?
1. Left-sided heart failure
2. Pulmonic valve malfunction
, 3. Right-sided heart failure
4. Tricupsid valve malfunction - (answers)1. The left ventricle is
responsible for most of the cardiac output. An anterior wall MI may
result in a decrease in left ventricular function. When the left ventricle
doesn't function properly, resulting in left-sided heart failure, fluid
accumulates in the interstitial & alveolar spaces in the lungs & causes
crackles. Pulmonic & tricuspid valve malfunction causes right sided
heart failure.
What is the first intervention for a pt experiencing MI?
1. Administer morphine
2. Administer oxygen
3. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
4. Obtain an ECG - (answers)2. Administering supplemental oxygen to
the pt is the first priority of care. The myocardium is deprived of oxygen
during an infarction, so additional oxygen is administered to assist in
oxygenation & prevent further damage. Morphine & nitro are also used
to treat MI, but they're more commonly administered after the oxygen.
An ECG is the most common diagnostic tool used to evaluate MI.
Which of the following classes of meds protects the ischemic
myocardium by blocking catecholamines & sympathetic nerve
stimulation?
1. Beta-adrenergic blockers
2. Calcium channel blockers
3. Narcotics
4. Nitrates - (answers)1. Beta-adrenergic blockers work by blocking beta
receptors in the myocardium, reducing the response to catecholamines &
sympathetic nerve stimulation. They protect the myocardium, helping to
reduce the risk of another infarction by decreasing myocardial oxygen
demand. Calcium channel blockers reduce the workload of the heart by
decreasing the heart rate. Narcotics reduce myocardial oxygen demand
promote vasodilation, & decrease anxiety. Nitrates reduce myocardial
oxygen consumption by decreasing left ventricular end-diastolic
pressure (preload) & systemic vascular resistance (afterload).
EXAM-LATEST UPDATE 2025 | COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
RATED 100% CORRECT & VERIFIED | GUARANTEED
PASS!! ALREADY GRADED A+
Which of the following actions is the first priority of care for a pt
exhibiting signs & symptoms of coronary artery disease?
1. Decrease anxiety
2. Enhance myocardial oxygenation
3. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
4. Educate the pt about his symptoms - (answers)2. Enhancing
myocardial oxygenation is always the first priority when a pt exhibits
signs or symptoms of cardiac compromise. W/out adequate oxygenation,
the myocardium suffers damage. Sublingual nitroglycerin is
administered to treat acute angina, but administration isn't the first
priority. Although educating the pt & decreasing anxiety are important
in care delivery, neither are priorities when a pt is compromised.
Medical treatment of coronary artery disease includes which of the
following procedures?
1. Cardiac catherization
2. Coronary artery bypass surgery
3. Oral med therapy
4. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty - (answers)3. Oral
med administration is a noninvasive, medical treatment for coronary
artery disease. Cardiac catherization isn't a treatment, but a diagnostic
tool. Coronary artery bypass surgery & percutaneous transluminal
coronary angioplasty are invasive, surgical treatments.
,Which of the following is the most common symptom of myocardial
infarction (MI)?
1. Chest pain
2. Dyspnea
3. Edema
4. Palpitations - (answers)1. The most common symptom of an MI is
chest pain, resulting from deprivation of oxygen to the heart. Dyspnea is
the second most common symptom, related to an increase in the
metabolic needs of the body during an MI. Edema is a later sign of heart
failure, often seen after an MI. Palpitations may result from reduced
cardiac output, producing arrhythmias.
Which of the following symptoms is the most likely origin of pain the pt
described as knifelike chest pain that increases in intensity with
inspiration?
1. Cardiac
2. Gastrointestinal
3. Musculoskeletal
4. Pulmonary - (answers)4. Pulmonary pain is generally described by
these symptoms. Musculoskeletal pain only increases w/ movement.
Cardiac & GI pains don't change w/ respiration.
Which of the following blood tests is most indicative of cardiac damage?
1. Lactate dehydrogenase
2. Complete blood count (CBC)
3. Troponin I
4. Creatine kinase (CK) - (answers)3. Troponin I levels rise rapidly &
are detectable w/in 1 hour of myocardial injury. Troponin I levels aren't
detectable in people w/out cardiac injury. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
is present in almost all body tissues & not specific to heart muscle. LDH
isoenzymes are useful in diagnosing cardiac injury. CBC is obtained to
review blood counts, & a complete chemistry is obtained to review
electrolytes. Because CK levels may rise w/ skeletal muscle injury, CK
isoenzymes are required to detect cardiac injury
,What is the primary reason for administering morphine to a pt with an
MI?
1. To sedate the pt
2. To decrease the pt's pain
3. To decrease the pt's anxiety
4. To decrease oxygen demand on the pt's heart - (answers)4. Morphine
is administered because it decreases myocardial oxygen demand.
Morphine will also decrease pain & anxiety while causing sedation, but
it isn't primarily given for those reasons.
Which of the following conditions is most commonly responsible for
myocardial infarction?
1. Aneurysm
2. Heart failure
3. Coronary artery thrombosis
4. Renal failure - (answers)3. Coronary artery thrombosis causes an
inclusion of the artery, leading to myocardial death. An aneurysm is an
outpouching of a vessel & doesn't cause an MI. Renal failure can be
associated w/ MI but isn't a direct cause. Heart failure is usually a result
from an MI.
Which of the following complications is indicated by a third heart sound
(S3)?
1. Ventricular dilation
2. Systemic hypertension
3. Aortic valve malfunction
4. Increased atrial contractions - (answers)1. Rapid filling of the
ventricle causes vasodilation that is auscultated as S3. Increased atrial
contraction or systemic hypertension can result in a fourth heart sound.
Aortic valve malfunction is heard as a murmur.
After an anterior wall myocardial infarction, which of the following
problems is indicated by auscultation of crackles in the lungs?
1. Left-sided heart failure
2. Pulmonic valve malfunction
, 3. Right-sided heart failure
4. Tricupsid valve malfunction - (answers)1. The left ventricle is
responsible for most of the cardiac output. An anterior wall MI may
result in a decrease in left ventricular function. When the left ventricle
doesn't function properly, resulting in left-sided heart failure, fluid
accumulates in the interstitial & alveolar spaces in the lungs & causes
crackles. Pulmonic & tricuspid valve malfunction causes right sided
heart failure.
What is the first intervention for a pt experiencing MI?
1. Administer morphine
2. Administer oxygen
3. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
4. Obtain an ECG - (answers)2. Administering supplemental oxygen to
the pt is the first priority of care. The myocardium is deprived of oxygen
during an infarction, so additional oxygen is administered to assist in
oxygenation & prevent further damage. Morphine & nitro are also used
to treat MI, but they're more commonly administered after the oxygen.
An ECG is the most common diagnostic tool used to evaluate MI.
Which of the following classes of meds protects the ischemic
myocardium by blocking catecholamines & sympathetic nerve
stimulation?
1. Beta-adrenergic blockers
2. Calcium channel blockers
3. Narcotics
4. Nitrates - (answers)1. Beta-adrenergic blockers work by blocking beta
receptors in the myocardium, reducing the response to catecholamines &
sympathetic nerve stimulation. They protect the myocardium, helping to
reduce the risk of another infarction by decreasing myocardial oxygen
demand. Calcium channel blockers reduce the workload of the heart by
decreasing the heart rate. Narcotics reduce myocardial oxygen demand
promote vasodilation, & decrease anxiety. Nitrates reduce myocardial
oxygen consumption by decreasing left ventricular end-diastolic
pressure (preload) & systemic vascular resistance (afterload).
